New Photosensitizers Based on Heteroleptic Cu(I) Complexes and CO2 Photocatalytic Reduction with (Ni(II)(cyclam))Cl2: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 09:07, 16 April 2024

A photochemical reduction of CO₂ was shown using the nickel catalyst Ni(cyclam)Cl2 and the copper-based photosensitizers 100906, 100907, 100908 and100909. Turnover numbers (TONs) of 8.1 for CO were reached in acetonitrile/TEOA for complex 100908 after 4 hours. Employing the other synthesized photosensitizers 100906, 100907 or 100909, TONs of 4.3 to 4.9 were obtained. The experiments were conducted under visible-light irradiation (λ = 420 nm) using BIH as sacrificial electron donor (see section SEDs below).

Advances and special progress[edit | edit source]

The first example of Cu(I)-based photosensitizers used for photocatalytic CO₂ reduction in combination with Ni(cyclam)Cl2 was successfully reported, demonstrating the usability of a fully noble-metal free CO₂ reduction system. The TONs are consistent with previously reported results on noble-metal based photosensitizers.

Additional remarks[edit | edit source]

The developed heteroleptic photosensitizer complexes showed a high stability in acetonitrile and no ligand release or formation of the homoleptic complexes was detected in UV/Vis stability studies.

Content of the published article in detail[edit | edit source]

The article contains results for the reduction of CO₂ to CO under visible-light catalysis using a nickel complex as catalyst and copper-based photosensitizers. The catalytic system performs best (referring to the TON of CO production) in acetonitrile/TEOA with photosensitizer 100908.

Catalysts[edit | edit source]

Ni(cyclam)Cl2

Photosensitizers[edit | edit source]

100906 100907 100908 100909

Investigations[edit | edit source]

	cat	cat conc [µM]	PS	PS conc [mM]	e-D	e-D conc [M]	solvent A	λexc [nm]	TON CO
1.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100906	1	BIH	0.02	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)	4.3
2.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100907	1	BIH	0.02	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)	4.9
3.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100908	1	BIH	0.02	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)	8.1
4.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100909	1	BIH	0.02	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)	4.6
5.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100906	1	BIH	0.01	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)	2.6
6.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100907	1	BIH	0.01	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)	3.5
7.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100908	1	BIH	0.01	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)	5.0
8.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100909	1	BIH	0.01	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)	1.8
9.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100906	1	BIH	0.01	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)	2.8
10.			Molecule:100908	1	BIH	0.01	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)
11.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100908	1	BIH	0.01	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)
12.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100908	1			MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)
13.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100908	1	BIH	0.01	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)
14.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1			BIH	0.01	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)
15.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100906	1	BIH	0.01	MeCN	dark
16.	[Cu(ACN)4][BF4]	0.1	Molecule:100906	1	BIH	0.01	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)
17.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100906	1	BIH	0.02	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)	7.3
18.	Ni(cyclam)Cl2	0.1	Molecule:100907	1	BIH	0.02	MeCN	420 nm (4 x 8 W)	6.5

Investigation-Name: Photocatalytic CO2 reduction and control experiments

Sacrificial Electron Donor[edit | edit source]

In this study, the experiments were done with the sacrificial electron donor BIH.

Additives[edit | edit source]

In this study, TEOA was used as a proton donor. For one experiment, N(Me)3 was employed instead. The catalyst [Cu(ACN)4][BF4] was used for a control experiment.

Investigations

Photocatalytic CO2 reduction and control experiments (Molecular process, Photocatalytic CO2 conversion experiments)

DOI	10.1002/chem.202001279
Authors	Lisa‐Lou Gracia, Luisa Luci, Cecilia Bruschi, Letizia Sambri, Patrick Weis, Olaf Fuhr, Claudia Bizzarri,
Submitted	16.07.2020
Published online	16.07.2020
Licenses	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/,
Subjects	General Chemistry, Catalysis, Organic Chemistry
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New Photosensitizers Based on Heteroleptic Cu(I) Complexes and CO2 Photocatalytic Reduction with (Ni(II)(cyclam))Cl2: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 09:07, 16 April 2024

Contents

Abstract[edit | edit source]

Summary[edit | edit source]

Advances and special progress[edit | edit source]

Additional remarks[edit | edit source]

Content of the published article in detail[edit | edit source]

Catalysts[edit | edit source]

Photosensitizers[edit | edit source]

Investigations[edit | edit source]

Sacrificial Electron Donor[edit | edit source]

Additives[edit | edit source]

Investigations

Topics

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 [[Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion to CO]]
 {{BaseTemplate}}
+===Abstract===
+====Summary====
+A photochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> was shown using the nickel catalyst {{#moleculelink:|link=IZFLGDSTXHVTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L|image=false|width=300|height=200}} and the copper-based photosensitizers {{#moleculelink:|link=OGUFRAGOGOMEFL-UHFFFAOYSA-P|image=false|width=300|height=200}}, {{#moleculelink:|link=XIYWTOURLVMHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-R|image=false|width=300|height=200}}, {{#moleculelink:|link=LMWHUTMATFLCSY-UHFFFAOYSA-R|image=false|width=300|height=200}} and{{#moleculelink:|link=WFPHYLSMKQIDJB-UHFFFAOYSA-R|image=false|width=300|height=200}}. Turnover numbers (TONs) of 8.1 for CO were reached in acetonitrile/TEOA for complex {{#moleculelink:|link=LMWHUTMATFLCSY-UHFFFAOYSA-R|image=false|width=300|height=200}} after 4 hours. Employing the other synthesized photosensitizers {{#moleculelink:|link=OGUFRAGOGOMEFL-UHFFFAOYSA-P|image=false|width=300|height=200}}, {{#moleculelink:|link=XIYWTOURLVMHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-R|image=false|width=300|height=200}} or {{#moleculelink:|link=WFPHYLSMKQIDJB-UHFFFAOYSA-R|image=false|width=300|height=200}}, TONs of 4.3 to 4.9 were obtained. The experiments were conducted under visible-light irradiation (λ = 420 nm) using BIH as sacrificial electron donor (see section SEDs below).
+====Advances and special progress====
+The first example of Cu(I)-based photosensitizers used for photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction in combination with {{#moleculelink:|link=IZFLGDSTXHVTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L|image=false|width=300|height=200}} was successfully reported, demonstrating the usability of a fully noble-metal free CO<sub>2</sub> reduction system. The TONs are consistent with previously reported results on noble-metal based photosensitizers.
+====Additional remarks====
+The developed heteroleptic photosensitizer complexes showed a high stability in acetonitrile and no ligand release or formation of the homoleptic complexes was detected in UV/Vis stability studies.
+===Content of the published article in detail===
+The article contains results for the reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to CO under visible-light catalysis using a nickel complex as catalyst and copper-based photosensitizers. The catalytic system performs best (referring to the TON of CO production) in acetonitrile/TEOA with photosensitizer {{#moleculelink:|link=LMWHUTMATFLCSY-UHFFFAOYSA-R|image=false|width=300|height=200}}.
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+M  V30 98 C 18.0516 -4.48817 0.0 0
+M  V30 99 C 17.1169 -4.49358 0.0 0
+M  V30 100 O 16.4727 -6.9331 0.0 0
+M  V30 101 P 14.9847 -7.94948 0.0 0
+M  V30 102 P 15.7185 -5.30131 0.0 0
+M  V30 103 C 14.7428 -8.85228 0.0 0
+M  V30 104 C 15.1629 -10.414 0.0 0
+M  V30 105 C 15.4044 -9.5134 0.0 0
+M  V30 106 C 14.2594 -10.6567 0.0 0
+M  V30 107 C 13.8357 -9.09599 0.0 0
+M  V30 108 C 13.5996 -10.0004 0.0 0
+M  V30 109 C 14.0501 -7.94948 0.0 0
+M  V30 110 C 12.6503 -8.75942 0.0 0
+M  V30 111 C 13.5827 -8.75967 0.0 0
+M  V30 112 C 12.182 -7.94954 0.0 0
+M  V30 113 C 13.5799 -7.13636 0.0 0
+M  V30 114 C 12.6452 -7.1424 0.0 0
+M  V30 115 C 15.9604 -4.39851 0.0 0
+M  V30 116 C 15.5404 -2.83679 0.0 0
+M  V30 117 C 15.2988 -3.73739 0.0 0
+M  V30 118 C 16.4439 -2.59405 0.0 0
+M  V30 119 C 16.8675 -4.1548 0.0 0
+M  V30 120 C 17.1036 -3.25039 0.0 0
+M  V30 121 C 14.9091 -4.83399 0.0 0
+M  V30 122 C 13.2919 -4.83553 0.0 0
+M  V30 123 C 14.0992 -5.30196 0.0 0
+M  V30 124 C 13.2912 -3.89999 0.0 0
+M  V30 125 C 14.9084 -3.89472 0.0 0
+M  V30 126 C 14.096 -3.4326 0.0 0
+M  V30 127 Cu 13.6036 -6.2658 0.0 0 CHG=1
+M  V30 128 C 10.7455 -2.84668 0.0 0
+M  V30 END ATOM
+M  V30 BEGIN BOND
+M  V30 1 1 1 2
+M  V30 2 1 2 3
+M  V30 3 1 2 4
+M  V30 4 1 2 5
+M  V30 5 1 6 7
+M  V30 6 1 7 8
+M  V30 7 1 7 9
+M  V30 8 1 7 10
+M  V30 9 2 13 11
+M  V30 10 2 14 12
+M  V30 11 1 11 15
+M  V30 12 1 12 13
+M  V30 13 2 15 16
+M  V30 14 1 16 14
+M  V30 15 2 18 17
+M  V30 16 1 12 19
+M  V30 17 1 17 13
+M  V30 18 2 19 20
+M  V30 19 1 20 18
+M  V30 20 1 15 21
+M  V30 21 2 21 22
+M  V30 22 1 22 23
+M  V30 23 1 23 24
+M  V30 24 2 24 25
+M  V30 25 1 25 21
+M  V30 26 1 23 26
+M  V30 27 1 26 27
+M  V30 28 2 29 27
+M  V30 29 2 30 28
+M  V30 30 1 27 31
+M  V30 31 1 28 29
+M  V30 32 2 31 32
+M  V30 33 1 32 30
+M  V30 34 2 35 33
+M  V30 35 2 36 34
+M  V30 36 1 33 37
+M  V30 37 1 34 35
+M  V30 38 2 37 38
+M  V30 39 1 38 36
+M  V30 40 2 41 39
+M  V30 41 2 42 40
+M  V30 42 1 39 43
+M  V30 43 1 40 41
+M  V30 44 2 43 44
+M  V30 45 1 44 42
+M  V30 46 1 38 45
+M  V30 47 1 40 45
+M  V30 48 1 36 46
+M  V30 49 1 42 47
+M  V30 50 1 46 48
+M  V30 51 2 50 48
+M  V30 52 2 51 49
+M  V30 53 1 48 52
+M  V30 54 1 49 50
+M  V30 55 2 52 53
+M  V30 56 1 53 51
+M  V30 57 1 46 54
+M  V30 58 2 56 54
+M  V30 59 2 57 55
+M  V30 60 1 54 58
+M  V30 61 1 55 56
+M  V30 62 2 58 59
+M  V30 63 1 59 57
+M  V30 64 1 47 60
+M  V30 65 2 62 60
+M  V30 66 2 63 61
+M  V30 67 1 60 64
+M  V30 68 1 61 62
+M  V30 69 2 64 65
+M  V30 70 1 65 63
+M  V30 71 1 47 66
+M  V30 72 2 68 66
+M  V30 73 2 69 67
+M  V30 74 1 66 70
+M  V30 75 1 67 68
+M  V30 76 2 70 71
+M  V30 77 1 71 69
+M  V30 78 8 11 72
+M  V30 79 8 72 25
+M  V30 80 8 72 47
+M  V30 81 8 72 46
+M  V30 82 2 75 73
+M  V30 83 2 76 74
+M  V30 84 1 73 77
+M  V30 85 1 74 75
+M  V30 86 2 77 78
+M  V30 87 1 78 76
+M  V30 88 2 80 79
+M  V30 89 1 74 81
+M  V30 90 1 79 75
+M  V30 91 2 81 82
+M  V30 92 1 82 80
+M  V30 93 1 77 83
+M  V30 94 2 83 84
+M  V30 95 1 84 85
+M  V30 96 1 85 86
+M  V30 97 2 86 87
+M  V30 98 1 87 83
+M  V30 99 2 90 88
+M  V30 100 2 91 89
+M  V30 101 1 88 92
+M  V30 102 1 89 90
+M  V30 103 2 92 93
+M  V30 104 1 93 91
+M  V30 105 2 96 94
+M  V30 106 2 97 95
+M  V30 107 1 94 98
+M  V30 108 1 95 96
+M  V30 109 2 98 99
+M  V30 110 1 99 97
+M  V30 111 1 93 100
+M  V30 112 1 95 100
+M  V30 113 1 91 101
+M  V30 114 1 97 102
+M  V30 115 1 101 103
+M  V30 116 2 105 103
+M  V30 117 2 106 104
+M  V30 118 1 103 107
+M  V30 119 1 104 105
+M  V30 120 2 107 108
+M  V30 121 1 108 106
+M  V30 122 1 101 109
+M  V30 123 2 111 109
+M  V30 124 2 112 110
+M  V30 125 1 109 113
+M  V30 126 1 110 111
+M  V30 127 2 113 114
+M  V30 128 1 114 112
+M  V30 129 1 102 115
+M  V30 130 2 117 115
+M  V30 131 2 118 116
+M  V30 132 1 115 119
+M  V30 133 1 116 117
+M  V30 134 2 119 120
+M  V30 135 1 120 118
+M  V30 136 1 102 121
+M  V30 137 2 123 121
+M  V30 138 2 124 122
+M  V30 139 1 121 125
+M  V30 140 1 122 123
+M  V30 141 2 125 126
+M  V30 142 1 126 124
+M  V30 143 8 73 127
+M  V30 144 8 127 87
+M  V30 145 8 127 102
+M  V30 146 8 127 101
+M  V30 147 1 30 128
+M  V30 148 1 85 128
+M  V30 END BOND
+M  V30 END CTAB
+M  END
+</chemform><chemform smiles="F[B-](F)(F)F.F[B-](F)(F)F.N12~[Cu+]3(~P(C4C=CC=CC=4)(C4C=CC=CC=4)C4C(OC5C=CC=CC=5P~3(C3C=CC=CC=3)C3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=CC=4)~N3C(=CN(CC4C=C(CN5N=N6~[Cu+]7(~P(C8C=CC=CC=8)(C8C=CC=CC=8)C8C(OC9C=CC=CC=9P~7(C7C=CC=CC=7)C7C=CC=CC=7)=CC=CC=8)~N7C(C6=C5)=CC=C5C=CC=CC=75)C=CC=4)N=3)C1=CC=C1C=CC=CC=21" inchi="1S/2C36H28OP2.C30H22N8.2BF4.2Cu/c2*1-5-17-29(18-6-1)38(30-19-7-2-8-20-30)35-27-15-13-25-33(35)37-34-26-14-16-28-36(34)39(31-21-9-3-10-22-31)32-23-11-4-12-24-32;1-3-10-25-23(8-1)12-14-27(31-25)29-19-37(35-33-29)17-21-6-5-7-22(16-21)18-38-20-30(34-36-38)28-15-13-24-9-2-4-11-26(24)32-28;2*2-1(3,4)5;;/h2*1-28H;1-16,19-20H,17-18H2;;;;/q;;;4*-1/p+4" inchikey="LMWHUTMATFLCSY-UHFFFAOYSA-R" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
+  -INDIGO-04032416132D
+  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0 V3000
+M  V30 BEGIN CTAB
+M  V30 COUNTS 128 148 0 0 0
+M  V30 BEGIN ATOM
+M  V30 1 F 1.25789 -7.33776 0.0 0
+M  V30 2 B 2.06458 -6.87202 0.0 0 CHG=-1
+M  V30 3 F 2.53032 -7.67871 0.0 0
+M  V30 4 F 1.59884 -6.06533 0.0 0
+M  V30 5 F 2.87127 -6.40628 0.0 0
+M  V30 6 F 21.2524 -5.36947 0.0 0
+M  V30 7 B 20.3209 -5.36947 0.0 0 CHG=-1
+M  V30 8 F 20.3209 -6.30095 0.0 0
+M  V30 9 F 20.3209 -4.43798 0.0 0
+M  V30 10 F 19.3894 -5.36947 0.0 0
+M  V30 11 N 5.93714 -5.35654 0.0 0
+M  V30 12 C 4.54109 -4.55106 0.0 0
+M  V30 13 C 5.00499 -5.35627 0.0 0
+M  V30 14 C 5.00728 -3.74361 0.0 0
+M  V30 15 C 6.40518 -4.54586 0.0 0
+M  V30 16 C 5.93474 -3.74182 0.0 0
+M  V30 17 C 4.54051 -6.15785 0.0 0
+M  V30 18 C 3.61102 -6.15725 0.0 0
+M  V30 19 C 3.60788 -4.55046 0.0 0
+M  V30 20 C 3.14769 -5.3571 0.0 0
+M  V30 21 C 7.33667 -4.54586 0.0 0
+M  V30 22 C 7.88419 -3.7923 0.0 0
+M  V30 23 N 8.77011 -4.08012 0.0 0
+M  V30 24 N 8.77011 -5.0116 0.0 0
+M  V30 25 N 7.88419 -5.29942 0.0 0
+M  V30 26 C 9.52369 -3.5326 0.0 0
+M  V30 27 C 10.4234 -3.77369 0.0 0
+M  V30 28 C 11.9799 -3.35505 0.0 0
+M  V30 29 C 11.0823 -3.1143 0.0 0
+M  V30 30 C 12.2218 -4.25549 0.0 0
+M  V30 31 C 10.6663 -4.67772 0.0 0
+M  V30 32 C 11.5677 -4.913 0.0 0
+M  V30 33 C 4.99796 -11.5738 0.0 0
+M  V30 34 C 4.58038 -10.0171 0.0 0
+M  V30 35 C 4.33902 -10.9144 0.0 0
+M  V30 36 C 5.48097 -9.77574 0.0 0
+M  V30 37 C 5.90216 -11.3315 0.0 0
+M  V30 38 C 6.13805 -10.4303 0.0 0
+M  V30 39 C 9.1824 -11.5972 0.0 0
+M  V30 40 C 8.0424 -10.4579 0.0 0
+M  V30 41 C 8.28208 -11.3557 0.0 0
+M  V30 42 C 8.70168 -9.79859 0.0 0
+M  V30 43 C 9.84432 -10.9353 0.0 0
+M  V30 44 C 9.59801 -10.0369 0.0 0
+M  V30 45 O 7.08343 -10.046 0.0 0
+M  V30 46 P 5.72119 -8.87576 0.0 0
+M  V30 47 P 8.45973 -8.89908 0.0 0
+M  V30 48 C 4.7897 -8.87576 0.0 0
+M  V30 49 C 3.39466 -9.68297 0.0 0
+M  V30 50 C 4.32394 -9.68321 0.0 0
+M  V30 51 C 2.92793 -8.87583 0.0 0
+M  V30 52 C 4.32112 -8.0654 0.0 0
+M  V30 53 C 3.38958 -8.07142 0.0 0
+M  V30 54 C 5.4801 -7.97602 0.0 0
+M  V30 55 C 4.33934 -6.83742 0.0 0
+M  V30 56 C 4.57962 -7.73511 0.0 0
+M  V30 57 C 4.99818 -6.1777 0.0 0
+M  V30 58 C 6.14158 -7.31366 0.0 0
+M  V30 59 C 5.89466 -6.41542 0.0 0
+M  V30 60 C 9.39122 -8.89908 0.0 0
+M  V30 61 C 10.7863 -8.09188 0.0 0
+M  V30 62 C 9.85698 -8.09164 0.0 0
+M  V30 63 C 11.253 -8.89902 0.0 0
+M  V30 64 C 9.85981 -9.70945 0.0 0
+M  V30 65 C 10.7913 -9.70343 0.0 0
+M  V30 66 C 8.70082 -7.99934 0.0 0
+M  V30 67 C 8.28219 -6.4429 0.0 0
+M  V30 68 C 8.04144 -7.34046 0.0 0
+M  V30 69 C 9.18262 -6.20099 0.0 0
+M  V30 70 C 9.60485 -7.75645 0.0 0
+M  V30 71 C 9.84013 -6.8551 0.0 0
+M  V30 72 Cu 6.98573 -7.1119 0.0 0 CHG=1
+M  V30 73 N 16.1589 -5.66912 0.0 0
+M  V30 74 C 16.9651 -4.27353 0.0 0
+M  V30 75 C 16.966 -5.20281 0.0 0
+M  V30 76 C 16.1577 -3.80735 0.0 0
+M  V30 77 C 15.3482 -5.20107 0.0 0
+M  V30 78 C 15.3536 -4.26953 0.0 0
+M  V30 79 C 17.769 -5.66476 0.0 0
+M  V30 80 C 18.5737 -5.19949 0.0 0
+M  V30 81 C 17.773 -3.8064 0.0 0
+M  V30 82 C 18.5749 -4.27488 0.0 0
+M  V30 83 C 14.5415 -5.66682 0.0 0
+M  V30 84 C 13.6905 -5.28797 0.0 0
+M  V30 85 N 13.0672 -5.9802 0.0 0
+M  V30 86 N 13.533 -6.78688 0.0 0
+M  V30 87 N 14.4441 -6.59318 0.0 0
+M  V30 88 C 20.0808 -10.5838 0.0 0
+M  V30 89 C 19.6641 -9.02686 0.0 0
+M  V30 90 C 20.3218 -9.68335 0.0 0
+M  V30 91 C 18.7635 -9.26818 0.0 0
+M  V30 92 C 19.1766 -10.8261 0.0 0
+M  V30 93 C 18.5217 -10.1636 0.0 0
+M  V30 94 C 16.4687 -12.6964 0.0 0
+M  V30 95 C 16.8863 -11.1396 0.0 0
+M  V30 96 C 17.1277 -12.037 0.0 0
+M  V30 97 C 15.9857 -10.8983 0.0 0
+M  V30 98 C 15.5645 -12.4541 0.0 0
+M  V30 99 C 15.3286 -11.5529 0.0 0
+M  V30 100 O 17.5109 -10.3035 0.0 0
+M  V30 101 P 18.1055 -8.60888 0.0 0
+M  V30 102 P 15.7455 -9.99835 0.0 0
+M  V30 103 C 18.9122 -8.14314 0.0 0
+M  V30 104 C 20.5239 -8.14467 0.0 0
+M  V30 105 C 19.7193 -8.60952 0.0 0
+M  V30 106 C 20.5245 -7.21231 0.0 0
+M  V30 107 C 18.9128 -7.20705 0.0 0
+M  V30 108 C 19.7225 -6.7465 0.0 0
+M  V30 109 C 17.8644 -7.70914 0.0 0
+M  V30 110 C 18.283 -6.15271 0.0 0
+M  V30 111 C 18.5238 -7.05026 0.0 0
+M  V30 112 C 17.3826 -5.91079 0.0 0
+M  V30 113 C 16.9604 -7.46625 0.0 0
+M  V30 114 C 16.7251 -6.5649 0.0 0
+M  V30 115 C 14.9388 -10.4641 0.0 0
+M  V30 116 C 13.3271 -10.4626 0.0 0
+M  V30 117 C 14.1317 -9.99771 0.0 0
+M  V30 118 C 13.3264 -11.3949 0.0 0
+M  V30 119 C 14.9382 -11.4002 0.0 0
+M  V30 120 C 14.1284 -11.8607 0.0 0
+M  V30 121 C 15.0868 -9.33969 0.0 0
+M  V30 122 C 14.6712 -7.78246 0.0 0
+M  V30 123 C 15.3284 -8.43939 0.0 0
+M  V30 124 C 13.7704 -8.02317 0.0 0
+M  V30 125 C 14.1825 -9.58136 0.0 0
+M  V30 126 C 13.528 -8.91841 0.0 0
+M  V30 127 Cu 16.1284 -7.7136 0.0 0 CHG=1
+M  V30 128 C 11.8309 -5.87775 0.0 0
+M  V30 END ATOM
+M  V30 BEGIN BOND
+M  V30 1 1 1 2
+M  V30 2 1 2 3
+M  V30 3 1 2 4
+M  V30 4 1 2 5
+M  V30 5 1 6 7
+M  V30 6 1 7 8
+M  V30 7 1 7 9
+M  V30 8 1 7 10
+M  V30 9 2 13 11
+M  V30 10 2 14 12
+M  V30 11 1 11 15
+M  V30 12 1 12 13
+M  V30 13 2 15 16
+M  V30 14 1 16 14
+M  V30 15 2 18 17
+M  V30 16 1 12 19
+M  V30 17 1 17 13
+M  V30 18 2 19 20
+M  V30 19 1 20 18
+M  V30 20 1 15 21
+M  V30 21 2 21 22
+M  V30 22 1 22 23
+M  V30 23 1 23 24
+M  V30 24 2 24 25
+M  V30 25 1 25 21
+M  V30 26 1 23 26
+M  V30 27 2 29 27
+M  V30 28 2 30 28
+M  V30 29 1 27 31
+M  V30 30 1 28 29
+M  V30 31 2 31 32
+M  V30 32 1 32 30
+M  V30 33 2 35 33
+M  V30 34 2 36 34
+M  V30 35 1 33 37
+M  V30 36 1 34 35
+M  V30 37 2 37 38
+M  V30 38 1 38 36
+M  V30 39 2 41 39
+M  V30 40 2 42 40
+M  V30 41 1 39 43
+M  V30 42 1 40 41
+M  V30 43 2 43 44
+M  V30 44 1 44 42
+M  V30 45 1 38 45
+M  V30 46 1 40 45
+M  V30 47 1 36 46
+M  V30 48 1 42 47
+M  V30 49 1 46 48
+M  V30 50 2 50 48
+M  V30 51 2 51 49
+M  V30 52 1 48 52
+M  V30 53 1 49 50
+M  V30 54 2 52 53
+M  V30 55 1 53 51
+M  V30 56 1 46 54
+M  V30 57 2 56 54
+M  V30 58 2 57 55
+M  V30 59 1 54 58
+M  V30 60 1 55 56
+M  V30 61 2 58 59
+M  V30 62 1 59 57
+M  V30 63 1 47 60
+M  V30 64 2 62 60
+M  V30 65 2 63 61
+M  V30 66 1 60 64
+M  V30 67 1 61 62
+M  V30 68 2 64 65
+M  V30 69 1 65 63
+M  V30 70 1 47 66
+M  V30 71 2 68 66
+M  V30 72 2 69 67
+M  V30 73 1 66 70
+M  V30 74 1 67 68
+M  V30 75 2 70 71
+M  V30 76 1 71 69
+M  V30 77 8 11 72
+M  V30 78 8 72 25
+M  V30 79 8 72 47
+M  V30 80 8 72 46
+M  V30 81 2 75 73
+M  V30 82 2 76 74
+M  V30 83 1 73 77
+M  V30 84 1 74 75
+M  V30 85 2 77 78
+M  V30 86 1 78 76
+M  V30 87 2 80 79
+M  V30 88 1 74 81
+M  V30 89 1 79 75
+M  V30 90 2 81 82
+M  V30 91 1 82 80
+M  V30 92 1 77 83
+M  V30 93 2 83 84
+M  V30 94 1 84 85
+M  V30 95 1 85 86
+M  V30 96 2 86 87
+M  V30 97 1 87 83
+M  V30 98 2 90 88
+M  V30 99 2 91 89
+M  V30 100 1 88 92
+M  V30 101 1 89 90
+M  V30 102 2 92 93
+M  V30 103 1 93 91
+M  V30 104 2 96 94
+M  V30 105 2 97 95
+M  V30 106 1 94 98
+M  V30 107 1 95 96
+M  V30 108 2 98 99
+M  V30 109 1 99 97
+M  V30 110 1 93 100
+M  V30 111 1 95 100
+M  V30 112 1 91 101
+M  V30 113 1 97 102
+M  V30 114 1 101 103
+M  V30 115 2 105 103
+M  V30 116 2 106 104
+M  V30 117 1 103 107
+M  V30 118 1 104 105
+M  V30 119 2 107 108
+M  V30 120 1 108 106
+M  V30 121 1 101 109
+M  V30 122 2 111 109
+M  V30 123 2 112 110
+M  V30 124 1 109 113
+M  V30 125 1 110 111
+M  V30 126 2 113 114
+M  V30 127 1 114 112
+M  V30 128 1 102 115
+M  V30 129 2 117 115
+M  V30 130 2 118 116
+M  V30 131 1 115 119
+M  V30 132 1 116 117
+M  V30 133 2 119 120
+M  V30 134 1 120 118
+M  V30 135 1 102 121
+M  V30 136 2 123 121
+M  V30 137 2 124 122
+M  V30 138 1 121 125
+M  V30 139 1 122 123
+M  V30 140 2 125 126
+M  V30 141 1 126 124
+M  V30 142 8 73 127
+M  V30 143 8 127 87
+M  V30 144 8 127 102
+M  V30 145 8 127 101
+M  V30 146 1 26 27
+M  V30 147 1 32 128
+M  V30 148 1 85 128
+M  V30 END BOND
+M  V30 END CTAB
+M  END
+</chemform><chemform smiles="F[B-](F)(F)F.F[B-](F)(F)F.N12~[Cu+]3(~P(C4C=CC=CC=4)(C4C=CC=CC=4)C4C(OC5C=CC=CC=5P~3(C3C=CC=CC=3)C3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=CC=4)~N3C(=CN(CC4C(CN5N=N6~[Cu+]7(~P(C8C=CC=CC=8)(C8C=CC=CC=8)C8C(OC9C=CC=CC=9P~7(C7C=CC=CC=7)C7C=CC=CC=7)=CC=CC=8)~N7C(C6=C5)=CC=C5C=CC=CC=75)=CC=CC=4)N=3)C1=CC=C1C=CC=CC=21" inchi="1S/2C36H28OP2.C30H22N8.2BF4.2Cu/c2*1-5-17-29(18-6-1)38(30-19-7-2-8-20-30)35-27-15-13-25-33(35)37-34-26-14-16-28-36(34)39(31-21-9-3-10-22-31)32-23-11-4-12-24-32;1-2-10-24(18-38-20-30(34-36-38)28-16-14-22-8-4-6-12-26(22)32-28)23(9-1)17-37-19-29(33-35-37)27-15-13-21-7-3-5-11-25(21)31-27;2*2-1(3,4)5;;/h2*1-28H;1-16,19-20H,17-18H2;;;;/q;;;4*-1/p+4" inchikey="WFPHYLSMKQIDJB-UHFFFAOYSA-R" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
+  -INDIGO-04032416162D
+  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0 V3000
+M  V30 BEGIN CTAB
+M  V30 COUNTS 128 148 0 0 0
+M  V30 BEGIN ATOM
+M  V30 1 F 0.171008 -6.89622 0.0 0
+M  V30 2 B 0.976244 -6.43132 0.0 0 CHG=-1
+M  V30 3 F 1.44115 -7.23655 0.0 0
+M  V30 4 F 0.511341 -5.62608 0.0 0
+M  V30 5 F 1.78148 -5.96641 0.0 0
+M  V30 6 F 19.8483 -2.96272 0.0 0
+M  V30 7 B 18.9185 -2.96272 0.0 0 CHG=-1
+M  V30 8 F 18.9185 -3.89252 0.0 0
+M  V30 9 F 18.9185 -2.03291 0.0 0
+M  V30 10 F 17.9886 -2.96272 0.0 0
+M  V30 11 N 4.84183 -4.91856 0.0 0
+M  V30 12 C 3.4483 -4.11453 0.0 0
+M  V30 13 C 3.91136 -4.91829 0.0 0
+M  V30 14 C 3.91364 -3.30853 0.0 0
+M  V30 15 C 5.30903 -4.10934 0.0 0
+M  V30 16 C 4.83944 -3.30675 0.0 0
+M  V30 17 C 3.44772 -5.71843 0.0 0
+M  V30 18 C 2.5199 -5.71783 0.0 0
+M  V30 19 C 2.51677 -4.11393 0.0 0
+M  V30 20 C 2.0574 -4.91913 0.0 0
+M  V30 21 C 6.23884 -4.10934 0.0 0
+M  V30 22 C 6.78537 -3.35714 0.0 0
+M  V30 23 N 7.6697 -3.64445 0.0 0
+M  V30 24 N 7.6697 -4.57424 0.0 0
+M  V30 25 N 6.78537 -4.86155 0.0 0
+M  V30 26 C 8.60942 -3.37916 0.0 0
+M  V30 27 C 3.90435 -11.1246 0.0 0
+M  V30 28 C 3.48751 -9.57068 0.0 0
+M  V30 29 C 3.24659 -10.4665 0.0 0
+M  V30 30 C 4.38648 -9.3298 0.0 0
+M  V30 31 C 4.80691 -10.8827 0.0 0
+M  V30 32 C 5.04238 -9.98318 0.0 0
+M  V30 33 C 8.08125 -11.148 0.0 0
+M  V30 34 C 6.9433 -10.0107 0.0 0
+M  V30 35 C 7.18255 -10.9069 0.0 0
+M  V30 36 C 7.6014 -9.35262 0.0 0
+M  V30 37 C 8.74197 -10.4873 0.0 0
+M  V30 38 C 8.49611 -9.59051 0.0 0
+M  V30 39 O 5.98606 -9.59959 0.0 0
+M  V30 40 P 4.62627 -8.43145 0.0 0
+M  V30 41 P 7.35988 -8.45472 0.0 0
+M  V30 42 C 3.69646 -8.43145 0.0 0
+M  V30 43 C 2.30393 -9.2372 0.0 0
+M  V30 44 C 3.23153 -9.23744 0.0 0
+M  V30 45 C 1.83804 -8.43151 0.0 0
+M  V30 46 C 3.22872 -7.62254 0.0 0
+M  V30 47 C 2.29886 -7.62855 0.0 0
+M  V30 48 C 4.38562 -7.53332 0.0 0
+M  V30 49 C 3.24691 -6.39678 0.0 0
+M  V30 50 C 3.48676 -7.29284 0.0 0
+M  V30 51 C 3.90456 -5.73825 0.0 0
+M  V30 52 C 5.0459 -6.87216 0.0 0
+M  V30 53 C 4.79943 -5.97554 0.0 0
+M  V30 54 C 8.28969 -8.45472 0.0 0
+M  V30 55 C 9.68222 -7.64898 0.0 0
+M  V30 56 C 8.75461 -7.64874 0.0 0
+M  V30 57 C 10.1481 -8.45466 0.0 0
+M  V30 58 C 8.75743 -9.26363 0.0 0
+M  V30 59 C 9.68729 -9.25762 0.0 0
+M  V30 60 C 7.60053 -7.5566 0.0 0
+M  V30 61 C 7.18265 -6.00297 0.0 0
+M  V30 62 C 6.94234 -6.89891 0.0 0
+M  V30 63 C 8.08146 -5.76149 0.0 0
+M  V30 64 C 8.50294 -7.31415 0.0 0
+M  V30 65 C 8.7378 -6.41443 0.0 0
+M  V30 66 Cu 5.88853 -6.67076 0.0 0 CHG=1
+M  V30 67 N 14.7639 -3.26183 0.0 0
+M  V30 68 C 15.5687 -1.86875 0.0 0
+M  V30 69 C 15.5696 -2.79636 0.0 0
+M  V30 70 C 14.7627 -1.40341 0.0 0
+M  V30 71 C 13.9547 -2.79463 0.0 0
+M  V30 72 C 13.9601 -1.86477 0.0 0
+M  V30 73 C 16.3712 -3.25748 0.0 0
+M  V30 74 C 17.1744 -2.79305 0.0 0
+M  V30 75 C 16.3751 -1.40247 0.0 0
+M  V30 76 C 17.1756 -1.8701 0.0 0
+M  V30 77 C 13.1494 -3.25953 0.0 0
+M  V30 78 C 12.3 -2.88137 0.0 0
+M  V30 79 N 11.6778 -3.57235 0.0 0
+M  V30 80 N 12.1427 -4.37757 0.0 0
+M  V30 81 N 13.0522 -4.18422 0.0 0
+M  V30 82 C 18.6788 -8.16767 0.0 0
+M  V30 83 C 18.2628 -6.61352 0.0 0
+M  V30 84 C 18.9193 -7.26883 0.0 0
+M  V30 85 C 17.3638 -6.8544 0.0 0
+M  V30 86 C 17.7762 -8.40951 0.0 0
+M  V30 87 C 17.1225 -7.74819 0.0 0
+M  V30 88 C 15.0732 -10.2764 0.0 0
+M  V30 89 C 15.49 -8.7225 0.0 0
+M  V30 90 C 15.7309 -9.61827 0.0 0
+M  V30 91 C 14.5911 -8.48162 0.0 0
+M  V30 92 C 14.1706 -10.0346 0.0 0
+M  V30 93 C 13.9352 -9.13499 0.0 0
+M  V30 94 O 16.1135 -7.88784 0.0 0
+M  V30 95 P 16.707 -6.1963 0.0 0
+M  V30 96 P 14.3513 -7.58326 0.0 0
+M  V30 97 C 17.5122 -5.7314 0.0 0
+M  V30 98 C 19.1211 -5.73293 0.0 0
+M  V30 99 C 18.3179 -6.19694 0.0 0
+M  V30 100 C 19.1217 -4.80224 0.0 0
+M  V30 101 C 17.5129 -4.79699 0.0 0
+M  V30 102 C 18.3212 -4.33727 0.0 0
+M  V30 103 C 16.4664 -5.29817 0.0 0
+M  V30 104 C 16.8842 -3.74455 0.0 0
+M  V30 105 C 17.1246 -4.64048 0.0 0
+M  V30 106 C 15.9854 -3.50306 0.0 0
+M  V30 107 C 15.564 -5.05573 0.0 0
+M  V30 108 C 15.3291 -4.156 0.0 0
+M  V30 109 C 13.546 -8.04817 0.0 0
+M  V30 110 C 11.9372 -8.04664 0.0 0
+M  V30 111 C 12.7404 -7.58262 0.0 0
+M  V30 112 C 11.9366 -8.97732 0.0 0
+M  V30 113 C 13.5454 -8.98257 0.0 0
+M  V30 114 C 12.7371 -9.4423 0.0 0
+M  V30 115 C 13.6938 -6.92579 0.0 0
+M  V30 116 C 13.2789 -5.37137 0.0 0
+M  V30 117 C 13.935 -6.02712 0.0 0
+M  V30 118 C 12.3797 -5.61164 0.0 0
+M  V30 119 C 12.7911 -7.16703 0.0 0
+M  V30 120 C 12.1378 -6.50527 0.0 0
+M  V30 121 Cu 14.7335 -5.30263 0.0 0 CHG=1
+M  V30 122 C 9.01614 -2.46561 0.0 0
+M  V30 123 C 9.0145 -0.735305 0.0 0
+M  V30 124 C 8.51545 -1.59915 0.0 0
+M  V30 125 C 10.0154 -0.734634 0.0 0
+M  V30 126 C 10.0211 -2.46493 0.0 0
+M  V30 127 C 10.5155 -1.59563 0.0 0
+M  V30 128 C 10.4929 -3.29792 0.0 0
+M  V30 END ATOM
+M  V30 BEGIN BOND
+M  V30 1 1 1 2
+M  V30 2 1 2 3
+M  V30 3 1 2 4
+M  V30 4 1 2 5
+M  V30 5 1 6 7
+M  V30 6 1 7 8
+M  V30 7 1 7 9
+M  V30 8 1 7 10
+M  V30 9 2 13 11
+M  V30 10 2 14 12
+M  V30 11 1 11 15
+M  V30 12 1 12 13
+M  V30 13 2 15 16
+M  V30 14 1 16 14
+M  V30 15 2 18 17
+M  V30 16 1 12 19
+M  V30 17 1 17 13
+M  V30 18 2 19 20
+M  V30 19 1 20 18
+M  V30 20 1 15 21
+M  V30 21 2 21 22
+M  V30 22 1 22 23
+M  V30 23 1 23 24
+M  V30 24 2 24 25
+M  V30 25 1 25 21
+M  V30 26 1 23 26
+M  V30 27 2 29 27
+M  V30 28 2 30 28
+M  V30 29 1 27 31
+M  V30 30 1 28 29
+M  V30 31 2 31 32
+M  V30 32 1 32 30
+M  V30 33 2 35 33
+M  V30 34 2 36 34
+M  V30 35 1 33 37
+M  V30 36 1 34 35
+M  V30 37 2 37 38
+M  V30 38 1 38 36
+M  V30 39 1 32 39
+M  V30 40 1 34 39
+M  V30 41 1 30 40
+M  V30 42 1 36 41
+M  V30 43 1 40 42
+M  V30 44 2 44 42
+M  V30 45 2 45 43
+M  V30 46 1 42 46
+M  V30 47 1 43 44
+M  V30 48 2 46 47
+M  V30 49 1 47 45
+M  V30 50 1 40 48
+M  V30 51 2 50 48
+M  V30 52 2 51 49
+M  V30 53 1 48 52
+M  V30 54 1 49 50
+M  V30 55 2 52 53
+M  V30 56 1 53 51
+M  V30 57 1 41 54
+M  V30 58 2 56 54
+M  V30 59 2 57 55
+M  V30 60 1 54 58
+M  V30 61 1 55 56
+M  V30 62 2 58 59
+M  V30 63 1 59 57
+M  V30 64 1 41 60
+M  V30 65 2 62 60
+M  V30 66 2 63 61
+M  V30 67 1 60 64
+M  V30 68 1 61 62
+M  V30 69 2 64 65
+M  V30 70 1 65 63
+M  V30 71 8 11 66
+M  V30 72 8 66 25
+M  V30 73 8 66 41
+M  V30 74 8 66 40
+M  V30 75 2 69 67
+M  V30 76 2 70 68
+M  V30 77 1 67 71
+M  V30 78 1 68 69
+M  V30 79 2 71 72
+M  V30 80 1 72 70
+M  V30 81 2 74 73
+M  V30 82 1 68 75
+M  V30 83 1 73 69
+M  V30 84 2 75 76
+M  V30 85 1 76 74
+M  V30 86 1 71 77
+M  V30 87 2 77 78
+M  V30 88 1 78 79
+M  V30 89 1 79 80
+M  V30 90 2 80 81
+M  V30 91 1 81 77
+M  V30 92 2 84 82
+M  V30 93 2 85 83
+M  V30 94 1 82 86
+M  V30 95 1 83 84
+M  V30 96 2 86 87
+M  V30 97 1 87 85
+M  V30 98 2 90 88
+M  V30 99 2 91 89
+M  V30 100 1 88 92
+M  V30 101 1 89 90
+M  V30 102 2 92 93
+M  V30 103 1 93 91
+M  V30 104 1 87 94
+M  V30 105 1 89 94
+M  V30 106 1 85 95
+M  V30 107 1 91 96
+M  V30 108 1 95 97
+M  V30 109 2 99 97
+M  V30 110 2 100 98
+M  V30 111 1 97 101
+M  V30 112 1 98 99
+M  V30 113 2 101 102
+M  V30 114 1 102 100
+M  V30 115 1 95 103
+M  V30 116 2 105 103
+M  V30 117 2 106 104
+M  V30 118 1 103 107
+M  V30 119 1 104 105
+M  V30 120 2 107 108
+M  V30 121 1 108 106
+M  V30 122 1 96 109
+M  V30 123 2 111 109
+M  V30 124 2 112 110
+M  V30 125 1 109 113
+M  V30 126 1 110 111
+M  V30 127 2 113 114
+M  V30 128 1 114 112
+M  V30 129 1 96 115
+M  V30 130 2 117 115
+M  V30 131 2 118 116
+M  V30 132 1 115 119
+M  V30 133 1 116 117
+M  V30 134 2 119 120
+M  V30 135 1 120 118
+M  V30 136 8 67 121
+M  V30 137 8 121 81
+M  V30 138 8 121 96
+M  V30 139 8 121 95
+M  V30 140 1 26 122
+M  V30 141 2 124 122
+M  V30 142 2 125 123
+M  V30 143 1 122 126
+M  V30 144 1 123 124
+M  V30 145 2 126 127
+M  V30 146 1 127 125
+M  V30 147 1 126 128
+M  V30 148 1 79 128
+M  V30 END BOND
+M  V30 END CTAB
+M  END
+</chemform>
+====Investigations====
+{{#experimentlist:|form=Photocatalytic_CO2_conversion_experiments|name=Photocatalytic CO2 reduction and control experiments|importFile=}}
+====Sacrificial Electron Donor====
+In this study, the experiments were done with the sacrificial electron donor {{#moleculelink:|link=VDFIVJSRRJXMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}}.
+====Additives====
+In this study, {{#moleculelink:|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}} was used as a proton donor. For one experiment, {{#moleculelink:|link=GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}} was employed instead. The catalyst {{#moleculelink:|link=YZGSKMIIVMCEFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}} was used for a control experiment.[[Category:Publication]]

New Photosensitizers Based on Heteroleptic Cu(I) Complexes and CO2 Photocatalytic Reduction with (Ni(II)(cyclam))Cl2: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 09:07, 16 April 2024

Abstract[edit | edit source]

Summary[edit | edit source]

Advances and special progress[edit | edit source]

Additional remarks[edit | edit source]

Content of the published article in detail[edit | edit source]

Catalysts[edit | edit source]

Photosensitizers[edit | edit source]

Investigations[edit | edit source]

Sacrificial Electron Donor[edit | edit source]

Additives[edit | edit source]

Investigations

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