ChemWiki - User contributions [en]

Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion to HCOOH

2024-10-18T13:12:50Z

Victor.larignon:

Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion to HCOOH

2024-10-18T13:11:38Z

Victor.larignon:

Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion to HCOOH

2024-10-18T13:10:18Z

Victor.larignon: added summary table

Toward Visible-Light Photochemical CO2‑to-CH4 Conversion in Aqueous Solutions Using Sensitized Molecular Catalysis/Cyclic voltammetry in various conditions

2024-09-13T12:59:23Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Cyclic Voltammetry experiments
|experiments={{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0 , -1.4 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=argon
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0, -1.4 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=dark
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0, -1.4 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=irr. >420, 60 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0, -1.4 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=TEA (0.05 mM), irr. >420 nm, 1 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=TEA (0.05 mM), irr. >420 nm, 60 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}
}}
The results show an increase in current when the solution is irradiated and triethylamine (TEA) is added (see condition column).

Toward Visible-Light Photochemical CO2‑to-CH4 Conversion in Aqueous Solutions Using Sensitized Molecular Catalysis/Cyclic voltammetry in various conditions

2024-09-13T12:34:20Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Cyclic Voltammetry experiments
|experiments={{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0 , -1.4 ; 1.2
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=argon
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0, -1.4 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=dark
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0, -1.4 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=irr. >420, 60 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0, -1.4 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=TEA (0.05 mM), irr. >420 nm, 1 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=TEA (0.05 mM), irr. >420 nm, 60 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}
}}
The results show an increase in current when the solution is irradiated and triethylamine (TEA) is added (see condition column).

CO2 conversion to CO

2024-09-06T13:47:58Z

Victor.larignon:

CO2 conversion to CO

2024-09-06T13:46:21Z

Victor.larignon: removed empty tables

== Importance/relevance ==
Reduction of CO2 into energy-rich compounds is an important topic that can simultaneously tackle the shortage of fossil-fuel resources and global warming.36,40,42,288 Photocatalytic CO2 reduction utilizing solar light as an energy source has been widely investigated as a key technology for the conversion of abundant solar energy to chemical energy, so-called artificial photosynthesis.

== General principles ==

== Photosensitizers ==

=== Metal-containing photosensitizers ===

=== Non-metal-containing photosensitizers ===

<chemform id="1bd68c21d0a81" smiles="C1=CC=C2N(C3=CC=C4C=CC=CC4=C3)C3C=CC=CC=3N(C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3)C2=C1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C32H22N2/c1-3-11-25-21-27(19-17-23(25)9-1)33-29-13-5-7-15-31(29)34(32-16-8-6-14-30(32)33)28-20-18-24-10-2-4-12-26(24)22-28/h1-22H" inchikey="HPIOBCHPZVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219212D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 34 40 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 7.79103 -2.77689 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 8.29102 -3.64291 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 7.79101 -4.50895 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.79102 -4.50897 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.29103 -3.64294 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 6.79104 -2.7769 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 8.29104 -5.37498 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.79108 -6.24102 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.79108 -6.24103 0.0 0
M V30 10 N 6.29106 -5.375 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 8.29111 -7.10704 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 7.79114 -7.97308 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 6.79115 -7.97309 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 6.29112 -7.10707 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 5.29106 -5.37503 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 9.29104 -5.37495 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 4.79105 -6.24105 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 3.79103 -6.24105 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 3.29103 -5.37503 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 3.79103 -4.50902 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 4.79105 -4.50902 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 9.79105 -4.50893 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 10.7911 -4.50893 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 11.2911 -5.37495 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 10.7911 -6.24096 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 9.79105 -6.24096 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 12.2911 -5.37495 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 12.7911 -6.24096 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 12.2911 -7.10697 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 11.2911 -7.10697 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 3.29105 -7.1071 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 2.29106 -7.10714 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 1.79105 -6.24112 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 2.29103 -5.37507 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 2 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 2 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 1
M V30 7 1 3 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 2 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 4
M V30 12 1 8 11
M V30 13 2 11 12
M V30 14 1 12 13
M V30 15 2 13 14
M V30 16 1 14 9
M V30 17 1 10 15
M V30 18 1 7 16
M V30 19 1 15 17
M V30 20 2 17 18
M V30 21 1 18 19
M V30 22 2 19 20
M V30 23 1 20 21
M V30 24 2 21 15
M V30 25 1 16 22
M V30 26 2 22 23
M V30 27 1 23 24
M V30 28 1 24 25
M V30 29 1 25 26
M V30 30 2 26 16
M V30 31 2 24 27
M V30 32 1 27 28
M V30 33 2 28 29
M V30 34 1 29 30
M V30 35 2 30 25
M V30 36 1 18 31
M V30 37 2 31 32
M V30 38 1 32 33
M V30 39 2 33 34
M V30 40 1 34 19
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform id="53926b969bf2" smiles="C1=CC(C2=CC=C(C3=CC=CC=C3)C=C2)=CC2OC3=CC(C4=CC=C(C5=CC=CC=C5)C=C4)=CC=C3N(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=C3)C1=2" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C46H31NO/c1-3-10-32(11-4-1)34-18-22-36(23-19-34)39-26-28-43-45(30-39)48-46-31-40(37-24-20-35(21-25-37)33-12-5-2-6-13-33)27-29-44(46)47(43)42-17-9-15-38-14-7-8-16-41(38)42/h1-31H" inchikey="IGGSSEOAGCUGDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219222D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 48 56 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 5.9 -3.89999 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.76601 -4.39999 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.76601 -5.40001 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.9 -5.90001 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 5.03399 -5.40001 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.03399 -4.39999 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 7.63206 -3.89996 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 8.49811 -4.39995 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 8.49811 -5.39996 0.0 0
M V30 10 O 7.63206 -5.89999 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 9.36417 -3.89992 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 10.2302 -4.3999 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 10.2302 -5.39992 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 9.36417 -5.89995 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 7.63204 -2.89996 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 6.76603 -2.39996 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 6.76603 -1.39994 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 7.63204 -0.899934 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 8.49806 -1.39994 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 8.49806 -2.39996 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 9.36411 -0.899912 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 10.2302 -1.3999 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 10.2302 -2.39991 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 9.36411 -2.89994 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 4.16796 -5.9 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 11.0962 -5.89991 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 4.16795 -6.89999 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 3.30191 -7.4 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 2.43588 -6.90002 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 2.4359 -5.90002 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 3.30193 -5.40002 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 11.9623 -5.39993 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 12.8283 -5.89994 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 12.8283 -6.89993 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 11.9623 -7.39991 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 11.0963 -6.89991 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 1.56986 -7.40002 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 13.6943 -7.39993 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 1.56984 -8.40001 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 0.703806 -8.90002 0.0 0
M V30 41 C -0.162219 -8.40003 0.0 0
M V30 42 C -0.162206 -7.40004 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 0.703832 -6.90003 0.0 0
M V30 44 C 14.5604 -6.89994 0.0 0
M V30 45 C 15.4264 -7.39995 0.0 0
M V30 46 C 15.4264 -8.39994 0.0 0
M V30 47 C 14.5604 -8.89993 0.0 0
M V30 48 C 13.6944 -8.39992 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 2 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 2 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 1
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 3
M V30 12 2 8 11
M V30 13 1 11 12
M V30 14 2 12 13
M V30 15 1 13 14
M V30 16 2 14 9
M V30 17 1 7 15
M V30 18 1 15 16
M V30 19 2 16 17
M V30 20 1 17 18
M V30 21 2 18 19
M V30 22 1 19 20
M V30 23 2 20 15
M V30 24 1 19 21
M V30 25 2 21 22
M V30 26 1 22 23
M V30 27 2 23 24
M V30 28 1 24 20
M V30 29 1 5 25
M V30 30 1 13 26
M V30 31 1 25 27
M V30 32 2 27 28
M V30 33 1 28 29
M V30 34 2 29 30
M V30 35 1 30 31
M V30 36 2 31 25
M V30 37 1 26 32
M V30 38 2 32 33
M V30 39 1 33 34
M V30 40 2 34 35
M V30 41 1 35 36
M V30 42 2 36 26
M V30 43 1 29 37
M V30 44 1 34 38
M V30 45 1 37 39
M V30 46 2 39 40
M V30 47 1 40 41
M V30 48 2 41 42
M V30 49 1 42 43
M V30 50 2 43 37
M V30 51 1 38 44
M V30 52 2 44 45
M V30 53 1 45 46
M V30 54 2 46 47
M V30 55 1 47 48
M V30 56 2 48 38
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform id="2fece4a137916" smiles="C(O)1=C(O)C=C(O)C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C1=2" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C14H8O5/c15-8-5-9(16)14(19)11-10(8)12(17)6-3-1-2-4-7(6)13(11)18/h1-5,15-16,19H" inchikey="BBNQQADTFFCFGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219222D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 19 21 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.4 -3.94999 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 5.26601 -4.44999 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.26601 -5.45001 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 4.4 -5.95001 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 3.53399 -5.45001 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 3.53399 -4.44999 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 6.13206 -3.94996 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.99811 -4.44995 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.99811 -5.44996 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 6.13206 -5.94999 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 7.86417 -3.94992 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.73022 -4.4499 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 8.73022 -5.44992 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 7.86417 -5.94995 0.0 0
M V30 15 O 6.13204 -2.94996 0.0 0
M V30 16 O 6.13208 -6.94999 0.0 0
M V30 17 O 4.4 -2.94999 0.0 0
M V30 18 O 2.66796 -3.95 0.0 0
M V30 19 O 4.4 -6.95001 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 2 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 2 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 1
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 3
M V30 12 2 8 11
M V30 13 1 11 12
M V30 14 2 12 13
M V30 15 1 13 14
M V30 16 2 14 9
M V30 17 2 7 15
M V30 18 2 10 16
M V30 19 1 1 17
M V30 20 1 6 18
M V30 21 1 4 19
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>
== Catalysts ==

==== Manganese-based catalysts ====

==== Iron-based catalysts ====
Iron complexes: Known for the reduction of CO2 to H2 and CO [https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cctc.201402515 <nowiki>[link to publication]</nowiki>]

<chemform id="2dae55138a2a5" smiles="C1C=CC(C2C3=N4~[Fe+3]56~N7C(=C(C8[N-]~5C(C(=C4C=C3)C3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=8)C3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=7C(=C3[N-]~6C=2C=C3)C2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1.[Cl-]" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C44H28N4.ClH.Fe/c1-5-13-29(14-6-1)41-33-21-23-35(45-33)42(30-15-7-2-8-16-30)37-25-27-39(47-37)44(32-19-11-4-12-20-32)40-28-26-38(48-40)43(31-17-9-3-10-18-31)36-24-22-34(41)46-36;;/h1-28H;1H;/q-2;;+3/p-1/b41-33-,41-34-,42-35-,42-37-,43-36-,43-38-,44-39-,44-40-;;" inchikey="ZDYSAMCSFRQDMN-YKKPBKTHSA-M" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219252D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 50 60 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 3.68671 3.81803 0.0 0
M V30 2 C -3.94934 3.81803 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 3.68671 -3.81803 0.0 0
M V30 4 C -3.94934 -3.81803 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 3.94131 2.86787 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 2.73656 4.07262 0.0 0
M V30 7 C -2.99919 4.07262 0.0 0
M V30 8 C -4.20394 2.86787 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 2.73656 -4.07262 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 3.94131 -2.86787 0.0 0
M V30 11 C -4.20394 -2.86787 0.0 0
M V30 12 C -2.99919 -4.07262 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 3.24574 2.17231 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 2.04099 3.37706 0.0 0
M V30 15 C -2.30362 3.37706 0.0 0
M V30 16 C -3.50837 2.17231 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 2.04099 -3.37706 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 3.24574 -2.17231 0.0 0
M V30 19 C -3.50837 -2.17231 0.0 0
M V30 20 C -2.30362 -3.37706 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 0.360522 2.97084 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 2.83953 0.491837 0.0 0
M V30 23 C -0.623152 2.97084 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 2.83953 -0.491837 0.0 0
M V30 25 C -3.10216 0.491837 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 0.360522 -2.97084 0.0 0
M V30 27 C -3.10216 -0.491837 0.0 0
M V30 28 C -0.623152 -2.97084 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 2.29559 2.4269 0.0 0
M V30 30 C -2.55822 2.4269 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 2.29559 -2.4269 0.0 0
M V30 32 C -2.55822 -2.4269 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 0.664494 2.03531 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 1.904 0.795809 0.0 0
M V30 35 C -0.927124 2.03531 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 1.904 -0.795809 0.0 0
M V30 37 C -2.16663 0.795809 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 0.664494 -2.03531 0.0 0
M V30 39 C -2.16663 -0.795809 0.0 0
M V30 40 C -0.927124 -2.03531 0.0 0
M V30 41 C 1.60002 1.73134 0.0 0
M V30 42 C -1.86265 1.73134 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 1.60002 -1.73134 0.0 0
M V30 44 C -1.86265 -1.73134 0.0 0
M V30 45 N -0.131315 1.45712 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 46 N 1.32581 0.0 0.0 0
M V30 47 N -1.58844 0.0 0.0 0
M V30 48 N -0.131315 -1.45712 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 49 Fe -0.0813151 -0.0565947 0.0 0 CHG=3
M V30 50 Cl 4.20394 0.103124 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 5 1
M V30 2 1 6 1
M V30 3 2 7 2
M V30 4 1 8 2
M V30 5 2 9 3
M V30 6 1 10 3
M V30 7 2 11 4
M V30 8 1 12 4
M V30 9 1 13 5
M V30 10 2 14 6
M V30 11 1 15 7
M V30 12 2 16 8
M V30 13 1 17 9
M V30 14 2 18 10
M V30 15 1 19 11
M V30 16 2 20 12
M V30 17 2 23 21
M V30 18 2 24 22
M V30 19 2 27 25
M V30 20 1 28 26
M V30 21 2 29 13
M V30 22 1 29 14
M V30 23 2 30 15
M V30 24 1 30 16
M V30 25 2 31 17
M V30 26 1 31 18
M V30 27 2 32 19
M V30 28 1 32 20
M V30 29 1 33 21
M V30 30 1 34 22
M V30 31 1 35 23
M V30 32 1 36 24
M V30 33 1 37 25
M V30 34 2 38 26
M V30 35 1 39 27
M V30 36 2 40 28
M V30 37 1 41 29
M V30 38 2 41 33
M V30 39 1 41 34
M V30 40 1 42 30
M V30 41 2 42 35
M V30 42 1 42 37
M V30 43 1 43 31
M V30 44 2 43 36
M V30 45 1 43 38
M V30 46 1 44 32
M V30 47 2 44 39
M V30 48 1 44 40
M V30 49 1 45 33
M V30 50 1 45 35
M V30 51 2 46 34
M V30 52 1 46 36
M V30 53 2 47 37
M V30 54 1 47 39
M V30 55 1 48 38
M V30 56 1 48 40
M V30 57 8 45 49
M V30 58 8 48 49
M V30 59 8 47 49
M V30 60 8 46 49
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>
==== Rhenium-based catalysts ====
Rhenium complexes are known to act as photocatalysts and electrocatalysts for reducing CO2 to CO.

Here an example DOI as reference {{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1021/ic500829p}}{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1039/D0GC04040A}} {{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1002/cptc.202100034}}

<blockquote> </blockquote>

<chemform smiles="[Re]([C-]#[O+])([C-]#[O+])([C-]#[O+])(Br)1~N2C(C3C=CC=CN=3~1)=CC=CC=2" inchikey="RWJRRORQCOMZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M" inchi="1S/C10H8N2.3CO.BrH.Re/c1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;3*1-2;;/h1-8H;;;;1H;/q;;;;;+1/p-1" float="none" width="200" height="200">
-INDIGO-01102413012D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 20 22 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 Re 0.30604 -0.00717888 0.0 0
M V30 2 C -2.34979 -1.7255 0.0 0
M V30 3 C -1.60196 -2.15112 0.0 0
M V30 4 C -0.859453 -1.71629 0.0 0
M V30 5 N -0.864771 -0.855843 0.0 0
M V30 6 C -1.6126 -0.430224 0.0 0
M V30 7 C -2.35511 -0.865054 0.0 0
M V30 8 C -1.61792 0.430223 0.0 0
M V30 9 N -0.875404 0.865052 0.0 0
M V30 10 C -0.880722 1.7255 0.0 0
M V30 11 C -1.62855 2.15112 0.0 0
M V30 12 C -2.37106 1.71629 0.0 0
M V30 13 C -2.36574 0.855842 0.0 0
M V30 14 Br 0.30604 1.31389 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 0.30604 -1.00718 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 16 C 1.16315 0.674928 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 17 C 1.17207 -0.507179 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 18 O 1.92025 1.23203 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 19 O 2.03809 -1.00718 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 20 O 0.30604 -2.00718 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 2 3
M V30 2 1 3 4
M V30 3 2 4 5
M V30 4 1 5 6
M V30 5 2 6 7
M V30 6 1 7 2
M V30 7 1 6 8
M V30 8 2 8 9
M V30 9 1 9 10
M V30 10 2 10 11
M V30 11 1 11 12
M V30 12 2 12 13
M V30 13 1 13 8
M V30 14 8 1 9
M V30 15 8 5 1
M V30 16 1 1 14
M V30 17 10 1 15
M V30 18 10 1 16
M V30 19 10 1 17
M V30 20 3 16 18
M V30 21 3 17 19
M V30 22 3 15 20
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

==== Nickel-based catalysts ====
<chemform id="4ec7cd14b6eeb" smiles="N12[Ni]N(CCNCCC1)CCCNCC2" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C10H24N4.Ni/c1-3-11-7-9-13-5-2-6-14-10-8-12-4-1;/h11-14H,1-10H2;" inchikey="WFMYWHCCMCJJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219262D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 15 16 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 0.807974 0.932969 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 1.61595 0.466485 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 1.61595 -0.466485 0.0 0
M V30 4 N 0.807974 -0.932969 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 0.807974 -1.86594 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 0.0 -2.33242 0.0 0
M V30 7 C -0.807975 -1.86594 0.0 0
M V30 8 N -0.807975 -0.932969 0.0 0
M V30 9 C -1.61595 -0.466485 0.0 0
M V30 10 C -1.61595 0.466485 0.0 0
M V30 11 N -0.807975 0.932969 0.0 0
M V30 12 C -0.807975 1.86594 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 0.0 2.33242 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 0.807974 1.86594 0.0 0
M V30 15 Ni -0.05 -0.025 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 1 8 9
M V30 9 1 9 10
M V30 10 1 10 11
M V30 11 1 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 13
M V30 13 1 13 14
M V30 14 1 1 14
M V30 15 9 1 15
M V30 16 9 8 15
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

==== Cobalt-based catalysts ====
<chemform id="8e15d05671b1e" smiles="C1N2~[Co]34(~N5=C(C=CC=C5C5N~3=CC=CC=5)C3=N~4C=CC=C3)3~N4=C(C=CC=C4C4N~3=CC=CC=4)C=2C=CC=1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/2C15H11N3.Co/c2*1-3-10-16-12(6-1)14-8-5-9-15(18-14)13-7-2-4-11-17-13;/h2*1-11H;" inchikey="KQXPYTLHISLCIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219262D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 37 46 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C -0.610215 -2.25246 0.0 0
M V30 2 C -1.02864 -3.01146 0.0 0
M V30 3 C -1.89516 -3.0286 0.0 0
M V30 4 C -2.34327 -2.28673 0.0 0
M V30 5 C -1.92485 -1.52773 0.0 0
M V30 6 N -1.05832 -1.51059 0.0 0
M V30 7 C -2.37295 -0.785863 0.0 0
M V30 8 C -3.23948 -0.802998 0.0 0
M V30 9 C -3.68758 -0.061133 0.0 0
M V30 10 C -3.26916 0.69787 0.0 0
M V30 11 C -2.40263 0.715005 0.0 0
M V30 12 N -1.95453 -0.0268602 0.0 0
M V30 13 C -1.98421 1.47401 0.0 0
M V30 14 C -2.43231 2.21587 0.0 0
M V30 15 C -2.01389 2.97488 0.0 0
M V30 16 C -1.14736 2.99201 0.0 0
M V30 17 C -0.699257 2.25014 0.0 0
M V30 18 N -1.11768 1.49114 0.0 0
M V30 19 Co 0.096926 0.00199393 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 0.604714 2.24923 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 1.02123 3.00928 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 1.88771 3.0286 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 2.33768 2.28786 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 1.92116 1.52781 0.0 0
M V30 25 N 1.05468 1.50849 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 2.37113 0.787071 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 3.23761 0.806386 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 3.68758 0.0656493 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 3.27107 -0.694402 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 2.40459 -0.713717 0.0 0
M V30 31 N 1.95462 0.0270188 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 1.98807 -1.47377 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 2.43804 -2.21451 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 2.02153 -2.97456 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 1.15505 -2.99387 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 0.705079 -2.25314 0.0 0
M V30 37 N 1.12159 -1.49308 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 2 3 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 1 6
M V30 7 1 5 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 2 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 10
M V30 11 2 10 11
M V30 12 1 11 12
M V30 13 2 7 12
M V30 14 1 11 13
M V30 15 2 13 14
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 15 16
M V30 18 1 16 17
M V30 19 2 17 18
M V30 20 1 13 18
M V30 21 2 20 21
M V30 22 1 21 22
M V30 23 2 22 23
M V30 24 1 23 24
M V30 25 2 24 25
M V30 26 1 20 25
M V30 27 1 24 26
M V30 28 1 26 27
M V30 29 2 27 28
M V30 30 1 28 29
M V30 31 2 29 30
M V30 32 1 30 31
M V30 33 2 26 31
M V30 34 1 30 32
M V30 35 2 32 33
M V30 36 1 33 34
M V30 37 2 34 35
M V30 38 1 35 36
M V30 39 2 36 37
M V30 40 1 32 37
M V30 41 8 25 19
M V30 42 8 18 19
M V30 43 8 12 19
M V30 44 8 6 19
M V30 45 8 37 19
M V30 46 8 31 19
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

== Combined Systems ==

Rhenium polypyridine complexes are known to act as photocatalysts and electrocatalysts for reducing CO2 to CO.289 A major problem with these photocatalysts is the lack of an extended absorption into the visible region. Therefore, they need to be supported by photosensitizers. The present approach is to fabricate supramolecular photocatalysts, similar to the photocatalytic H2 or O2 production systems. Supramolecular photocatalysts used in the reduction of CO2 act as both the light absorbing center and the catalytic center. Two distinct reaction mechanisms that use supramolecular photocatalysts for the reduction of CO2, are oxidative quenching (OQ) and reductive quenching (RQ).290 As shown in Fig. 56, for both mechanisms, the reduction of CO2 proceeds via the reduced form of the catalyst. Since the first supramolecular Ru–Ni complex used for the photochemical reduction of CO2 was reported by Kimura et al. in 1992,291 huge efforts had been devoted to the design of new bi- or multi-metallic analogues. Ishitani’s group have recently described the development of supramolecular photocatalysts for the photochemical reduction of CO2, 290 including Ru(II)–Re(I), Ru(II)–Ru(II), Ru(II)–Ni(II), Ru(II)–Co(III), Ir(III)–Re(I), Os(II)–Re(I), Pd(II)–Re(I), Zn(II)–Re(I), Fe(III)–Re(I), Co(II)–Re(I) and Cu(II)–Re(I) systems. Their chemical structures and photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance are presented in Fig. 57, 58 and Tables 9, 10. Therefore, in this section, we will mainly focus on the latest development of novel asymmetrical trinuclear supramolecular photocatalysts and their performance to supplement the recent review.290 Recently, Ishitani’s group synthesized two trinuclear supramolecular photocatalysts 319 and 320 (Fig. 59) containing three different metal centers Os(II)–Re(I)–Ru(II) for the first time316 via stepwise Mizoroki–Heck reactions. The energy transfer processes in these complexes were studied in detail. The key findings are: (1) highly efficient intramolecular energy transfer from an excited Re unit to an excited Ru unit was observed for both complexes, and the emission occurs mainly from excited Ru and Os units. (2) The faster energy transfer rate observed from the Re to the Ru unit, compared with from the Ru or Re to the Os unit, can be attributed to the different energy transfer mechanisms. For example, Furue et al. had reported that the intramolecular excited energy transfer in a Ru–Os dinuclear complex proceeds by a Fo¨rster mechanism,317 whereas the excited Re-Ru energy transfer proceeds via a Dexter mechanism.318 (3) In contrast to 319, the intramolecular excited Ru-Os energy transfer in 320 proceeded very slowly or did not occur, which can be attributed to the longer distance between the Ru and Os units in 320. Referring to supramolecular photocatalysts,290 dinuclear Ru–Re or Os–Re systems exhibit the best photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance reported to date for bimetallic systems. Inspired by this, two trinuclear complexes 319 and 320 were compared with their dinuclear Ru–Re and Os–Re analogues. As shown in Fig. 60a, both 319 and 320 can be used as supramolecular photocatalysts for the highly selective formation of CO. Importantly, both 319 and 320 exhibited superior catalytic ability and great durability in the CO2 reduction process. The TONs for 319 and 320. reached 3552 � 461 and 4347 � 421, respectively, after 35 h irradiation, which are higher than the summation of their parent dinuclear Ru–Re and Os–Re complexes. These two trinuclear complexes exhibit the highest TONCO for all reported photocatalytic reactions. The reason for this outstanding performance has been investigated by UV absorption measurements. As shown in Fig. 60b, upon irradiation at l 4 500 nm for 1 h, the spectrum of 319 showed a slight decrease in the band at ca. 420 to 500 nm. The spectral shape was maintained for 6 h. On the contrary, in the case of the Ru–Re analogue, the absorption band at 460 nm sharply decreased in intensity with continuous irradiation (Fig. 60c), which mainly reflects the decomposition of the Ru unit. The corresponding time courses of the absorbance changes at 460 nm for 319 and for dinuclear Ru–Re are shown in Fig. 60d. The change in the absorption intensity matched well with the time courses of photocatalytic CO formation for both catalysts (Fig. 60a). Therefore, this result indicated that the photocatalytic stability can be effectively improved by the introduction of the Os unit into the Ru–Re system. In summary, introduction of an additional photosensitising Os unit into Ru–Re systems to give trinuclear complexes 319 and 320 has two main advantages in comparison with the parent dinuclear complexes: (1) a wider range of visible light up to 730 nm can be strongly captured by the trinuclear complexes. (2) Photocatalytic durability of 319 and 320 is improved by 27% and 55%, respectively, compared with their parent dinuclear complexes.
== Sacrificial electron donors ==

<chemform smiles="N(CC)(CC)CC" inchikey="ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N" inchi="1S/C6H15N/c1-4-7(5-2)6-3/h4-6H2,1-3H3" float="none" width="200" height="200">
-INDIGO-01042416522D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 7 6 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 9.05997 -6.33177 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 8.35579 -5.63333 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 7.39895 -5.89012 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 10.0472 -6.05249 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 10.7737 -6.74539 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 8.81579 -7.28361 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 9.54063 -7.97968 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 1 1 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 1 6
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform id="d0d2e2766dbf4" smiles="C(O)CN(CCO)CCO" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C6H15NO3/c8-4-1-7(2-5-9)3-6-10/h8-10H,1-6H2" inchikey="GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="left">
-INDIGO-07072219382D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 10 9 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 6.66699 -4.9 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 7.53301 -4.4 0.0 0
M V30 3 N 8.39904 -4.9 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 9.26506 -4.4 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 10.1311 -4.9 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 8.39904 -5.9 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.53301 -6.4 0.0 0
M V30 8 O 5.80096 -4.4 0.0 0
M V30 9 O 7.53301 -7.4 0.0 0
M V30 10 O 10.9971 -4.4 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 3 6
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 7 1 1 8
M V30 8 1 7 9
M V30 9 1 5 10
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform smiles="C1C=CC2N(C)C(C3C(O)=CC=CC=3)N(C)C=2C=1" inchi="1S/C15H16N2O/c1-16-12-8-4-5-9-13(12)17(2)15(16)11-7-3-6-10-14(11)18/h3-10,15,18H,1-2H3" inchikey="NNENGKYNKIWEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172211232D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 18 20 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.72465 -5.54385 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.4332 -5.52067 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.58666 -5.01952 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.47478 -6.45404 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.76711 -6.56367 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.67618 -7.0228 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 7.35659 -5.12504 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.99722 -5.90863 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 7.42779 -6.75958 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 7.62163 -4.10793 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 7.75052 -7.6695 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 9.0283 -5.82857 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 10.4305 -4.81529 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 9.43716 -4.91806 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 11.0156 -5.62 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 9.61926 -6.64174 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 10.6123 -6.53557 0.0 0
M V30 18 O 9.23422 -7.52685 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 4
M V30 11 1 7 10
M V30 12 1 9 11
M V30 13 1 8 12
M V30 14 2 14 12
M V30 15 2 15 13
M V30 16 1 12 16
M V30 17 1 13 14
M V30 18 2 16 17
M V30 19 1 17 15
M V30 20 1 16 18
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform id="a238b2aa91b94" smiles="C1=CC=CC2N(C)C(C3=CC=CC=C3)N(C)C1=2" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C15H16N2/c1-16-13-10-6-7-11-14(13)17(2)15(16)12-8-4-3-5-9-12/h3-11,15H,1-2H3" inchikey="VDFIVJSRRJXMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="left">
-INDIGO-07072219392D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 17 19 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 3.8 -3.87499 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 4.66601 -4.37499 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.66601 -5.37501 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 3.8 -5.87501 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 2.93399 -5.37501 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 2.93399 -4.37499 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 5.61711 -4.06591 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.20492 -4.87493 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 5.6171 -5.68399 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 5.92609 -3.11484 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 5.92613 -6.63504 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 7.20492 -4.87492 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 7.70493 -4.00891 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 8.70494 -4.00891 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 9.20495 -4.87492 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 8.70494 -5.74093 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 7.70493 -5.74093 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 2 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 2 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 1
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 3
M V30 11 1 7 10
M V30 12 1 9 11
M V30 13 1 8 12
M V30 14 1 12 13
M V30 15 2 13 14
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 15 16
M V30 18 1 16 17
M V30 19 2 17 12
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform id="a64a7db0127bc" smiles="N(CC1=CC=CC=C1)1C=C(C(=O)N)CC=C1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C13H14N2O/c14-13(16)12-7-4-8-15(10-12)9-11-5-2-1-3-6-11/h1-6,8,10H,7,9H2,(H2,14,16)" inchikey="CMNUYDSETOTBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="left">
-INDIGO-07072219412D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 16 17 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 4.75 -5.57501 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 3.88399 -5.07501 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 3.88399 -4.07499 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 4.75 -3.57499 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 5.61601 -4.07499 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.61601 -5.07501 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 4.75 -6.57501 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 5.61603 -7.07501 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.48205 -6.57503 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 7.34809 -7.07504 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 7.3481 -8.07503 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 6.48208 -8.57502 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 5.61604 -8.07501 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 6.48204 -3.575 0.0 0
M V30 15 N 7.34806 -4.075 0.0 0
M V30 16 O 6.48204 -2.575 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 2 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 1
M V30 7 1 1 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 2 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 11
M V30 12 2 11 12
M V30 13 1 12 13
M V30 14 2 13 8
M V30 15 1 5 14
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 14 16
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C1C=CC2C=CC=C(C)C=2C=1" inchi="1S/C11H10/c1-9-5-4-7-10-6-2-3-8-11(9)10/h2-8H,1H3" inchikey="QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10202211512D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 11 12 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.60985 -5.77507 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.34015 -5.77459 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.47664 -5.27497 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.34015 -6.77553 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.60985 -6.78002 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.47882 -7.27503 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.20465 -5.27621 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 8.07183 -5.77655 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 7.2108 -7.27787 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 8.07403 -6.77246 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 7.20482 -4.27621 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 8 7
M V30 8 1 4 9
M V30 9 1 7 2
M V30 10 2 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 8
M V30 12 1 7 11
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>
=== Additional information/Literature ===

{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202001143}}, {{#literature:|doi=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02914}}

Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion to HCOOH

2024-09-06T13:44:19Z

Victor.larignon: removed old molecules

CO2 conversion to CO

2024-09-06T13:43:20Z

Victor.larignon:

== Importance/relevance ==
Reduction of CO2 into energy-rich compounds is an important topic that can simultaneously tackle the shortage of fossil-fuel resources and global warming.36,40,42,288 Photocatalytic CO2 reduction utilizing solar light as an energy source has been widely investigated as a key technology for the conversion of abundant solar energy to chemical energy, so-called artificial photosynthesis.

== General principles ==

== Photosensitizers ==

=== Metal-containing photosensitizers ===

=== Non-metal-containing photosensitizers ===

<chemform id="1bd68c21d0a81" smiles="C1=CC=C2N(C3=CC=C4C=CC=CC4=C3)C3C=CC=CC=3N(C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3)C2=C1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C32H22N2/c1-3-11-25-21-27(19-17-23(25)9-1)33-29-13-5-7-15-31(29)34(32-16-8-6-14-30(32)33)28-20-18-24-10-2-4-12-26(24)22-28/h1-22H" inchikey="HPIOBCHPZVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219212D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 34 40 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 7.79103 -2.77689 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 8.29102 -3.64291 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 7.79101 -4.50895 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.79102 -4.50897 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.29103 -3.64294 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 6.79104 -2.7769 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 8.29104 -5.37498 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.79108 -6.24102 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.79108 -6.24103 0.0 0
M V30 10 N 6.29106 -5.375 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 8.29111 -7.10704 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 7.79114 -7.97308 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 6.79115 -7.97309 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 6.29112 -7.10707 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 5.29106 -5.37503 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 9.29104 -5.37495 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 4.79105 -6.24105 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 3.79103 -6.24105 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 3.29103 -5.37503 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 3.79103 -4.50902 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 4.79105 -4.50902 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 9.79105 -4.50893 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 10.7911 -4.50893 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 11.2911 -5.37495 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 10.7911 -6.24096 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 9.79105 -6.24096 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 12.2911 -5.37495 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 12.7911 -6.24096 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 12.2911 -7.10697 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 11.2911 -7.10697 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 3.29105 -7.1071 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 2.29106 -7.10714 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 1.79105 -6.24112 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 2.29103 -5.37507 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 2 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 2 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 1
M V30 7 1 3 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 2 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 4
M V30 12 1 8 11
M V30 13 2 11 12
M V30 14 1 12 13
M V30 15 2 13 14
M V30 16 1 14 9
M V30 17 1 10 15
M V30 18 1 7 16
M V30 19 1 15 17
M V30 20 2 17 18
M V30 21 1 18 19
M V30 22 2 19 20
M V30 23 1 20 21
M V30 24 2 21 15
M V30 25 1 16 22
M V30 26 2 22 23
M V30 27 1 23 24
M V30 28 1 24 25
M V30 29 1 25 26
M V30 30 2 26 16
M V30 31 2 24 27
M V30 32 1 27 28
M V30 33 2 28 29
M V30 34 1 29 30
M V30 35 2 30 25
M V30 36 1 18 31
M V30 37 2 31 32
M V30 38 1 32 33
M V30 39 2 33 34
M V30 40 1 34 19
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform id="53926b969bf2" smiles="C1=CC(C2=CC=C(C3=CC=CC=C3)C=C2)=CC2OC3=CC(C4=CC=C(C5=CC=CC=C5)C=C4)=CC=C3N(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=C3)C1=2" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C46H31NO/c1-3-10-32(11-4-1)34-18-22-36(23-19-34)39-26-28-43-45(30-39)48-46-31-40(37-24-20-35(21-25-37)33-12-5-2-6-13-33)27-29-44(46)47(43)42-17-9-15-38-14-7-8-16-41(38)42/h1-31H" inchikey="IGGSSEOAGCUGDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219222D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 48 56 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 5.9 -3.89999 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.76601 -4.39999 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.76601 -5.40001 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.9 -5.90001 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 5.03399 -5.40001 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.03399 -4.39999 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 7.63206 -3.89996 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 8.49811 -4.39995 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 8.49811 -5.39996 0.0 0
M V30 10 O 7.63206 -5.89999 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 9.36417 -3.89992 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 10.2302 -4.3999 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 10.2302 -5.39992 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 9.36417 -5.89995 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 7.63204 -2.89996 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 6.76603 -2.39996 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 6.76603 -1.39994 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 7.63204 -0.899934 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 8.49806 -1.39994 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 8.49806 -2.39996 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 9.36411 -0.899912 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 10.2302 -1.3999 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 10.2302 -2.39991 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 9.36411 -2.89994 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 4.16796 -5.9 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 11.0962 -5.89991 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 4.16795 -6.89999 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 3.30191 -7.4 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 2.43588 -6.90002 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 2.4359 -5.90002 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 3.30193 -5.40002 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 11.9623 -5.39993 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 12.8283 -5.89994 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 12.8283 -6.89993 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 11.9623 -7.39991 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 11.0963 -6.89991 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 1.56986 -7.40002 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 13.6943 -7.39993 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 1.56984 -8.40001 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 0.703806 -8.90002 0.0 0
M V30 41 C -0.162219 -8.40003 0.0 0
M V30 42 C -0.162206 -7.40004 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 0.703832 -6.90003 0.0 0
M V30 44 C 14.5604 -6.89994 0.0 0
M V30 45 C 15.4264 -7.39995 0.0 0
M V30 46 C 15.4264 -8.39994 0.0 0
M V30 47 C 14.5604 -8.89993 0.0 0
M V30 48 C 13.6944 -8.39992 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 2 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 2 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 1
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 3
M V30 12 2 8 11
M V30 13 1 11 12
M V30 14 2 12 13
M V30 15 1 13 14
M V30 16 2 14 9
M V30 17 1 7 15
M V30 18 1 15 16
M V30 19 2 16 17
M V30 20 1 17 18
M V30 21 2 18 19
M V30 22 1 19 20
M V30 23 2 20 15
M V30 24 1 19 21
M V30 25 2 21 22
M V30 26 1 22 23
M V30 27 2 23 24
M V30 28 1 24 20
M V30 29 1 5 25
M V30 30 1 13 26
M V30 31 1 25 27
M V30 32 2 27 28
M V30 33 1 28 29
M V30 34 2 29 30
M V30 35 1 30 31
M V30 36 2 31 25
M V30 37 1 26 32
M V30 38 2 32 33
M V30 39 1 33 34
M V30 40 2 34 35
M V30 41 1 35 36
M V30 42 2 36 26
M V30 43 1 29 37
M V30 44 1 34 38
M V30 45 1 37 39
M V30 46 2 39 40
M V30 47 1 40 41
M V30 48 2 41 42
M V30 49 1 42 43
M V30 50 2 43 37
M V30 51 1 38 44
M V30 52 2 44 45
M V30 53 1 45 46
M V30 54 2 46 47
M V30 55 1 47 48
M V30 56 2 48 38
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform id="2fece4a137916" smiles="C(O)1=C(O)C=C(O)C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C1=2" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C14H8O5/c15-8-5-9(16)14(19)11-10(8)12(17)6-3-1-2-4-7(6)13(11)18/h1-5,15-16,19H" inchikey="BBNQQADTFFCFGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219222D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 19 21 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.4 -3.94999 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 5.26601 -4.44999 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.26601 -5.45001 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 4.4 -5.95001 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 3.53399 -5.45001 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 3.53399 -4.44999 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 6.13206 -3.94996 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.99811 -4.44995 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.99811 -5.44996 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 6.13206 -5.94999 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 7.86417 -3.94992 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.73022 -4.4499 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 8.73022 -5.44992 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 7.86417 -5.94995 0.0 0
M V30 15 O 6.13204 -2.94996 0.0 0
M V30 16 O 6.13208 -6.94999 0.0 0
M V30 17 O 4.4 -2.94999 0.0 0
M V30 18 O 2.66796 -3.95 0.0 0
M V30 19 O 4.4 -6.95001 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 2 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 2 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 1
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 3
M V30 12 2 8 11
M V30 13 1 11 12
M V30 14 2 12 13
M V30 15 1 13 14
M V30 16 2 14 9
M V30 17 2 7 15
M V30 18 2 10 16
M V30 19 1 1 17
M V30 20 1 6 18
M V30 21 1 4 19
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform id="f80a6f4ca2efb" smiles="C1=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C2CC3=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C3C3(OC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C34)C12" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C21H12Br4O4/c22-14-6-12-9(16(24)18(14)26)5-10-13(7-15(23)19(27)17(10)25)21(12)11-4-2-1-3-8(11)20(28)29-21/h1-4,6-7,9,12,26-27H,5H2" inchikey="RVPZUCVLMVAEGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219222D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 29 33 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.05 -4.49999 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 4.91601 -4.99999 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.91601 -6.0 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 4.05 -6.50001 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 3.18399 -6.0 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 3.18399 -4.99999 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 5.78206 -4.49996 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.64811 -4.99995 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.64811 -5.99996 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 5.78206 -6.49999 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 7.51416 -4.49992 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.38022 -4.9999 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 8.38022 -5.99992 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 7.51416 -6.49995 0.0 0
M V30 15 Br 9.24623 -4.49989 0.0 0
M V30 16 O 9.24624 -6.49991 0.0 0
M V30 17 Br 7.51418 -7.49995 0.0 0
M V30 18 Br 4.05 -7.50001 0.0 0
M V30 19 O 2.31796 -6.5 0.0 0
M V30 20 Br 2.31796 -4.5 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 4.97307 -3.91217 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 5.28207 -2.96108 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 6.28206 -2.96108 0.0 0
M V30 24 O 6.59105 -3.91217 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 3.3257 -3.37701 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 3.6347 -2.42592 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 4.61288 -2.21796 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 4.03281 -4.08411 0.0 0
M V30 29 O 6.98916 -2.25398 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 2 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 1
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 3
M V30 12 2 8 11
M V30 13 1 11 12
M V30 14 2 12 13
M V30 15 1 13 14
M V30 16 2 14 9
M V30 17 1 12 15
M V30 18 1 13 16
M V30 19 1 14 17
M V30 20 1 4 18
M V30 21 1 5 19
M V30 22 1 6 20
M V30 23 1 7 21
M V30 24 1 21 22
M V30 25 1 22 23
M V30 26 1 23 24
M V30 27 1 24 7
M V30 28 2 25 26
M V30 29 1 26 27
M V30 30 2 27 22
M V30 31 1 25 28
M V30 32 2 28 21
M V30 33 2 23 29
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

== Catalysts ==

==== Manganese-based catalysts ====

{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
!Entry
!CAT
!conc
!PS
!conc
!e-D
!conc
!Solvent
!lamdaexc
!irr time
!CO
!TON
!QY [%]
!further data
!link to experiment
|-
|1
|
|
|100012
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|2
|
|
|100013
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|3
|
|
|100014
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

==== Iron-based catalysts ====
Iron complexes: Known for the reduction of CO2 to H2 and CO [https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cctc.201402515 <nowiki>[link to publication]</nowiki>]

<chemform id="2dae55138a2a5" smiles="C1C=CC(C2C3=N4~[Fe+3]56~N7C(=C(C8[N-]~5C(C(=C4C=C3)C3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=8)C3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=7C(=C3[N-]~6C=2C=C3)C2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1.[Cl-]" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C44H28N4.ClH.Fe/c1-5-13-29(14-6-1)41-33-21-23-35(45-33)42(30-15-7-2-8-16-30)37-25-27-39(47-37)44(32-19-11-4-12-20-32)40-28-26-38(48-40)43(31-17-9-3-10-18-31)36-24-22-34(41)46-36;;/h1-28H;1H;/q-2;;+3/p-1/b41-33-,41-34-,42-35-,42-37-,43-36-,43-38-,44-39-,44-40-;;" inchikey="ZDYSAMCSFRQDMN-YKKPBKTHSA-M" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219252D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 50 60 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 3.68671 3.81803 0.0 0
M V30 2 C -3.94934 3.81803 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 3.68671 -3.81803 0.0 0
M V30 4 C -3.94934 -3.81803 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 3.94131 2.86787 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 2.73656 4.07262 0.0 0
M V30 7 C -2.99919 4.07262 0.0 0
M V30 8 C -4.20394 2.86787 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 2.73656 -4.07262 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 3.94131 -2.86787 0.0 0
M V30 11 C -4.20394 -2.86787 0.0 0
M V30 12 C -2.99919 -4.07262 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 3.24574 2.17231 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 2.04099 3.37706 0.0 0
M V30 15 C -2.30362 3.37706 0.0 0
M V30 16 C -3.50837 2.17231 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 2.04099 -3.37706 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 3.24574 -2.17231 0.0 0
M V30 19 C -3.50837 -2.17231 0.0 0
M V30 20 C -2.30362 -3.37706 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 0.360522 2.97084 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 2.83953 0.491837 0.0 0
M V30 23 C -0.623152 2.97084 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 2.83953 -0.491837 0.0 0
M V30 25 C -3.10216 0.491837 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 0.360522 -2.97084 0.0 0
M V30 27 C -3.10216 -0.491837 0.0 0
M V30 28 C -0.623152 -2.97084 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 2.29559 2.4269 0.0 0
M V30 30 C -2.55822 2.4269 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 2.29559 -2.4269 0.0 0
M V30 32 C -2.55822 -2.4269 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 0.664494 2.03531 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 1.904 0.795809 0.0 0
M V30 35 C -0.927124 2.03531 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 1.904 -0.795809 0.0 0
M V30 37 C -2.16663 0.795809 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 0.664494 -2.03531 0.0 0
M V30 39 C -2.16663 -0.795809 0.0 0
M V30 40 C -0.927124 -2.03531 0.0 0
M V30 41 C 1.60002 1.73134 0.0 0
M V30 42 C -1.86265 1.73134 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 1.60002 -1.73134 0.0 0
M V30 44 C -1.86265 -1.73134 0.0 0
M V30 45 N -0.131315 1.45712 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 46 N 1.32581 0.0 0.0 0
M V30 47 N -1.58844 0.0 0.0 0
M V30 48 N -0.131315 -1.45712 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 49 Fe -0.0813151 -0.0565947 0.0 0 CHG=3
M V30 50 Cl 4.20394 0.103124 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 5 1
M V30 2 1 6 1
M V30 3 2 7 2
M V30 4 1 8 2
M V30 5 2 9 3
M V30 6 1 10 3
M V30 7 2 11 4
M V30 8 1 12 4
M V30 9 1 13 5
M V30 10 2 14 6
M V30 11 1 15 7
M V30 12 2 16 8
M V30 13 1 17 9
M V30 14 2 18 10
M V30 15 1 19 11
M V30 16 2 20 12
M V30 17 2 23 21
M V30 18 2 24 22
M V30 19 2 27 25
M V30 20 1 28 26
M V30 21 2 29 13
M V30 22 1 29 14
M V30 23 2 30 15
M V30 24 1 30 16
M V30 25 2 31 17
M V30 26 1 31 18
M V30 27 2 32 19
M V30 28 1 32 20
M V30 29 1 33 21
M V30 30 1 34 22
M V30 31 1 35 23
M V30 32 1 36 24
M V30 33 1 37 25
M V30 34 2 38 26
M V30 35 1 39 27
M V30 36 2 40 28
M V30 37 1 41 29
M V30 38 2 41 33
M V30 39 1 41 34
M V30 40 1 42 30
M V30 41 2 42 35
M V30 42 1 42 37
M V30 43 1 43 31
M V30 44 2 43 36
M V30 45 1 43 38
M V30 46 1 44 32
M V30 47 2 44 39
M V30 48 1 44 40
M V30 49 1 45 33
M V30 50 1 45 35
M V30 51 2 46 34
M V30 52 1 46 36
M V30 53 2 47 37
M V30 54 1 47 39
M V30 55 1 48 38
M V30 56 1 48 40
M V30 57 8 45 49
M V30 58 8 48 49
M V30 59 8 47 49
M V30 60 8 46 49
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
!Entry
!CAT
!conc
!PS
!conc
!e-D
!conc
!Solvent
!lamdaexc
!irr time
!CO
!TON
!QY [%]
!further data
!link to experiment
|-
|1
|100005
|
|100012
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|2
|100005
|
|100013
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|3
|100005
|
|100014
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

==== Rhenium-based catalysts ====
Rhenium complexes are known to act as photocatalysts and electrocatalysts for reducing CO2 to CO.

Here an example DOI as reference {{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1021/ic500829p}}{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1039/D0GC04040A}} {{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1002/cptc.202100034}}

<blockquote> </blockquote>

<chemform smiles="[Re]([C-]#[O+])([C-]#[O+])([C-]#[O+])(Br)1~N2C(C3C=CC=CN=3~1)=CC=CC=2" inchikey="RWJRRORQCOMZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M" inchi="1S/C10H8N2.3CO.BrH.Re/c1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;3*1-2;;/h1-8H;;;;1H;/q;;;;;+1/p-1" float="none" width="200" height="200">
-INDIGO-01102413012D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 20 22 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 Re 0.30604 -0.00717888 0.0 0
M V30 2 C -2.34979 -1.7255 0.0 0
M V30 3 C -1.60196 -2.15112 0.0 0
M V30 4 C -0.859453 -1.71629 0.0 0
M V30 5 N -0.864771 -0.855843 0.0 0
M V30 6 C -1.6126 -0.430224 0.0 0
M V30 7 C -2.35511 -0.865054 0.0 0
M V30 8 C -1.61792 0.430223 0.0 0
M V30 9 N -0.875404 0.865052 0.0 0
M V30 10 C -0.880722 1.7255 0.0 0
M V30 11 C -1.62855 2.15112 0.0 0
M V30 12 C -2.37106 1.71629 0.0 0
M V30 13 C -2.36574 0.855842 0.0 0
M V30 14 Br 0.30604 1.31389 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 0.30604 -1.00718 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 16 C 1.16315 0.674928 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 17 C 1.17207 -0.507179 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 18 O 1.92025 1.23203 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 19 O 2.03809 -1.00718 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 20 O 0.30604 -2.00718 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 2 3
M V30 2 1 3 4
M V30 3 2 4 5
M V30 4 1 5 6
M V30 5 2 6 7
M V30 6 1 7 2
M V30 7 1 6 8
M V30 8 2 8 9
M V30 9 1 9 10
M V30 10 2 10 11
M V30 11 1 11 12
M V30 12 2 12 13
M V30 13 1 13 8
M V30 14 8 1 9
M V30 15 8 5 1
M V30 16 1 1 14
M V30 17 10 1 15
M V30 18 10 1 16
M V30 19 10 1 17
M V30 20 3 16 18
M V30 21 3 17 19
M V30 22 3 15 20
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
!Entry
!CAT
!conc
!PS
!conc
!e-D
!conc
!Solvent
!lamdaexc
!irr time
!CO
!TON
!QY [%]
!further data
!link to experiment
|-
|1
|100006
|
|100012
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|2
|100006
|
|100013
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|3
|100006
|
|100014
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

==== Nickel-based catalysts ====
<chemform id="4ec7cd14b6eeb" smiles="N12[Ni]N(CCNCCC1)CCCNCC2" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C10H24N4.Ni/c1-3-11-7-9-13-5-2-6-14-10-8-12-4-1;/h11-14H,1-10H2;" inchikey="WFMYWHCCMCJJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219262D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 15 16 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 0.807974 0.932969 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 1.61595 0.466485 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 1.61595 -0.466485 0.0 0
M V30 4 N 0.807974 -0.932969 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 0.807974 -1.86594 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 0.0 -2.33242 0.0 0
M V30 7 C -0.807975 -1.86594 0.0 0
M V30 8 N -0.807975 -0.932969 0.0 0
M V30 9 C -1.61595 -0.466485 0.0 0
M V30 10 C -1.61595 0.466485 0.0 0
M V30 11 N -0.807975 0.932969 0.0 0
M V30 12 C -0.807975 1.86594 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 0.0 2.33242 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 0.807974 1.86594 0.0 0
M V30 15 Ni -0.05 -0.025 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 1 8 9
M V30 9 1 9 10
M V30 10 1 10 11
M V30 11 1 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 13
M V30 13 1 13 14
M V30 14 1 1 14
M V30 15 9 1 15
M V30 16 9 8 15
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
!Entry
!CAT
!conc
!PS
!conc
!e-D
!conc
!Solvent
!lamdaexc
!irr time
!CO
!TON
!QY [%]
!further data
!link to experiment
|-
|1
|100007
|
|100012
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|2
|100007
|
|100013
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|3
|100007
|
|100014
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

==== Cobalt-based catalysts ====
<chemform id="8e15d05671b1e" smiles="C1N2~[Co]34(~N5=C(C=CC=C5C5N~3=CC=CC=5)C3=N~4C=CC=C3)3~N4=C(C=CC=C4C4N~3=CC=CC=4)C=2C=CC=1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/2C15H11N3.Co/c2*1-3-10-16-12(6-1)14-8-5-9-15(18-14)13-7-2-4-11-17-13;/h2*1-11H;" inchikey="KQXPYTLHISLCIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-07072219262D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 37 46 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C -0.610215 -2.25246 0.0 0
M V30 2 C -1.02864 -3.01146 0.0 0
M V30 3 C -1.89516 -3.0286 0.0 0
M V30 4 C -2.34327 -2.28673 0.0 0
M V30 5 C -1.92485 -1.52773 0.0 0
M V30 6 N -1.05832 -1.51059 0.0 0
M V30 7 C -2.37295 -0.785863 0.0 0
M V30 8 C -3.23948 -0.802998 0.0 0
M V30 9 C -3.68758 -0.061133 0.0 0
M V30 10 C -3.26916 0.69787 0.0 0
M V30 11 C -2.40263 0.715005 0.0 0
M V30 12 N -1.95453 -0.0268602 0.0 0
M V30 13 C -1.98421 1.47401 0.0 0
M V30 14 C -2.43231 2.21587 0.0 0
M V30 15 C -2.01389 2.97488 0.0 0
M V30 16 C -1.14736 2.99201 0.0 0
M V30 17 C -0.699257 2.25014 0.0 0
M V30 18 N -1.11768 1.49114 0.0 0
M V30 19 Co 0.096926 0.00199393 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 0.604714 2.24923 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 1.02123 3.00928 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 1.88771 3.0286 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 2.33768 2.28786 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 1.92116 1.52781 0.0 0
M V30 25 N 1.05468 1.50849 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 2.37113 0.787071 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 3.23761 0.806386 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 3.68758 0.0656493 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 3.27107 -0.694402 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 2.40459 -0.713717 0.0 0
M V30 31 N 1.95462 0.0270188 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 1.98807 -1.47377 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 2.43804 -2.21451 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 2.02153 -2.97456 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 1.15505 -2.99387 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 0.705079 -2.25314 0.0 0
M V30 37 N 1.12159 -1.49308 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 2 3 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 1 6
M V30 7 1 5 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 2 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 10
M V30 11 2 10 11
M V30 12 1 11 12
M V30 13 2 7 12
M V30 14 1 11 13
M V30 15 2 13 14
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 15 16
M V30 18 1 16 17
M V30 19 2 17 18
M V30 20 1 13 18
M V30 21 2 20 21
M V30 22 1 21 22
M V30 23 2 22 23
M V30 24 1 23 24
M V30 25 2 24 25
M V30 26 1 20 25
M V30 27 1 24 26
M V30 28 1 26 27
M V30 29 2 27 28
M V30 30 1 28 29
M V30 31 2 29 30
M V30 32 1 30 31
M V30 33 2 26 31
M V30 34 1 30 32
M V30 35 2 32 33
M V30 36 1 33 34
M V30 37 2 34 35
M V30 38 1 35 36
M V30 39 2 36 37
M V30 40 1 32 37
M V30 41 8 25 19
M V30 42 8 18 19
M V30 43 8 12 19
M V30 44 8 6 19
M V30 45 8 37 19
M V30 46 8 31 19
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
!Entry
!CAT
!conc
!PS
!conc
!e-D
!conc
!Solvent
!lamdaexc
!irr time
!CO
!TON
!QY [%]
!further data
!link to experiment
|-
|1
|100008
|
|100012
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|2
|100008
|
|100013
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|3
|100008
|
|100014
|
|100010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|-
|4
|
|
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|}

== Combined Systems ==

Rhenium polypyridine complexes are known to act as photocatalysts and electrocatalysts for reducing CO2 to CO.289 A major problem with these photocatalysts is the lack of an extended absorption into the visible region. Therefore, they need to be supported by photosensitizers. The present approach is to fabricate supramolecular photocatalysts, similar to the photocatalytic H2 or O2 production systems. Supramolecular photocatalysts used in the reduction of CO2 act as both the light absorbing center and the catalytic center. Two distinct reaction mechanisms that use supramolecular photocatalysts for the reduction of CO2, are oxidative quenching (OQ) and reductive quenching (RQ).290 As shown in Fig. 56, for both mechanisms, the reduction of CO2 proceeds via the reduced form of the catalyst. Since the first supramolecular Ru–Ni complex used for the photochemical reduction of CO2 was reported by Kimura et al. in 1992,291 huge efforts had been devoted to the design of new bi- or multi-metallic analogues. Ishitani’s group have recently described the development of supramolecular photocatalysts for the photochemical reduction of CO2, 290 including Ru(II)–Re(I), Ru(II)–Ru(II), Ru(II)–Ni(II), Ru(II)–Co(III), Ir(III)–Re(I), Os(II)–Re(I), Pd(II)–Re(I), Zn(II)–Re(I), Fe(III)–Re(I), Co(II)–Re(I) and Cu(II)–Re(I) systems. Their chemical structures and photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance are presented in Fig. 57, 58 and Tables 9, 10. Therefore, in this section, we will mainly focus on the latest development of novel asymmetrical trinuclear supramolecular photocatalysts and their performance to supplement the recent review.290 Recently, Ishitani’s group synthesized two trinuclear supramolecular photocatalysts 319 and 320 (Fig. 59) containing three different metal centers Os(II)–Re(I)–Ru(II) for the first time316 via stepwise Mizoroki–Heck reactions. The energy transfer processes in these complexes were studied in detail. The key findings are: (1) highly efficient intramolecular energy transfer from an excited Re unit to an excited Ru unit was observed for both complexes, and the emission occurs mainly from excited Ru and Os units. (2) The faster energy transfer rate observed from the Re to the Ru unit, compared with from the Ru or Re to the Os unit, can be attributed to the different energy transfer mechanisms. For example, Furue et al. had reported that the intramolecular excited energy transfer in a Ru–Os dinuclear complex proceeds by a Fo¨rster mechanism,317 whereas the excited Re-Ru energy transfer proceeds via a Dexter mechanism.318 (3) In contrast to 319, the intramolecular excited Ru-Os energy transfer in 320 proceeded very slowly or did not occur, which can be attributed to the longer distance between the Ru and Os units in 320. Referring to supramolecular photocatalysts,290 dinuclear Ru–Re or Os–Re systems exhibit the best photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance reported to date for bimetallic systems. Inspired by this, two trinuclear complexes 319 and 320 were compared with their dinuclear Ru–Re and Os–Re analogues. As shown in Fig. 60a, both 319 and 320 can be used as supramolecular photocatalysts for the highly selective formation of CO. Importantly, both 319 and 320 exhibited superior catalytic ability and great durability in the CO2 reduction process. The TONs for 319 and 320. reached 3552 � 461 and 4347 � 421, respectively, after 35 h irradiation, which are higher than the summation of their parent dinuclear Ru–Re and Os–Re complexes. These two trinuclear complexes exhibit the highest TONCO for all reported photocatalytic reactions. The reason for this outstanding performance has been investigated by UV absorption measurements. As shown in Fig. 60b, upon irradiation at l 4 500 nm for 1 h, the spectrum of 319 showed a slight decrease in the band at ca. 420 to 500 nm. The spectral shape was maintained for 6 h. On the contrary, in the case of the Ru–Re analogue, the absorption band at 460 nm sharply decreased in intensity with continuous irradiation (Fig. 60c), which mainly reflects the decomposition of the Ru unit. The corresponding time courses of the absorbance changes at 460 nm for 319 and for dinuclear Ru–Re are shown in Fig. 60d. The change in the absorption intensity matched well with the time courses of photocatalytic CO formation for both catalysts (Fig. 60a). Therefore, this result indicated that the photocatalytic stability can be effectively improved by the introduction of the Os unit into the Ru–Re system. In summary, introduction of an additional photosensitising Os unit into Ru–Re systems to give trinuclear complexes 319 and 320 has two main advantages in comparison with the parent dinuclear complexes: (1) a wider range of visible light up to 730 nm can be strongly captured by the trinuclear complexes. (2) Photocatalytic durability of 319 and 320 is improved by 27% and 55%, respectively, compared with their parent dinuclear complexes.
== Sacrificial electron donors ==

<chemform smiles="N(CC)(CC)CC" inchikey="ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N" inchi="1S/C6H15N/c1-4-7(5-2)6-3/h4-6H2,1-3H3" float="none" width="200" height="200">
-INDIGO-01042416522D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 7 6 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 9.05997 -6.33177 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 8.35579 -5.63333 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 7.39895 -5.89012 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 10.0472 -6.05249 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 10.7737 -6.74539 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 8.81579 -7.28361 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 9.54063 -7.97968 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 1 1 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 1 6
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform id="d0d2e2766dbf4" smiles="C(O)CN(CCO)CCO" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C6H15NO3/c8-4-1-7(2-5-9)3-6-10/h8-10H,1-6H2" inchikey="GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="left">
-INDIGO-07072219382D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 10 9 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 6.66699 -4.9 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 7.53301 -4.4 0.0 0
M V30 3 N 8.39904 -4.9 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 9.26506 -4.4 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 10.1311 -4.9 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 8.39904 -5.9 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.53301 -6.4 0.0 0
M V30 8 O 5.80096 -4.4 0.0 0
M V30 9 O 7.53301 -7.4 0.0 0
M V30 10 O 10.9971 -4.4 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 3 6
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 7 1 1 8
M V30 8 1 7 9
M V30 9 1 5 10
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform smiles="C1C=CC2N(C)C(C3C(O)=CC=CC=3)N(C)C=2C=1" inchi="1S/C15H16N2O/c1-16-12-8-4-5-9-13(12)17(2)15(16)11-7-3-6-10-14(11)18/h3-10,15,18H,1-2H3" inchikey="NNENGKYNKIWEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172211232D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 18 20 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.72465 -5.54385 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.4332 -5.52067 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.58666 -5.01952 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.47478 -6.45404 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.76711 -6.56367 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.67618 -7.0228 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 7.35659 -5.12504 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.99722 -5.90863 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 7.42779 -6.75958 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 7.62163 -4.10793 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 7.75052 -7.6695 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 9.0283 -5.82857 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 10.4305 -4.81529 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 9.43716 -4.91806 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 11.0156 -5.62 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 9.61926 -6.64174 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 10.6123 -6.53557 0.0 0
M V30 18 O 9.23422 -7.52685 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 4
M V30 11 1 7 10
M V30 12 1 9 11
M V30 13 1 8 12
M V30 14 2 14 12
M V30 15 2 15 13
M V30 16 1 12 16
M V30 17 1 13 14
M V30 18 2 16 17
M V30 19 1 17 15
M V30 20 1 16 18
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform id="a238b2aa91b94" smiles="C1=CC=CC2N(C)C(C3=CC=CC=C3)N(C)C1=2" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C15H16N2/c1-16-13-10-6-7-11-14(13)17(2)15(16)12-8-4-3-5-9-12/h3-11,15H,1-2H3" inchikey="VDFIVJSRRJXMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="left">
-INDIGO-07072219392D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 17 19 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 3.8 -3.87499 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 4.66601 -4.37499 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.66601 -5.37501 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 3.8 -5.87501 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 2.93399 -5.37501 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 2.93399 -4.37499 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 5.61711 -4.06591 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.20492 -4.87493 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 5.6171 -5.68399 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 5.92609 -3.11484 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 5.92613 -6.63504 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 7.20492 -4.87492 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 7.70493 -4.00891 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 8.70494 -4.00891 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 9.20495 -4.87492 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 8.70494 -5.74093 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 7.70493 -5.74093 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 2 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 2 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 1
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 3
M V30 11 1 7 10
M V30 12 1 9 11
M V30 13 1 8 12
M V30 14 1 12 13
M V30 15 2 13 14
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 15 16
M V30 18 1 16 17
M V30 19 2 17 12
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform> <chemform id="a64a7db0127bc" smiles="N(CC1=CC=CC=C1)1C=C(C(=O)N)CC=C1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/C13H14N2O/c14-13(16)12-7-4-8-15(10-12)9-11-5-2-1-3-6-11/h1-6,8,10H,7,9H2,(H2,14,16)" inchikey="CMNUYDSETOTBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="left">
-INDIGO-07072219412D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 16 17 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 4.75 -5.57501 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 3.88399 -5.07501 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 3.88399 -4.07499 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 4.75 -3.57499 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 5.61601 -4.07499 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.61601 -5.07501 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 4.75 -6.57501 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 5.61603 -7.07501 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.48205 -6.57503 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 7.34809 -7.07504 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 7.3481 -8.07503 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 6.48208 -8.57502 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 5.61604 -8.07501 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 6.48204 -3.575 0.0 0
M V30 15 N 7.34806 -4.075 0.0 0
M V30 16 O 6.48204 -2.575 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 2 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 1
M V30 7 1 1 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 2 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 11
M V30 12 2 11 12
M V30 13 1 12 13
M V30 14 2 13 8
M V30 15 1 5 14
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 14 16
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C1C=CC2C=CC=C(C)C=2C=1" inchi="1S/C11H10/c1-9-5-4-7-10-6-2-3-8-11(9)10/h2-8H,1H3" inchikey="QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10202211512D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 11 12 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.60985 -5.77507 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.34015 -5.77459 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.47664 -5.27497 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.34015 -6.77553 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.60985 -6.78002 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.47882 -7.27503 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.20465 -5.27621 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 8.07183 -5.77655 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 7.2108 -7.27787 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 8.07403 -6.77246 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 7.20482 -4.27621 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 8 7
M V30 8 1 4 9
M V30 9 1 7 2
M V30 10 2 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 8
M V30 12 1 7 11
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

{| class="wikitable"
|+
-
!Entry
!CAT
!PS
!e-D
!Solvent
!lamdaexc
!irr time
!CO
!TON
!Fara [%]
!H2
!TON
!Fara [%]
!HCO2H
!TON
!QY [%]
!CH4
!TON
!Fara [%]
!Ref
|-
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|}

=== Additional information/Literature ===

{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202001143}}, {{#literature:|doi=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02914}}

Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion to HCOOH

2024-09-06T13:42:29Z

Victor.larignon: removed old molecules

Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion to HCOOH

2024-09-06T13:38:57Z

Victor.larignon: /* Experiments */

{{BaseTemplate}}
== CO2 conversion to formic acid{{#literature:|doi=10.1039/d0gc04040a}}==
Formic acid (FA) is a simple chemical with many uses. Its applications include use as a preservative, in the leather and dyeing industry and chemical providing a C1 building block. It is also an important H2 carrier, because of its qualities as non-toxic, easily storable liquid. This also makes it directly usable in fuel cells.{{#literature:|doi=doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.199}} The global production is currently estimated at 870.000 metric tons in 2021 with a CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Report) of 3.87% in volume terms during the period 2022-2027.[https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/formic-acid-market<nowiki>] </nowiki>

Industrial production of formic acid is done mainly by carbonylation of methanol and subsequent hydrolysation of methyl formate to formic acid.{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a12_013}}

A direct approach of synthesis by hydrogenation of CO2 and using renewable energy, such as sunlight in photocatalysis, in a homogeneous environment, is the focus of this page.

== Sacrificial electron donors ==
<chemform smiles="N(CCO)(CCO)CCO" inchi="1S/C6H15NO3/c8-4-1-7(2-5-9)3-6-10/h8-10H,1-6H2" inchikey="GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172210562D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 10 9 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 7.61573 -7.01614 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 8.00917 -6.08172 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 8.21465 -7.79159 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.62364 -7.13533 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.22835 -8.03915 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 9.03721 -5.93881 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.84941 -8.71052 0.0 0
M V30 8 O 8.48656 -9.49848 0.0 0
M V30 9 O 9.38012 -5.01068 0.0 0
M V30 10 O 5.24255 -8.14109 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 1 3
M V30 3 1 1 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 2 6
M V30 6 1 3 7
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 1 6 9
M V30 9 1 5 10
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="N(CC)(CC)CC" inchi="1S/C6H15N/c1-4-7(5-2)6-3/h4-6H2,1-3H3" inchikey="ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172210542D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 7 6 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 9.05997 -6.33177 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 8.35579 -5.63333 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 7.39895 -5.89012 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 10.0472 -6.05249 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 10.7737 -6.74539 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 8.81579 -7.28361 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 9.54063 -7.97968 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 1 1 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 1 6
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C1=CC=C2N(C)C(C3C(O)=CC=CC=3)N(C)C2=C1" inchi="1S/C15H16N2O/c1-16-12-8-4-5-9-13(12)17(2)15(16)11-7-3-6-10-14(11)18/h3-10,15,18H,1-2H3" inchikey="NNENGKYNKIWEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172211072D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 18 20 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 3.75809 -4.54795 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 5.48758 -4.54746 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.62447 -4.04807 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.48758 -5.54794 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 3.75809 -5.55242 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 4.62666 -6.0472 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 6.43912 -4.23824 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.0272 -5.04763 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 6.43911 -5.85706 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 6.69781 -3.27276 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 6.57644 -6.85266 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.02673 -5.04763 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 9.52369 -4.18146 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 8.52653 -4.1812 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 10.0245 -5.04756 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 8.52955 -5.91719 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 9.52914 -5.91073 0.0 0
M V30 18 O 8.27086 -6.88267 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 3 1
M V30 2 1 4 2
M V30 3 2 1 5
M V30 4 2 2 3
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 4
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 4
M V30 11 1 7 10
M V30 12 1 9 11
M V30 13 1 8 12
M V30 14 2 14 12
M V30 15 2 15 13
M V30 16 1 12 16
M V30 17 1 13 14
M V30 18 2 16 17
M V30 19 1 17 15
M V30 20 1 16 18
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C1=CC=C2N(C)C(C3C=CC=CC=3)N(C)C2=C1" inchi="1S/C15H16N2/c1-16-13-10-6-7-11-14(13)17(2)15(16)12-8-4-3-5-9-12/h3-11,15H,1-2H3" inchikey="VDFIVJSRRJXMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172211072D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 17 19 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 3.75092 -4.641 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 5.45224 -4.75325 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.6497 -4.18789 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.39436 -5.63311 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 3.71268 -5.65773 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 4.55439 -6.13515 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 6.4014 -4.4331 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.9766 -5.26378 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 6.34211 -6.06332 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 7.97124 -5.25999 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 9.45757 -4.34824 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.45113 -4.37582 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 9.9845 -5.20201 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 8.50292 -6.12233 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 9.50944 -6.09133 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 6.59268 -6.99879 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 6.75173 -3.46193 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 3 1
M V30 2 1 4 2
M V30 3 2 1 5
M V30 4 2 2 3
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 4
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 4
M V30 11 1 8 10
M V30 12 2 12 10
M V30 13 2 13 11
M V30 14 1 10 14
M V30 15 1 11 12
M V30 16 2 14 15
M V30 17 1 15 13
M V30 18 1 9 16
M V30 19 1 7 17
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C(C1C=CC=CC=1)N1C=C(C(N)=O)CC=C1" inchi="1S/C13H14N2O/c14-13(16)12-7-4-8-15(10-12)9-11-5-2-1-3-6-11/h1-6,8,10H,7,9H2,(H2,14,16)" inchikey="CMNUYDSETOTBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172211112D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 16 17 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 6.46113 -8.3607 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 4.88161 -6.23186 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.53495 -5.73244 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.56912 -5.50501 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.82368 -6.69188 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.16623 -7.19066 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 6.14094 -7.42163 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.23922 -5.00583 0.0 0
M V30 9 O 8.22591 -5.25702 0.0 0
M V30 10 N 6.97446 -4.03416 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 5.83484 -9.11774 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.59204 -10.8267 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 6.20605 -10.0393 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 4.60381 -10.6907 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 4.84452 -8.97457 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 4.22807 -9.75997 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 4 2
M V30 2 2 5 3
M V30 3 2 2 6
M V30 4 1 3 4
M V30 5 1 6 7
M V30 6 1 7 5
M V30 7 1 7 1
M V30 8 1 3 8
M V30 9 2 8 9
M V30 10 1 8 10
M V30 11 1 1 11
M V30 12 2 13 11
M V30 13 2 14 12
M V30 14 1 11 15
M V30 15 1 12 13
M V30 16 2 15 16
M V30 17 1 16 14
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>
== Ruthenium Catalysts ==
<chemform smiles="C1C=CN2[Ru]3(OC(=O)O3)3(N4C=CC=CC=4C4C=CC=CN=43)N3C=CC=CC=3C=2C=1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/2C10H8N2.CH2O3.Ru/c2*1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;2-1(3)4;/h2*1-8H;(H2,2,3,4);/q;;;+2/p-2" inchikey="BEIFWAYVOBNDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214112D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 29 35 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 5.28906 -3.60311 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.95724 -3.72705 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.05009 -3.18532 0.0 0
M V30 4 N 7.01473 -4.68431 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 5.29875 -4.48458 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 6.15259 -5.05199 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.70229 -2.49337 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 9.21757 -2.46575 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 8.429 -2.0659 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 9.34153 -3.42541 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 7.6921 -3.34423 0.0 0
M V30 12 N 8.63032 -3.94833 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 6.03646 -6.16906 0.0 0
M V30 14 N 7.5169 -5.95752 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 6.85806 -5.65209 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 7.46425 -7.04146 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 5.9907 -7.07931 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 6.69359 -7.49646 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 8.00449 -7.3762 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 9.53398 -7.94493 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 8.78974 -7.06142 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 8.98715 -8.9089 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 7.70335 -8.20389 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 8.09857 -8.88242 0.0 0
M V30 25 Ru 8.52507 -5.36896 0.0 0
M V30 26 O 9.35344 -4.62165 0.0 0
M V30 27 O 9.33848 -6.04063 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 10.0561 -5.31072 0.0 0
M V30 29 O 11.1079 -5.29505 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 2 15 13
M V30 14 2 16 14
M V30 15 1 13 17
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 2 21 19
M V30 20 2 22 20
M V30 21 1 19 23
M V30 22 1 20 21
M V30 23 2 23 24
M V30 24 1 24 22
M V30 25 1 2 11
M V30 26 1 16 19
M V30 27 10 4 25
M V30 28 10 12 25
M V30 29 10 25 14
M V30 30 10 25 21
M V30 31 1 25 26
M V30 32 1 25 27
M V30 33 1 26 28
M V30 34 1 27 28
M V30 35 2 28 29
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

== Photosensitizers ==
<chemform smiles="C1C2C3C=CC=CN=3[Ru]3(N4C(C5C=CC=CN=53)=CC=CC=4)3(N4C=CC=CC=4C4C=CC=CN=43)N=2C=CC=1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/3C10H8N2.Ru/c3*1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;/h3*1-8H;" inchikey="BZSVVCFHMVMYCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214132D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 37 45 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 7.01072 -3.66709 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 8.46567 -3.66409 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 7.77046 -3.26885 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 8.55261 -4.48498 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.99831 -4.48834 0.0 0
M V30 6 N 8.04613 -4.95142 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 4.53924 -4.91621 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.15138 -4.95901 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 5.26668 -4.50978 0.0 0
M V30 10 N 6.29691 -5.77504 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 4.54321 -5.76102 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.35996 -6.26299 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 6.41084 -7.74028 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 7.98196 -8.24949 0.0 0
M V30 15 N 7.458 -7.41393 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 7.7065 -8.97042 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 6.31664 -8.77002 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 7.02114 -9.25145 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 8.64747 -8.35517 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 10.2569 -8.37475 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 9.22788 -7.77097 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 10.172 -9.41607 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 8.73807 -9.30161 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 9.37061 -9.77608 0.0 0
M V30 25 N 10.1295 -6.17025 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 11.7911 -5.62804 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 10.8612 -5.47731 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 11.9372 -6.45321 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 10.423 -6.76451 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 11.2893 -6.96356 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 9.75728 -3.84639 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 11.3568 -3.66502 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 10.5774 -3.33632 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 11.4448 -4.44688 0.0 0
M V30 35 N 9.75639 -4.75933 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 10.7762 -4.92966 0.0 0
M V30 37 Ru 8.40385 -6.13482 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 2 15 13
M V30 14 2 16 14
M V30 15 1 13 17
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 2 21 19
M V30 20 2 22 20
M V30 21 1 19 23
M V30 22 1 20 21
M V30 23 2 23 24
M V30 24 1 24 22
M V30 25 2 27 25
M V30 26 2 28 26
M V30 27 1 25 29
M V30 28 1 26 27
M V30 29 2 29 30
M V30 30 1 30 28
M V30 31 2 33 31
M V30 32 2 34 32
M V30 33 1 31 35
M V30 34 1 32 33
M V30 35 2 35 36
M V30 36 1 36 34
M V30 37 1 8 5
M V30 38 1 14 19
M V30 39 1 27 36
M V30 40 10 10 37
M V30 41 10 6 37
M V30 42 10 37 35
M V30 43 10 25 37
M V30 44 10 21 37
M V30 45 10 15 37
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C1C=CC2[Ir]3(N4=C(C5C=CC=CN=53)C=CC=C4)3(N4C=CC=CC=4C4C3=CC=CC=4)N3C=CC=CC=3C=2C=1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/2C11H9N.C10H8N2.Ir/c2*1-2-6-10(7-3-1)11-8-4-5-9-12-11;1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;/h2*1-9H;1-8H;" inchikey="IYTMYQIZILOEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214132D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 37 45 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.51632 -5.13936 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.06627 -4.93467 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.15818 -4.66778 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.3022 -5.79742 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.56211 -5.88143 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.34928 -6.31274 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 6.98453 -3.34073 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 8.33934 -3.25415 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 7.68802 -2.92624 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 8.46503 -4.05655 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 6.97113 -4.26477 0.0 0
M V30 12 N 7.91082 -4.66724 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 5.97037 -8.10016 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 6.8765 -6.97005 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 6.17764 -7.36012 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 7.29425 -7.20209 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 6.58715 -8.72328 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 7.38575 -8.30707 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 7.97618 -8.6897 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 9.56853 -8.63312 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 8.73266 -8.0388 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 9.49195 -9.6368 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 8.03916 -9.63547 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 8.75049 -10.0588 0.0 0
M V30 25 N 9.63626 -6.58079 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 11.4047 -6.3059 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 10.452 -5.87897 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 11.4207 -7.15882 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 9.74784 -7.24169 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 10.6478 -7.60377 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 9.56317 -3.81633 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 11.3087 -3.89914 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 10.5397 -3.3974 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 11.2289 -4.69804 0.0 0
M V30 35 N 9.4911 -4.82936 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 10.5094 -5.23649 0.0 0
M V30 37 Ir 8.21377 -6.11105 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 2 15 13
M V30 14 2 16 14
M V30 15 1 13 17
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 2 21 19
M V30 20 2 22 20
M V30 21 1 19 23
M V30 22 1 20 21
M V30 23 2 23 24
M V30 24 1 24 22
M V30 25 2 27 25
M V30 26 2 28 26
M V30 27 1 25 29
M V30 28 1 26 27
M V30 29 2 29 30
M V30 30 1 30 28
M V30 31 2 33 31
M V30 32 2 34 32
M V30 33 1 31 35
M V30 34 1 32 33
M V30 35 2 35 36
M V30 36 1 36 34
M V30 37 1 2 11
M V30 38 1 36 27
M V30 39 1 19 18
M V30 40 10 37 12
M V30 41 10 37 4
M V30 42 10 37 16
M V30 43 10 37 21
M V30 44 10 37 25
M V30 45 10 37 35
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C1C2P~[Re](C#O)(C#O)~PC3C=CC(P~[Re](C#O)(C#O)~PC4C=CC(P~[Re](C#O)(C#O)~PC(C=1)=CC=2)=CC=4)=CC=3" inchi="1S/3C6H8P2.6CO.3Re/c3*7-5-1-2-6(8)4-3-5;6*1-2;;;/h3*1-4H,7-8H2;;;;;;;;;" inchikey="YGWAVCYEYZMOLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-09022208302D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 39 42 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 12.085 -2.83481 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 12.0855 -4.56511 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 12.5851 -3.7016 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 11.0846 -4.56511 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 11.0801 -2.83481 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 10.5851 -3.70378 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.76004 -2.75981 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.76052 -4.49011 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 8.26015 -3.6266 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 6.75958 -4.49011 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 6.75509 -2.75981 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 6.26008 -3.62878 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 9.91004 -6.55981 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 9.91052 -8.29011 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 10.4101 -7.4266 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 8.90958 -8.29011 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 8.90509 -6.55981 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 8.41008 -7.42878 0.0 0
M V30 19 P 8.26004 -1.89378 0.0 0
M V30 20 P 6.25958 -5.35614 0.0 0
M V30 21 P 7.41008 -7.42878 0.0 0
M V30 22 P 11.4101 -7.4266 0.0 0
M V30 23 P 12.7926 -5.27222 0.0 0
M V30 24 P 10.373 -2.1277 0.0 0
M V30 25 Re 7.275 -6.175 0.0 0
M V30 26 Re 12.175 -6.325 0.0 0
M V30 27 Re 9.25 -2.175 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 7.775 -5.30897 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 8.275 -6.175 0.0 0
M V30 30 O 8.75 -4.68397 0.0 0
M V30 31 O 9.0 -5.71603 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 11.175 -6.325 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 11.4679 -5.61789 0.0 0
M V30 34 O 10.7517 -5.12697 0.0 0
M V30 35 O 10.25 -5.75897 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 8.99118 -3.14093 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 9.75 -3.04103 0.0 0
M V30 38 O 9.95 -3.88205 0.0 0
M V30 39 O 8.85026 -3.82474 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 2 15 13
M V30 14 2 16 14
M V30 15 1 13 17
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 1 7 19
M V30 20 1 10 20
M V30 21 1 18 21
M V30 22 1 15 22
M V30 23 1 2 23
M V30 24 1 5 24
M V30 25 8 25 20
M V30 26 8 25 21
M V30 27 8 26 22
M V30 28 8 26 23
M V30 29 8 27 24
M V30 30 8 27 19
M V30 31 1 25 28
M V30 32 1 25 29
M V30 33 3 28 30
M V30 34 3 29 31
M V30 35 1 26 32
M V30 36 1 26 33
M V30 37 3 33 34
M V30 38 3 32 35
M V30 39 1 27 36
M V30 40 1 27 37
M V30 41 3 37 38
M V30 42 3 36 39
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C(C)1C=CN2[Ru]3(N4C(C5C=C(C)C=CN=53)=CC(C)=CC=4)3(N4C=CC(C)=CC=4C4C=C(C)C=CN=43)N3C(C=2C=1)=CC(C)=CC=3" inchi="1S/3C12H12N2.Ru/c3*1-9-3-5-13-11(7-9)12-8-10(2)4-6-14-12;/h3*3-8H,1-2H3;" inchikey="OHMPMLYBTPIVII-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214132D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 43 51 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 5.01466 -5.20417 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.56403 -5.24219 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.71317 -4.85016 0.0 0
M V30 4 N 6.73054 -6.11129 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.97704 -6.02046 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.78221 -6.56146 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 6.773 -3.36151 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 8.31965 -3.59331 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 7.49902 -3.01375 0.0 0
M V30 10 N 8.0062 -4.75117 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 6.68588 -4.06553 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 7.08719 -4.69342 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 10.1272 -4.78074 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 11.6303 -4.769 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 10.9452 -4.39522 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 11.688 -5.49356 0.0 0
M V30 17 N 10.0129 -5.56831 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 11.0114 -5.95961 0.0 0
M V30 19 N 10.3176 -7.08232 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 12.004 -6.86372 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 11.1318 -6.51904 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 12.089 -7.61046 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 10.5938 -7.78507 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 11.4424 -8.05688 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 5.74948 -8.4304 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 7.24567 -8.61399 0.0 0
M V30 27 N 6.88111 -7.98991 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 7.0013 -9.43099 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 5.72232 -9.40945 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 6.40116 -9.78422 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 7.86756 -8.6635 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 9.33463 -8.4217 0.0 0
M V30 33 N 8.61181 -7.9578 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 9.30087 -9.30733 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 8.01551 -9.38801 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 8.658 -9.70378 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 4.07084 -4.59026 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 5.8705 -2.68995 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 12.63 -4.1397 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 13.1636 -8.09284 0.0 0
M V30 41 C 8.71497 -10.8107 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 6.39913 -10.889 0.0 0
M V30 43 Ru 8.40523 -6.55735 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 2 15 13
M V30 14 2 16 14
M V30 15 1 13 17
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 2 21 19
M V30 20 2 22 20
M V30 21 1 19 23
M V30 22 1 20 21
M V30 23 2 23 24
M V30 24 1 24 22
M V30 25 2 27 25
M V30 26 2 28 26
M V30 27 1 25 29
M V30 28 1 26 27
M V30 29 2 29 30
M V30 30 1 30 28
M V30 31 2 33 31
M V30 32 2 34 32
M V30 33 1 31 35
M V30 34 1 32 33
M V30 35 2 35 36
M V30 36 1 36 34
M V30 37 1 2 12
M V30 38 1 18 21
M V30 39 1 31 26
M V30 40 1 1 37
M V30 41 1 7 38
M V30 42 1 14 39
M V30 43 1 22 40
M V30 44 1 36 41
M V30 45 1 30 42
M V30 46 10 4 43
M V30 47 10 10 43
M V30 48 10 17 43
M V30 49 10 19 43
M V30 50 10 33 43
M V30 51 10 27 43
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

photosensitizer compounds

== Experiments ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Entry
!CAT
!conc
!PS
!conc
!e-D
!conc
!Solvent
!λex [nm]
!irr time [h]
!Sel [%]
!TON
!QY [%]
!reference
!link to experiment
|-
|1
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100486}}
|
| -
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|DMF
|400
|1
|69
|4
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1039/C39850000056}}
|
|-
|2
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100549}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100486|link=BZSVVCFHMVMYCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|DMF
|400
|2
| -
|326
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1016/0022-328X(90)85224-M}}
|
|-
|3
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100481|link=C([*])1C=CN2[Ru](C#O)(C#O)(Cl)(Cl)N3C=CC([*])=CC=3C=2C=1r1}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100486|link=BZSVVCFHMVMYCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|DMF
|400
|2
| -
|255
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1016/0022-328X(90)85224-M}}
|
|-
|4
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100482}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100487}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|NMP
|400
|5
|78
|21
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1002/cctc.201500494}}
|
|-
|5
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100484|link=C1C2N([*])P([Ru](C#O)(C#O)(Cl)3P(N([*])C(N=23)=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)C1C=CC=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)C1C=CC=CC=1r1}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100486|link=BZSVVCFHMVMYCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|DMF
|405
|24
|99
|380
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1002/cssc.201901326}}
|
|-
|6
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100485|link=[Ru]1(N2C=CC=CC=2C2N1=CC=CC=2)([*])12C3N(C4C1=C(N1C=CN([*])C12)C=CC=4)C=CN3[*]r1r2}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100533}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100526|link=NNENGKYNKIWEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}/{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|DMA
|500
|24
|83
|3269
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1002/chem.201905840}}
|
|}
table with several experiments

== Cobalt Catalysts ==
<chemform smiles="N12[Co]N3C4/C(/C5C=CC([*])=CC=5)=C5/C=CC(/C(/C6C=CC([*])=CC=6)=C\1/C=C/C/2=C(\C1C=CC([*])=CC=1)/C1C=C/C(=C(\C2C=CC([*])=CC=2)/C3=CC=4)/N=1)=N/5" inchi="" inchikey="" height="200px" width="300px" float="none" r1="H,F,CF3">
-INDIGO-10312214152D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 53 62 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 4.66606 -5.41111 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 3.13699 -5.95463 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.03371 -6.23064 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 3.12254 -4.98038 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.06045 -4.64109 0.0 0
M V30 6 N 5.95299 -3.81034 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 5.41638 -2.36171 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 5.1929 -3.29986 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.35765 -2.319 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 6.65796 -3.219 0.0 0
M V30 11 N 5.96236 -6.91006 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 6.52557 -8.34866 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 6.72774 -7.40045 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 5.57823 -8.414 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 5.25713 -7.49888 0.0 0
M V30 16 N 7.17976 -5.2673 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 8.73769 -4.71702 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 7.78706 -4.41879 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 8.76154 -5.67576 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 7.85817 -6.01087 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 4.27637 -3.66264 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 4.31861 -7.2329 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 7.64891 -7.02167 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 7.54636 -3.49084 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 8.29561 -2.73193 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 3.52881 -2.97276 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 3.62675 -7.94422 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 8.4275 -7.69954 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 10.1276 -8.05745 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 9.38492 -7.38899 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 9.91982 -9.04359 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 8.21719 -8.68168 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 8.96753 -9.35638 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 3.21539 -9.61054 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 3.90095 -8.89533 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 2.24988 -9.37049 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 2.66496 -7.70461 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 1.97456 -8.41606 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 1.85568 -2.52951 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 2.56694 -3.23637 0.0 0
M V30 41 C 2.11214 -1.56494 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 3.78342 -2.00311 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 3.07749 -1.30299 0.0 0
M V30 44 C 8.75865 -1.03396 0.0 0
M V30 45 C 8.03592 -1.74666 0.0 0
M V30 46 C 9.73753 -1.29952 0.0 0
M V30 47 C 9.28082 -2.99716 0.0 0
M V30 48 C 9.99807 -2.278 0.0 0
M V30 49 R# 1.41066 -0.854887 0.0 0 RGROUPS=(1 1)
M V30 50 R# 10.4702 -0.582343 0.0 0 RGROUPS=(1 1)
M V30 51 R# 10.6712 -9.70886 0.0 0 RGROUPS=(1 1)
M V30 52 R# 1.56932 -10.0793 0.0 0 RGROUPS=(1 1)
M V30 53 Co 5.90562 -5.63752 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 5
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 1
M V30 4 2 4 2
M V30 5 1 5 4
M V30 6 1 6 10
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 2 8 6
M V30 9 2 9 7
M V30 10 1 10 9
M V30 11 2 11 15
M V30 12 1 12 13
M V30 13 1 13 11
M V30 14 2 14 12
M V30 15 1 15 14
M V30 16 1 16 20
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 1 19 17
M V30 20 2 20 19
M V30 21 1 8 21
M V30 22 2 21 5
M V30 23 2 3 22
M V30 24 1 22 15
M V30 25 2 13 23
M V30 26 1 23 20
M V30 27 1 18 24
M V30 28 2 24 10
M V30 29 1 24 25
M V30 30 1 21 26
M V30 31 1 22 27
M V30 32 1 23 28
M V30 33 2 30 28
M V30 34 2 31 29
M V30 35 1 28 32
M V30 36 1 29 30
M V30 37 2 32 33
M V30 38 1 33 31
M V30 39 2 35 27
M V30 40 2 36 34
M V30 41 1 27 37
M V30 42 1 34 35
M V30 43 2 37 38
M V30 44 1 38 36
M V30 45 2 40 26
M V30 46 2 41 39
M V30 47 1 26 42
M V30 48 1 39 40
M V30 49 2 42 43
M V30 50 1 43 41
M V30 51 2 45 25
M V30 52 2 46 44
M V30 53 1 25 47
M V30 54 1 44 45
M V30 55 2 47 48
M V30 56 1 48 46
M V30 57 1 41 49
M V30 58 1 46 50
M V30 59 1 31 51
M V30 60 1 36 52
M V30 61 10 1 53
M V30 62 10 53 16
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="N1/C2=C(/C3C=CC=C[N+]=3C)\C3=CC=C4/C(/C5C=CC=C[N+]=5C)=C5/C=CC(/C(/C6C=CC=C[N+]=6C)=C6/C=C/C(=C(\C7C=CC=C[N+]=7C)/C=1C=C\2)/N/6[Co]N34)=N/5" inchi="1S/C44H37N8.Co/c1-49-25-9-5-13-37(49)41-29-17-19-31(45-29)42(38-14-6-10-26-50(38)2)33-21-23-35(47-33)44(40-16-8-12-28-52(40)4)36-24-22-34(48-36)43(32-20-18-30(41)46-32)39-15-7-11-27-51(39)3;/h5-28H,1-4H3,(H,45,46,47,48);/q+3;/p+1/b41-29+,41-30+,42-31+,42-33+,43-32+,43-34+,44-35+,44-36+;" inchikey="KKIYMZRLDGFDKM-AQZHRKEBSA-O" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214152D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 53 62 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 6.07411 -3.78312 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 5.29441 -3.19877 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.58427 -2.2377 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.56437 -2.24075 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.85005 -3.17716 0.0 0
M V30 6 N 4.55171 -5.33364 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 3.93563 -6.12599 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 3.00303 -5.81618 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 3.0223 -4.81566 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 3.96864 -4.53499 0.0 0
M V30 11 N 7.44663 -5.24136 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.07167 -4.45934 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 8.99771 -4.76637 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 8.9908 -5.7466 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 8.03854 -6.03291 0.0 0
M V30 16 N 5.97015 -6.81472 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 6.76346 -7.36764 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 6.51174 -8.31994 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 5.52651 -8.35744 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 5.20806 -7.42465 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 4.28935 -3.51867 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 4.22835 -7.13806 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 7.74609 -7.03211 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 7.78909 -3.4869 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 3.58136 -2.81245 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 8.50874 -2.79257 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 8.46869 -7.72338 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 3.52017 -7.84409 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 3.07392 -9.51586 0.0 0
M V30 30 N 3.77954 -8.81061 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 31 C 2.10691 -9.25744 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 2.54929 -7.58464 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 1.84671 -8.29636 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 10.1405 -8.16963 0.0 0
M V30 35 N 9.43521 -7.46401 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 36 C 9.88204 -9.13664 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 8.20924 -8.69426 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 8.92095 -9.39684 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 8.95499 -1.1208 0.0 0
M V30 40 N 8.24937 -1.82605 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 41 C 9.922 -1.37921 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 9.47962 -3.05202 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 10.1822 -2.3403 0.0 0
M V30 44 C 1.90959 -2.3662 0.0 0
M V30 45 N 2.61484 -3.07182 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 46 C 2.16801 -1.39919 0.0 0
M V30 47 C 3.84081 -1.84157 0.0 0
M V30 48 C 3.12909 -1.13899 0.0 0
M V30 49 C 4.74548 -9.06937 0.0 0
M V30 50 C 2.35608 -4.03776 0.0 0
M V30 51 C 7.28343 -1.56729 0.0 0
M V30 52 C 9.69397 -6.49807 0.0 0
M V30 53 Co 5.9 -5.225 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 2 3 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 1
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 2 8 9
M V30 9 1 9 10
M V30 10 1 10 6
M V30 11 1 11 12
M V30 12 2 12 13
M V30 13 1 13 14
M V30 14 2 14 15
M V30 15 1 15 11
M V30 16 1 16 17
M V30 17 1 17 18
M V30 18 2 18 19
M V30 19 1 19 20
M V30 20 2 20 16
M V30 21 1 2 21
M V30 22 2 21 10
M V30 23 2 7 22
M V30 24 1 22 20
M V30 25 2 17 23
M V30 26 1 23 15
M V30 27 1 12 24
M V30 28 2 24 5
M V30 29 1 21 25
M V30 30 1 24 26
M V30 31 1 23 27
M V30 32 1 22 28
M V30 33 2 30 28
M V30 34 2 31 29
M V30 35 1 28 32
M V30 36 1 29 30
M V30 37 2 32 33
M V30 38 1 33 31
M V30 39 2 35 27
M V30 40 2 36 34
M V30 41 1 27 37
M V30 42 1 34 35
M V30 43 2 37 38
M V30 44 1 38 36
M V30 45 2 40 26
M V30 46 2 41 39
M V30 47 1 26 42
M V30 48 1 39 40
M V30 49 2 42 43
M V30 50 1 43 41
M V30 51 2 45 25
M V30 52 2 46 44
M V30 53 1 25 47
M V30 54 1 44 45
M V30 55 2 47 48
M V30 56 1 48 46
M V30 57 1 30 49
M V30 58 1 45 50
M V30 59 1 40 51
M V30 60 1 35 52
M V30 61 10 53 6
M V30 62 10 53 11
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C12C(C)(C)C3C=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C(C4C=C5C6C=CC=C7C8C=CC=C9C%10C=CC=CN=%10[Co](N=89)(N=67)N5=CC=4)C=3OC1=C(C1C=CN3[Co]45N6=CC=CC=C6C6C=CC=C(N=64)C4C=CC=C(N=45)C=3C=1)C=C(C(C)(C)C)C=2" inchi="1S/C63H54N8O.2Co/c1-61(2,3)41-35-43(39-27-31-66-57(33-39)55-25-15-23-53(70-55)51-21-13-19-49(68-51)47-17-9-11-29-64-47)59-45(37-41)63(7,8)46-38-42(62(4,5)6)36-44(60(46)72-59)40-28-32-67-58(34-40)56-26-16-24-54(71-56)52-22-14-20-50(69-52)48-18-10-12-30-65-48;;/h9-38H,1-8H3;;" inchikey="BRMPVISUICHJBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214162D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 74 90 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.24649 -4.92114 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 4.26312 -3.08472 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 3.72673 -4.00876 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.30954 -3.08108 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 5.2866 -4.92558 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.82793 -3.99533 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 4.22835 -8.54028 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 4.23552 -6.74114 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 3.71404 -7.61045 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 5.27242 -6.7538 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 5.26579 -8.56667 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.79276 -7.66827 0.0 0
M V30 13 O 5.80717 -5.83989 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 3.73166 -5.81834 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 2.94845 -6.41891 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 2.95149 -5.161 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 3.69504 -2.23382 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 4.56843 -1.62503 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 3.07473 -1.37839 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 2.82636 -2.85309 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 3.62202 -9.3932 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 2.97315 -10.2168 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 4.46847 -10.0297 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 2.77225 -8.73768 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 6.98099 -3.98195 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 6.94919 -7.65896 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 8.21239 -6.91219 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 7.36837 -6.91789 0.0 0
M V30 29 N 8.70777 -7.54436 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 7.38651 -8.41372 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 8.28406 -8.34899 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 8.34292 -3.24299 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 7.41309 -3.19465 0.0 0
M V30 34 N 8.80523 -4.06517 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 7.43398 -4.74116 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 8.3071 -4.72458 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 8.80839 -8.98535 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 10.2587 -9.41929 0.0 0
M V30 39 N 9.76999 -8.72023 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 10.0388 -10.1609 0.0 0
M V30 41 C 8.63155 -9.80295 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 9.24261 -10.3971 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 11.1357 -9.30521 0.0 0
M V30 44 C 12.4319 -8.6033 0.0 0
M V30 45 N 11.4404 -8.57307 0.0 0
M V30 46 C 12.8026 -9.32509 0.0 0
M V30 47 C 11.5559 -10.0678 0.0 0
M V30 48 C 12.4066 -10.056 0.0 0
M V30 49 C 12.9811 -7.94142 0.0 0
M V30 50 C 13.324 -6.53445 0.0 0
M V30 51 N 12.605 -7.17276 0.0 0
M V30 52 C 14.1722 -6.76068 0.0 0
M V30 53 C 13.8101 -8.18772 0.0 0
M V30 54 C 14.4023 -7.57668 0.0 0
M V30 55 C 8.8684 -2.57269 0.0 0
M V30 56 C 9.28173 -1.10086 0.0 0
M V30 57 C 8.66665 -1.72778 0.0 0
M V30 58 C 10.1138 -1.32319 0.0 0
M V30 59 N 9.87805 -2.82324 0.0 0
M V30 60 C 10.3599 -2.08713 0.0 0
M V30 61 C 11.2666 -2.18464 0.0 0
M V30 62 C 12.5616 -1.37344 0.0 0
M V30 63 C 11.6834 -1.38366 0.0 0
M V30 64 C 13.01 -2.1294 0.0 0
M V30 65 N 11.613 -2.92256 0.0 0
M V30 66 C 12.5809 -2.91761 0.0 0
M V30 67 C 13.042 -3.65981 0.0 0
M V30 68 C 14.359 -4.39563 0.0 0
M V30 69 C 13.9123 -3.64175 0.0 0
M V30 70 C 13.9318 -5.15897 0.0 0
M V30 71 N 12.4906 -4.44246 0.0 0
M V30 72 C 13.0396 -5.18477 0.0 0
M V30 73 Co 10.637 -3.9363 0.0 0
M V30 74 Co 10.4864 -7.6263 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 1 10 13
M V30 14 1 14 8
M V30 15 1 13 5
M V30 16 1 1 14
M V30 17 1 14 15
M V30 18 1 14 16
M V30 19 1 2 17
M V30 20 1 17 18
M V30 21 1 17 19
M V30 22 1 17 20
M V30 23 1 7 21
M V30 24 1 21 22
M V30 25 1 21 23
M V30 26 1 21 24
M V30 27 1 6 25
M V30 28 1 12 26
M V30 29 2 28 26
M V30 30 2 29 27
M V30 31 1 26 30
M V30 32 1 27 28
M V30 33 2 30 31
M V30 34 1 31 29
M V30 35 2 33 25
M V30 36 2 34 32
M V30 37 1 25 35
M V30 38 1 32 33
M V30 39 2 35 36
M V30 40 1 36 34
M V30 41 1 31 37
M V30 42 2 39 37
M V30 43 2 40 38
M V30 44 1 37 41
M V30 45 1 38 39
M V30 46 2 41 42
M V30 47 1 42 40
M V30 48 1 38 43
M V30 49 2 45 43
M V30 50 2 46 44
M V30 51 1 43 47
M V30 52 1 44 45
M V30 53 2 47 48
M V30 54 1 48 46
M V30 55 1 44 49
M V30 56 2 51 49
M V30 57 2 52 50
M V30 58 1 49 53
M V30 59 1 50 51
M V30 60 2 53 54
M V30 61 1 54 52
M V30 62 1 32 55
M V30 63 2 57 55
M V30 64 2 58 56
M V30 65 1 55 59
M V30 66 1 56 57
M V30 67 2 59 60
M V30 68 1 60 58
M V30 69 1 60 61
M V30 70 2 63 61
M V30 71 2 64 62
M V30 72 1 61 65
M V30 73 1 62 63
M V30 74 2 65 66
M V30 75 1 66 64
M V30 76 1 66 67
M V30 77 2 69 67
M V30 78 2 70 68
M V30 79 1 67 71
M V30 80 1 68 69
M V30 81 2 71 72
M V30 82 1 72 70
M V30 83 10 73 34
M V30 84 10 73 59
M V30 85 10 73 65
M V30 86 10 73 71
M V30 87 10 74 29
M V30 88 10 74 39
M V30 89 10 74 45
M V30 90 10 74 51
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

== Organic and semiconductor photosensitizer ==
<chemform smiles="C1C=C(N2C3C=CC(C4C=CC(C5C=CC=CC=5)=CC=4)=CC=3OC3C=C(C4C=CC(C5C=CC=CC=5)=CC=4)C=CC2=3)C2C=CC=CC=2C=1" inchi="1S/C46H31NO/c1-3-10-32(11-4-1)34-18-22-36(23-19-34)39-26-28-43-45(30-39)48-46-31-40(37-24-20-35(21-25-37)33-12-5-2-6-13-33)27-29-44(46)47(43)42-17-9-15-38-14-7-8-16-41(38)42/h1-31H" inchikey="IGGSSEOAGCUGDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-08292214042D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 48 56 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 5.43485 -1.95007 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 7.16515 -1.94959 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.30164 -1.44997 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 7.16515 -2.95053 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 5.43485 -2.95502 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 6.30382 -3.45003 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 8.02965 -1.45121 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 8.89683 -1.95155 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 8.0358 -3.45287 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 8.89903 -2.94746 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 5.45899 -4.69999 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.45899 -5.70001 0.0 0
M V30 13 O 6.325 -6.20001 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 7.19101 -5.70001 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 7.19101 -4.69999 0.0 0
M V30 16 N 6.325 -4.19999 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 4.59529 -6.19792 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 3.72891 -5.69805 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 4.58914 -4.19812 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 3.72671 -4.70306 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 8.05471 -4.20208 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 8.92109 -4.70195 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 8.06086 -6.20188 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 8.92329 -5.69694 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 9.78931 -6.19694 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 11.5196 -6.19529 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 10.6558 -5.69625 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 11.5203 -7.19624 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 9.78999 -7.20188 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 10.6593 -7.69631 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 12.3863 -7.69624 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 14.1166 -7.69459 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 13.2528 -7.19555 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 14.1173 -8.69553 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 12.387 -8.70118 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 13.2563 -9.19561 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 2.86289 -6.19805 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 1.99916 -7.69736 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 2.86327 -7.19876 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 1.13198 -7.19747 0.0 0
M V30 41 C 1.99224 -5.69616 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 1.1294 -6.20178 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 0.291059 -7.85629 0.0 0
M V30 44 C -0.572666 -9.35559 0.0 0
M V30 45 C 0.291442 -8.857 0.0 0
M V30 46 C -1.43984 -8.8557 0.0 0
M V30 47 C -0.579586 -7.3544 0.0 0
M V30 48 C -1.44243 -7.86002 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 8 7
M V30 8 1 4 9
M V30 9 1 7 2
M V30 10 2 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 8
M V30 12 1 11 16
M V30 13 2 11 12
M V30 14 1 12 13
M V30 15 1 13 14
M V30 16 2 14 15
M V30 17 1 15 16
M V30 18 2 18 17
M V30 19 1 11 19
M V30 20 1 17 12
M V30 21 2 19 20
M V30 22 1 20 18
M V30 23 2 22 21
M V30 24 1 14 23
M V30 25 1 21 15
M V30 26 2 23 24
M V30 27 1 24 22
M V30 28 1 24 25
M V30 29 2 27 25
M V30 30 2 28 26
M V30 31 1 25 29
M V30 32 1 26 27
M V30 33 2 29 30
M V30 34 1 30 28
M V30 35 1 28 31
M V30 36 2 33 31
M V30 37 2 34 32
M V30 38 1 31 35
M V30 39 1 32 33
M V30 40 2 35 36
M V30 41 1 36 34
M V30 42 1 18 37
M V30 43 2 39 37
M V30 44 2 40 38
M V30 45 1 37 41
M V30 46 1 38 39
M V30 47 2 41 42
M V30 48 1 42 40
M V30 49 1 40 43
M V30 50 2 45 43
M V30 51 2 46 44
M V30 52 1 43 47
M V30 53 1 44 45
M V30 54 2 47 48
M V30 55 1 48 46
M V30 56 1 16 6
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="N1=C2N=C3N(~C)C4N=C5N=C(N(~C)C6N=C7NC(N(~C)~C)=NC8N7=C(N=6)N=C(N(~C)C6NC(N2=C(N=6)N=C1~C)=N3)N=8)N=C1N5=C(N=C(N(~C)~C)N1)N=4" inchi="1S/C18H11N26.8CH4/c19-2-23-12-32-6-27-4-30-10-21-1-22-11-31-5(37-16(36-4)42(10)11)28-7-33-13-24-3(20)26-15-35-9(41-18(39-7)44(13)15)29-8-34-14(25-2)43(12)17(38-6)40-8;;;;;;;;/h1H,(H10,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41);8*1H4" inchikey="NMLVQRDTQGBQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-09022208312D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 52 61 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 6.75651 -1.9436 0.0 0
M V30 2 N 8.38864 -1.94646 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 7.57778 -1.47489 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 8.38855 -2.91556 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.73221 -2.90624 0.0 0
M V30 6 N 7.5676 -3.42102 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.55788 -4.37332 0.0 0
M V30 8 N 6.66968 -4.84839 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 5.91522 -3.32373 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 5.80091 -4.22388 0.0 0
M V30 11 N 9.23201 -3.34235 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 9.33187 -4.27386 0.0 0
M V30 13 N 8.47968 -4.86999 0.0 0
M V30 14 N 3.67458 -5.93569 0.0 0
M V30 15 N 5.32304 -6.04863 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 4.62142 -5.52543 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 5.29936 -6.96481 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 3.61199 -6.94589 0.0 0
M V30 19 N 4.4369 -7.4509 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 4.45293 -8.40647 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 3.62604 -8.88753 0.0 0
M V30 22 N 2.76946 -7.41634 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 2.7732 -8.39852 0.0 0
M V30 24 N 6.17889 -7.42318 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 6.27276 -8.35419 0.0 0
M V30 26 N 5.35854 -8.90944 0.0 0
M V30 27 N 9.56316 -6.16566 0.0 0
M V30 28 N 11.2789 -6.15239 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 10.4328 -5.67146 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 11.284 -7.15585 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 9.5316 -7.12259 0.0 0
M V30 32 N 10.3745 -7.66422 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 10.384 -8.6252 0.0 0
M V30 34 N 9.42104 -9.11456 0.0 0
M V30 35 N 8.60694 -7.56675 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 8.5023 -8.49732 0.0 0
M V30 37 N 12.1505 -7.63934 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 12.1631 -8.62196 0.0 0
M V30 39 N 11.2761 -9.1487 0.0 0
M V30 40 N 4.80294 -4.59054 0.0 0
M V30 41 N 10.3846 -4.65214 0.0 0
M V30 42 N 7.48201 -8.94805 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 7.48201 -9.94805 0.0 0
M V30 44 N 13.0291 -9.12196 0.0 0
M V30 45 N 1.90717 -8.89852 0.0 0
M V30 46 C 13.0291 -10.122 0.0 0
M V30 47 C 13.8951 -8.62196 0.0 0
M V30 48 C 1.90717 -9.89852 0.0 0
M V30 49 C 1.04115 -8.39852 0.0 0
M V30 50 C 3.93692 -4.09054 0.0 0
M V30 51 C 11.2506 -4.15214 0.0 0
M V30 52 C 7.57778 -0.474889 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 3 1
M V30 2 1 4 2
M V30 3 2 1 5
M V30 4 2 2 3
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 4
M V30 7 2 8 7
M V30 8 1 5 9
M V30 9 1 7 6
M V30 10 2 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 8
M V30 12 2 12 11
M V30 13 1 11 4
M V30 14 1 7 13
M V30 15 1 13 12
M V30 16 2 16 14
M V30 17 2 17 15
M V30 18 1 14 18
M V30 19 1 15 16
M V30 20 2 18 19
M V30 21 1 19 17
M V30 22 1 21 20
M V30 23 1 18 22
M V30 24 1 20 19
M V30 25 2 22 23
M V30 26 1 23 21
M V30 27 2 25 24
M V30 28 1 24 17
M V30 29 2 20 26
M V30 30 1 26 25
M V30 31 2 29 27
M V30 32 2 30 28
M V30 33 1 27 31
M V30 34 1 28 29
M V30 35 2 31 32
M V30 36 1 32 30
M V30 37 2 34 33
M V30 38 1 31 35
M V30 39 1 33 32
M V30 40 2 35 36
M V30 41 1 36 34
M V30 42 2 38 37
M V30 43 1 37 30
M V30 44 1 33 39
M V30 45 1 39 38
M V30 46 1 10 40
M V30 47 1 40 16
M V30 48 1 12 41
M V30 49 1 41 29
M V30 50 1 25 42
M V30 51 1 42 36
M V30 52 8 42 43
M V30 53 1 38 44
M V30 54 1 23 45
M V30 55 8 44 46
M V30 56 8 44 47
M V30 57 8 45 48
M V30 58 8 45 49
M V30 59 8 40 50
M V30 60 8 41 51
M V30 61 8 3 52
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C12C=CC3C=CC=N4[Ru](N(C=1C=34)=CC=C2)1(N2C3C4N1=CC=CC=4C=CC=3C=CC=2)1N2C3C4N1=CC=CC=4C=CC=3C=CC=2" inchi="1S/3C12H8N2.Ru/c3*1-3-9-5-6-10-4-2-8-14-12(10)11(9)13-7-1;/h3*1-8H;" inchikey="DOIVPHUVGVJOMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214162D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 43 54 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 5.22493 -2.53485 0.0 0
M V30 2 N 5.22541 -4.26515 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.72503 -3.40164 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 4.22447 -4.26515 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.21998 -2.53485 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 3.72497 -3.40382 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 5.72455 -1.67134 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.72549 -1.67134 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.72998 -3.40164 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 7.22499 -2.53267 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 8.22198 -2.52753 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.72739 -3.39076 0.0 0
M V30 13 N 7.23741 -4.26832 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 8.23677 -4.25646 0.0 0
M V30 15 N 8.55696 -6.84484 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 10.0552 -5.97927 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 9.05757 -5.97834 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 10.5557 -6.84611 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 9.05943 -7.71515 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 10.0595 -7.70936 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 10.5624 -8.57021 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 10.0676 -9.43952 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 8.56258 -8.58794 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 9.07254 -9.44748 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 8.58407 -10.3159 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 7.58449 -10.3281 0.0 0
M V30 27 N 7.55899 -8.60014 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 7.0752 -9.47395 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 3.41838 -9.42435 0.0 0
M V30 30 N 4.91662 -8.55878 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 3.91899 -8.55785 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 5.41709 -9.42562 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 3.92085 -10.2947 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 4.92091 -10.2889 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 2.42074 -9.42342 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 1.92027 -8.55658 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 3.41651 -7.68754 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 2.41645 -7.69334 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 1.91352 -6.83249 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 2.40839 -5.96318 0.0 0
M V30 41 N 3.91337 -6.81476 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 3.40341 -5.95521 0.0 0
M V30 43 Ru 6.15 -6.475 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 8 7
M V30 8 1 3 9
M V30 9 1 7 1
M V30 10 2 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 8
M V30 12 2 12 11
M V30 13 1 9 13
M V30 14 1 11 10
M V30 15 2 13 14
M V30 16 1 14 12
M V30 17 2 17 15
M V30 18 2 18 16
M V30 19 1 15 19
M V30 20 1 16 17
M V30 21 2 19 20
M V30 22 1 20 18
M V30 23 2 22 21
M V30 24 1 19 23
M V30 25 1 21 20
M V30 26 2 23 24
M V30 27 1 24 22
M V30 28 2 26 25
M V30 29 1 23 27
M V30 30 1 25 24
M V30 31 2 27 28
M V30 32 1 28 26
M V30 33 2 31 29
M V30 34 2 32 30
M V30 35 1 29 33
M V30 36 1 30 31
M V30 37 2 33 34
M V30 38 1 34 32
M V30 39 2 36 35
M V30 40 1 31 37
M V30 41 1 35 29
M V30 42 2 37 38
M V30 43 1 38 36
M V30 44 2 40 39
M V30 45 1 37 41
M V30 46 1 39 38
M V30 47 2 41 42
M V30 48 1 42 40
M V30 49 10 43 41
M V30 50 10 43 30
M V30 51 10 43 27
M V30 52 10 43 15
M V30 53 10 43 13
M V30 54 10 43 2
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

== Experiments ==
__FORCETOC__
[[Category:Homogeneous photocatalytic CO2 conversion]]

Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion to HCOOH

2024-09-06T13:32:00Z

Victor.larignon: removed old molecules

{{BaseTemplate}}
== CO2 conversion to formic acid{{#literature:|doi=10.1039/d0gc04040a}}==
Formic acid (FA) is a simple chemical with many uses. Its applications include use as a preservative, in the leather and dyeing industry and chemical providing a C1 building block. It is also an important H2 carrier, because of its qualities as non-toxic, easily storable liquid. This also makes it directly usable in fuel cells.{{#literature:|doi=doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.199}} The global production is currently estimated at 870.000 metric tons in 2021 with a CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Report) of 3.87% in volume terms during the period 2022-2027.[https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/formic-acid-market<nowiki>] </nowiki>

Industrial production of formic acid is done mainly by carbonylation of methanol and subsequent hydrolysation of methyl formate to formic acid.{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a12_013}}

A direct approach of synthesis by hydrogenation of CO2 and using renewable energy, such as sunlight in photocatalysis, in a homogeneous environment, is the focus of this page.

== Sacrificial electron donors ==
<chemform smiles="N(CCO)(CCO)CCO" inchi="1S/C6H15NO3/c8-4-1-7(2-5-9)3-6-10/h8-10H,1-6H2" inchikey="GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172210562D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 10 9 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 7.61573 -7.01614 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 8.00917 -6.08172 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 8.21465 -7.79159 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.62364 -7.13533 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.22835 -8.03915 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 9.03721 -5.93881 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.84941 -8.71052 0.0 0
M V30 8 O 8.48656 -9.49848 0.0 0
M V30 9 O 9.38012 -5.01068 0.0 0
M V30 10 O 5.24255 -8.14109 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 1 3
M V30 3 1 1 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 2 6
M V30 6 1 3 7
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 1 6 9
M V30 9 1 5 10
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="N(CC)(CC)CC" inchi="1S/C6H15N/c1-4-7(5-2)6-3/h4-6H2,1-3H3" inchikey="ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172210542D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 7 6 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 9.05997 -6.33177 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 8.35579 -5.63333 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 7.39895 -5.89012 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 10.0472 -6.05249 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 10.7737 -6.74539 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 8.81579 -7.28361 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 9.54063 -7.97968 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 1 1 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 1 6
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C1=CC=C2N(C)C(C3C(O)=CC=CC=3)N(C)C2=C1" inchi="1S/C15H16N2O/c1-16-12-8-4-5-9-13(12)17(2)15(16)11-7-3-6-10-14(11)18/h3-10,15,18H,1-2H3" inchikey="NNENGKYNKIWEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172211072D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 18 20 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 3.75809 -4.54795 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 5.48758 -4.54746 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.62447 -4.04807 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.48758 -5.54794 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 3.75809 -5.55242 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 4.62666 -6.0472 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 6.43912 -4.23824 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.0272 -5.04763 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 6.43911 -5.85706 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 6.69781 -3.27276 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 6.57644 -6.85266 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.02673 -5.04763 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 9.52369 -4.18146 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 8.52653 -4.1812 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 10.0245 -5.04756 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 8.52955 -5.91719 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 9.52914 -5.91073 0.0 0
M V30 18 O 8.27086 -6.88267 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 3 1
M V30 2 1 4 2
M V30 3 2 1 5
M V30 4 2 2 3
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 4
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 4
M V30 11 1 7 10
M V30 12 1 9 11
M V30 13 1 8 12
M V30 14 2 14 12
M V30 15 2 15 13
M V30 16 1 12 16
M V30 17 1 13 14
M V30 18 2 16 17
M V30 19 1 17 15
M V30 20 1 16 18
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C1=CC=C2N(C)C(C3C=CC=CC=3)N(C)C2=C1" inchi="1S/C15H16N2/c1-16-13-10-6-7-11-14(13)17(2)15(16)12-8-4-3-5-9-12/h3-11,15H,1-2H3" inchikey="VDFIVJSRRJXMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172211072D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 17 19 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 3.75092 -4.641 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 5.45224 -4.75325 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.6497 -4.18789 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.39436 -5.63311 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 3.71268 -5.65773 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 4.55439 -6.13515 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 6.4014 -4.4331 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.9766 -5.26378 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 6.34211 -6.06332 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 7.97124 -5.25999 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 9.45757 -4.34824 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.45113 -4.37582 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 9.9845 -5.20201 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 8.50292 -6.12233 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 9.50944 -6.09133 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 6.59268 -6.99879 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 6.75173 -3.46193 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 3 1
M V30 2 1 4 2
M V30 3 2 1 5
M V30 4 2 2 3
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 4
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 1 7 8
M V30 9 1 8 9
M V30 10 1 9 4
M V30 11 1 8 10
M V30 12 2 12 10
M V30 13 2 13 11
M V30 14 1 10 14
M V30 15 1 11 12
M V30 16 2 14 15
M V30 17 1 15 13
M V30 18 1 9 16
M V30 19 1 7 17
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C(C1C=CC=CC=1)N1C=C(C(N)=O)CC=C1" inchi="1S/C13H14N2O/c14-13(16)12-7-4-8-15(10-12)9-11-5-2-1-3-6-11/h1-6,8,10H,7,9H2,(H2,14,16)" inchikey="CMNUYDSETOTBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10172211112D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 16 17 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 6.46113 -8.3607 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 4.88161 -6.23186 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.53495 -5.73244 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.56912 -5.50501 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.82368 -6.69188 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.16623 -7.19066 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 6.14094 -7.42163 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.23922 -5.00583 0.0 0
M V30 9 O 8.22591 -5.25702 0.0 0
M V30 10 N 6.97446 -4.03416 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 5.83484 -9.11774 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.59204 -10.8267 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 6.20605 -10.0393 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 4.60381 -10.6907 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 4.84452 -8.97457 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 4.22807 -9.75997 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 4 2
M V30 2 2 5 3
M V30 3 2 2 6
M V30 4 1 3 4
M V30 5 1 6 7
M V30 6 1 7 5
M V30 7 1 7 1
M V30 8 1 3 8
M V30 9 2 8 9
M V30 10 1 8 10
M V30 11 1 1 11
M V30 12 2 13 11
M V30 13 2 14 12
M V30 14 1 11 15
M V30 15 1 12 13
M V30 16 2 15 16
M V30 17 1 16 14
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>
== Ruthenium Catalysts ==
<chemform smiles="C1C=CN2[Ru]3(OC(=O)O3)3(N4C=CC=CC=4C4C=CC=CN=43)N3C=CC=CC=3C=2C=1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/2C10H8N2.CH2O3.Ru/c2*1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;2-1(3)4;/h2*1-8H;(H2,2,3,4);/q;;;+2/p-2" inchikey="BEIFWAYVOBNDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214112D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 29 35 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 5.28906 -3.60311 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.95724 -3.72705 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.05009 -3.18532 0.0 0
M V30 4 N 7.01473 -4.68431 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 5.29875 -4.48458 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 6.15259 -5.05199 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.70229 -2.49337 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 9.21757 -2.46575 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 8.429 -2.0659 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 9.34153 -3.42541 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 7.6921 -3.34423 0.0 0
M V30 12 N 8.63032 -3.94833 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 6.03646 -6.16906 0.0 0
M V30 14 N 7.5169 -5.95752 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 6.85806 -5.65209 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 7.46425 -7.04146 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 5.9907 -7.07931 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 6.69359 -7.49646 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 8.00449 -7.3762 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 9.53398 -7.94493 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 8.78974 -7.06142 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 8.98715 -8.9089 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 7.70335 -8.20389 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 8.09857 -8.88242 0.0 0
M V30 25 Ru 8.52507 -5.36896 0.0 0
M V30 26 O 9.35344 -4.62165 0.0 0
M V30 27 O 9.33848 -6.04063 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 10.0561 -5.31072 0.0 0
M V30 29 O 11.1079 -5.29505 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 2 15 13
M V30 14 2 16 14
M V30 15 1 13 17
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 2 21 19
M V30 20 2 22 20
M V30 21 1 19 23
M V30 22 1 20 21
M V30 23 2 23 24
M V30 24 1 24 22
M V30 25 1 2 11
M V30 26 1 16 19
M V30 27 10 4 25
M V30 28 10 12 25
M V30 29 10 25 14
M V30 30 10 25 21
M V30 31 1 25 26
M V30 32 1 25 27
M V30 33 1 26 28
M V30 34 1 27 28
M V30 35 2 28 29
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

== Photosensitizers ==
<chemform smiles="C1C2C3C=CC=CN=3[Ru]3(N4C(C5C=CC=CN=53)=CC=CC=4)3(N4C=CC=CC=4C4C=CC=CN=43)N=2C=CC=1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/3C10H8N2.Ru/c3*1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;/h3*1-8H;" inchikey="BZSVVCFHMVMYCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214132D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 37 45 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 7.01072 -3.66709 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 8.46567 -3.66409 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 7.77046 -3.26885 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 8.55261 -4.48498 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.99831 -4.48834 0.0 0
M V30 6 N 8.04613 -4.95142 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 4.53924 -4.91621 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.15138 -4.95901 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 5.26668 -4.50978 0.0 0
M V30 10 N 6.29691 -5.77504 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 4.54321 -5.76102 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.35996 -6.26299 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 6.41084 -7.74028 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 7.98196 -8.24949 0.0 0
M V30 15 N 7.458 -7.41393 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 7.7065 -8.97042 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 6.31664 -8.77002 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 7.02114 -9.25145 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 8.64747 -8.35517 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 10.2569 -8.37475 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 9.22788 -7.77097 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 10.172 -9.41607 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 8.73807 -9.30161 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 9.37061 -9.77608 0.0 0
M V30 25 N 10.1295 -6.17025 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 11.7911 -5.62804 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 10.8612 -5.47731 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 11.9372 -6.45321 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 10.423 -6.76451 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 11.2893 -6.96356 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 9.75728 -3.84639 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 11.3568 -3.66502 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 10.5774 -3.33632 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 11.4448 -4.44688 0.0 0
M V30 35 N 9.75639 -4.75933 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 10.7762 -4.92966 0.0 0
M V30 37 Ru 8.40385 -6.13482 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 2 15 13
M V30 14 2 16 14
M V30 15 1 13 17
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 2 21 19
M V30 20 2 22 20
M V30 21 1 19 23
M V30 22 1 20 21
M V30 23 2 23 24
M V30 24 1 24 22
M V30 25 2 27 25
M V30 26 2 28 26
M V30 27 1 25 29
M V30 28 1 26 27
M V30 29 2 29 30
M V30 30 1 30 28
M V30 31 2 33 31
M V30 32 2 34 32
M V30 33 1 31 35
M V30 34 1 32 33
M V30 35 2 35 36
M V30 36 1 36 34
M V30 37 1 8 5
M V30 38 1 14 19
M V30 39 1 27 36
M V30 40 10 10 37
M V30 41 10 6 37
M V30 42 10 37 35
M V30 43 10 25 37
M V30 44 10 21 37
M V30 45 10 15 37
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C1C=CC2[Ir]3(N4=C(C5C=CC=CN=53)C=CC=C4)3(N4C=CC=CC=4C4C3=CC=CC=4)N3C=CC=CC=3C=2C=1" isreaction="" inchi="1S/2C11H9N.C10H8N2.Ir/c2*1-2-6-10(7-3-1)11-8-4-5-9-12-11;1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;/h2*1-9H;1-8H;" inchikey="IYTMYQIZILOEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214132D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 37 45 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.51632 -5.13936 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.06627 -4.93467 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.15818 -4.66778 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.3022 -5.79742 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.56211 -5.88143 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.34928 -6.31274 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 6.98453 -3.34073 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 8.33934 -3.25415 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 7.68802 -2.92624 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 8.46503 -4.05655 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 6.97113 -4.26477 0.0 0
M V30 12 N 7.91082 -4.66724 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 5.97037 -8.10016 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 6.8765 -6.97005 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 6.17764 -7.36012 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 7.29425 -7.20209 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 6.58715 -8.72328 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 7.38575 -8.30707 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 7.97618 -8.6897 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 9.56853 -8.63312 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 8.73266 -8.0388 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 9.49195 -9.6368 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 8.03916 -9.63547 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 8.75049 -10.0588 0.0 0
M V30 25 N 9.63626 -6.58079 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 11.4047 -6.3059 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 10.452 -5.87897 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 11.4207 -7.15882 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 9.74784 -7.24169 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 10.6478 -7.60377 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 9.56317 -3.81633 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 11.3087 -3.89914 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 10.5397 -3.3974 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 11.2289 -4.69804 0.0 0
M V30 35 N 9.4911 -4.82936 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 10.5094 -5.23649 0.0 0
M V30 37 Ir 8.21377 -6.11105 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 2 15 13
M V30 14 2 16 14
M V30 15 1 13 17
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 2 21 19
M V30 20 2 22 20
M V30 21 1 19 23
M V30 22 1 20 21
M V30 23 2 23 24
M V30 24 1 24 22
M V30 25 2 27 25
M V30 26 2 28 26
M V30 27 1 25 29
M V30 28 1 26 27
M V30 29 2 29 30
M V30 30 1 30 28
M V30 31 2 33 31
M V30 32 2 34 32
M V30 33 1 31 35
M V30 34 1 32 33
M V30 35 2 35 36
M V30 36 1 36 34
M V30 37 1 2 11
M V30 38 1 36 27
M V30 39 1 19 18
M V30 40 10 37 12
M V30 41 10 37 4
M V30 42 10 37 16
M V30 43 10 37 21
M V30 44 10 37 25
M V30 45 10 37 35
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C1C2P~[Re](C#O)(C#O)~PC3C=CC(P~[Re](C#O)(C#O)~PC4C=CC(P~[Re](C#O)(C#O)~PC(C=1)=CC=2)=CC=4)=CC=3" inchi="1S/3C6H8P2.6CO.3Re/c3*7-5-1-2-6(8)4-3-5;6*1-2;;;/h3*1-4H,7-8H2;;;;;;;;;" inchikey="YGWAVCYEYZMOLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-09022208302D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 39 42 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 12.085 -2.83481 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 12.0855 -4.56511 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 12.5851 -3.7016 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 11.0846 -4.56511 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 11.0801 -2.83481 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 10.5851 -3.70378 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.76004 -2.75981 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.76052 -4.49011 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 8.26015 -3.6266 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 6.75958 -4.49011 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 6.75509 -2.75981 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 6.26008 -3.62878 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 9.91004 -6.55981 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 9.91052 -8.29011 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 10.4101 -7.4266 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 8.90958 -8.29011 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 8.90509 -6.55981 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 8.41008 -7.42878 0.0 0
M V30 19 P 8.26004 -1.89378 0.0 0
M V30 20 P 6.25958 -5.35614 0.0 0
M V30 21 P 7.41008 -7.42878 0.0 0
M V30 22 P 11.4101 -7.4266 0.0 0
M V30 23 P 12.7926 -5.27222 0.0 0
M V30 24 P 10.373 -2.1277 0.0 0
M V30 25 Re 7.275 -6.175 0.0 0
M V30 26 Re 12.175 -6.325 0.0 0
M V30 27 Re 9.25 -2.175 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 7.775 -5.30897 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 8.275 -6.175 0.0 0
M V30 30 O 8.75 -4.68397 0.0 0
M V30 31 O 9.0 -5.71603 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 11.175 -6.325 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 11.4679 -5.61789 0.0 0
M V30 34 O 10.7517 -5.12697 0.0 0
M V30 35 O 10.25 -5.75897 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 8.99118 -3.14093 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 9.75 -3.04103 0.0 0
M V30 38 O 9.95 -3.88205 0.0 0
M V30 39 O 8.85026 -3.82474 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 2 15 13
M V30 14 2 16 14
M V30 15 1 13 17
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 1 7 19
M V30 20 1 10 20
M V30 21 1 18 21
M V30 22 1 15 22
M V30 23 1 2 23
M V30 24 1 5 24
M V30 25 8 25 20
M V30 26 8 25 21
M V30 27 8 26 22
M V30 28 8 26 23
M V30 29 8 27 24
M V30 30 8 27 19
M V30 31 1 25 28
M V30 32 1 25 29
M V30 33 3 28 30
M V30 34 3 29 31
M V30 35 1 26 32
M V30 36 1 26 33
M V30 37 3 33 34
M V30 38 3 32 35
M V30 39 1 27 36
M V30 40 1 27 37
M V30 41 3 37 38
M V30 42 3 36 39
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C(C)1C=CN2[Ru]3(N4C(C5C=C(C)C=CN=53)=CC(C)=CC=4)3(N4C=CC(C)=CC=4C4C=C(C)C=CN=43)N3C(C=2C=1)=CC(C)=CC=3" inchi="1S/3C12H12N2.Ru/c3*1-9-3-5-13-11(7-9)12-8-10(2)4-6-14-12;/h3*3-8H,1-2H3;" inchikey="OHMPMLYBTPIVII-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214132D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 43 51 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 5.01466 -5.20417 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.56403 -5.24219 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.71317 -4.85016 0.0 0
M V30 4 N 6.73054 -6.11129 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.97704 -6.02046 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.78221 -6.56146 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 6.773 -3.36151 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 8.31965 -3.59331 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 7.49902 -3.01375 0.0 0
M V30 10 N 8.0062 -4.75117 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 6.68588 -4.06553 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 7.08719 -4.69342 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 10.1272 -4.78074 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 11.6303 -4.769 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 10.9452 -4.39522 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 11.688 -5.49356 0.0 0
M V30 17 N 10.0129 -5.56831 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 11.0114 -5.95961 0.0 0
M V30 19 N 10.3176 -7.08232 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 12.004 -6.86372 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 11.1318 -6.51904 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 12.089 -7.61046 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 10.5938 -7.78507 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 11.4424 -8.05688 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 5.74948 -8.4304 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 7.24567 -8.61399 0.0 0
M V30 27 N 6.88111 -7.98991 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 7.0013 -9.43099 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 5.72232 -9.40945 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 6.40116 -9.78422 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 7.86756 -8.6635 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 9.33463 -8.4217 0.0 0
M V30 33 N 8.61181 -7.9578 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 9.30087 -9.30733 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 8.01551 -9.38801 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 8.658 -9.70378 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 4.07084 -4.59026 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 5.8705 -2.68995 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 12.63 -4.1397 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 13.1636 -8.09284 0.0 0
M V30 41 C 8.71497 -10.8107 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 6.39913 -10.889 0.0 0
M V30 43 Ru 8.40523 -6.55735 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 2 15 13
M V30 14 2 16 14
M V30 15 1 13 17
M V30 16 1 14 15
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 2 21 19
M V30 20 2 22 20
M V30 21 1 19 23
M V30 22 1 20 21
M V30 23 2 23 24
M V30 24 1 24 22
M V30 25 2 27 25
M V30 26 2 28 26
M V30 27 1 25 29
M V30 28 1 26 27
M V30 29 2 29 30
M V30 30 1 30 28
M V30 31 2 33 31
M V30 32 2 34 32
M V30 33 1 31 35
M V30 34 1 32 33
M V30 35 2 35 36
M V30 36 1 36 34
M V30 37 1 2 12
M V30 38 1 18 21
M V30 39 1 31 26
M V30 40 1 1 37
M V30 41 1 7 38
M V30 42 1 14 39
M V30 43 1 22 40
M V30 44 1 36 41
M V30 45 1 30 42
M V30 46 10 4 43
M V30 47 10 10 43
M V30 48 10 17 43
M V30 49 10 19 43
M V30 50 10 33 43
M V30 51 10 27 43
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

photosensitizer compounds

== Experiments ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Entry
!CAT
!conc
!PS
!conc
!e-D
!conc
!Solvent
!λex [nm]
!irr time [h]
!Sel [%]
!TON
!QY [%]
!reference
!link to experiment
|-
|1
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100486}}
|
| -
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|DMF
|400
|1
|69
|4
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1039/C39850000056}}
|
|-
|2
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100549}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100486|link=BZSVVCFHMVMYCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|DMF
|400
|2
| -
|326
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1016/0022-328X(90)85224-M}}
|
|-
|3
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100481|link=C([*])1C=CN2[Ru](C#O)(C#O)(Cl)(Cl)N3C=CC([*])=CC=3C=2C=1r1}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100486|link=BZSVVCFHMVMYCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|DMF
|400
|2
| -
|255
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1016/0022-328X(90)85224-M}}
|
|-
|4
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100482}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100487}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|NMP
|400
|5
|78
|21
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1002/cctc.201500494}}
|
|-
|5
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100484|link=C1C2N([*])P([Ru](C#O)(C#O)(Cl)3P(N([*])C(N=23)=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)C1C=CC=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)C1C=CC=CC=1r1}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100486|link=BZSVVCFHMVMYCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|DMF
|405
|24
|99
|380
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1002/cssc.201901326}}
|
|-
|6
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100485|link=[Ru]1(N2C=CC=CC=2C2N1=CC=CC=2)([*])12C3N(C4C1=C(N1C=CN([*])C12)C=CC=4)C=CN3[*]r1r2}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100533}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100526|link=NNENGKYNKIWEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}/{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|DMA
|500
|24
|83
|3269
|
|{{#literature:|doi=10.1002/chem.201905840}}
|
|}
table with several experiments

== Cobalt Catalysts ==
<chemform smiles="N12[Co]N3C4/C(/C5C=CC([*])=CC=5)=C5/C=CC(/C(/C6C=CC([*])=CC=6)=C\1/C=C/C/2=C(\C1C=CC([*])=CC=1)/C1C=C/C(=C(\C2C=CC([*])=CC=2)/C3=CC=4)/N=1)=N/5" inchi="" inchikey="" height="200px" width="300px" float="none" r1="H,F,CF3">
-INDIGO-10312214152D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 53 62 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 4.66606 -5.41111 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 3.13699 -5.95463 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.03371 -6.23064 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 3.12254 -4.98038 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.06045 -4.64109 0.0 0
M V30 6 N 5.95299 -3.81034 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 5.41638 -2.36171 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 5.1929 -3.29986 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.35765 -2.319 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 6.65796 -3.219 0.0 0
M V30 11 N 5.96236 -6.91006 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 6.52557 -8.34866 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 6.72774 -7.40045 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 5.57823 -8.414 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 5.25713 -7.49888 0.0 0
M V30 16 N 7.17976 -5.2673 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 8.73769 -4.71702 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 7.78706 -4.41879 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 8.76154 -5.67576 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 7.85817 -6.01087 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 4.27637 -3.66264 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 4.31861 -7.2329 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 7.64891 -7.02167 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 7.54636 -3.49084 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 8.29561 -2.73193 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 3.52881 -2.97276 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 3.62675 -7.94422 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 8.4275 -7.69954 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 10.1276 -8.05745 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 9.38492 -7.38899 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 9.91982 -9.04359 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 8.21719 -8.68168 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 8.96753 -9.35638 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 3.21539 -9.61054 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 3.90095 -8.89533 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 2.24988 -9.37049 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 2.66496 -7.70461 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 1.97456 -8.41606 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 1.85568 -2.52951 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 2.56694 -3.23637 0.0 0
M V30 41 C 2.11214 -1.56494 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 3.78342 -2.00311 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 3.07749 -1.30299 0.0 0
M V30 44 C 8.75865 -1.03396 0.0 0
M V30 45 C 8.03592 -1.74666 0.0 0
M V30 46 C 9.73753 -1.29952 0.0 0
M V30 47 C 9.28082 -2.99716 0.0 0
M V30 48 C 9.99807 -2.278 0.0 0
M V30 49 R# 1.41066 -0.854887 0.0 0 RGROUPS=(1 1)
M V30 50 R# 10.4702 -0.582343 0.0 0 RGROUPS=(1 1)
M V30 51 R# 10.6712 -9.70886 0.0 0 RGROUPS=(1 1)
M V30 52 R# 1.56932 -10.0793 0.0 0 RGROUPS=(1 1)
M V30 53 Co 5.90562 -5.63752 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 5
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 1 3 1
M V30 4 2 4 2
M V30 5 1 5 4
M V30 6 1 6 10
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 2 8 6
M V30 9 2 9 7
M V30 10 1 10 9
M V30 11 2 11 15
M V30 12 1 12 13
M V30 13 1 13 11
M V30 14 2 14 12
M V30 15 1 15 14
M V30 16 1 16 20
M V30 17 2 17 18
M V30 18 1 18 16
M V30 19 1 19 17
M V30 20 2 20 19
M V30 21 1 8 21
M V30 22 2 21 5
M V30 23 2 3 22
M V30 24 1 22 15
M V30 25 2 13 23
M V30 26 1 23 20
M V30 27 1 18 24
M V30 28 2 24 10
M V30 29 1 24 25
M V30 30 1 21 26
M V30 31 1 22 27
M V30 32 1 23 28
M V30 33 2 30 28
M V30 34 2 31 29
M V30 35 1 28 32
M V30 36 1 29 30
M V30 37 2 32 33
M V30 38 1 33 31
M V30 39 2 35 27
M V30 40 2 36 34
M V30 41 1 27 37
M V30 42 1 34 35
M V30 43 2 37 38
M V30 44 1 38 36
M V30 45 2 40 26
M V30 46 2 41 39
M V30 47 1 26 42
M V30 48 1 39 40
M V30 49 2 42 43
M V30 50 1 43 41
M V30 51 2 45 25
M V30 52 2 46 44
M V30 53 1 25 47
M V30 54 1 44 45
M V30 55 2 47 48
M V30 56 1 48 46
M V30 57 1 41 49
M V30 58 1 46 50
M V30 59 1 31 51
M V30 60 1 36 52
M V30 61 10 1 53
M V30 62 10 53 16
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="N1/C2=C(/C3C=CC=C[N+]=3C)\C3=CC=C4/C(/C5C=CC=C[N+]=5C)=C5/C=CC(/C(/C6C=CC=C[N+]=6C)=C6/C=C/C(=C(\C7C=CC=C[N+]=7C)/C=1C=C\2)/N/6[Co]N34)=N/5" inchi="1S/C44H37N8.Co/c1-49-25-9-5-13-37(49)41-29-17-19-31(45-29)42(38-14-6-10-26-50(38)2)33-21-23-35(47-33)44(40-16-8-12-28-52(40)4)36-24-22-34(48-36)43(32-20-18-30(41)46-32)39-15-7-11-27-51(39)3;/h5-28H,1-4H3,(H,45,46,47,48);/q+3;/p+1/b41-29+,41-30+,42-31+,42-33+,43-32+,43-34+,44-35+,44-36+;" inchikey="KKIYMZRLDGFDKM-AQZHRKEBSA-O" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214152D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 53 62 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 6.07411 -3.78312 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 5.29441 -3.19877 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.58427 -2.2377 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 6.56437 -2.24075 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.85005 -3.17716 0.0 0
M V30 6 N 4.55171 -5.33364 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 3.93563 -6.12599 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 3.00303 -5.81618 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 3.0223 -4.81566 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 3.96864 -4.53499 0.0 0
M V30 11 N 7.44663 -5.24136 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.07167 -4.45934 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 8.99771 -4.76637 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 8.9908 -5.7466 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 8.03854 -6.03291 0.0 0
M V30 16 N 5.97015 -6.81472 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 6.76346 -7.36764 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 6.51174 -8.31994 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 5.52651 -8.35744 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 5.20806 -7.42465 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 4.28935 -3.51867 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 4.22835 -7.13806 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 7.74609 -7.03211 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 7.78909 -3.4869 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 3.58136 -2.81245 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 8.50874 -2.79257 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 8.46869 -7.72338 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 3.52017 -7.84409 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 3.07392 -9.51586 0.0 0
M V30 30 N 3.77954 -8.81061 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 31 C 2.10691 -9.25744 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 2.54929 -7.58464 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 1.84671 -8.29636 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 10.1405 -8.16963 0.0 0
M V30 35 N 9.43521 -7.46401 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 36 C 9.88204 -9.13664 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 8.20924 -8.69426 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 8.92095 -9.39684 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 8.95499 -1.1208 0.0 0
M V30 40 N 8.24937 -1.82605 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 41 C 9.922 -1.37921 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 9.47962 -3.05202 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 10.1822 -2.3403 0.0 0
M V30 44 C 1.90959 -2.3662 0.0 0
M V30 45 N 2.61484 -3.07182 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 46 C 2.16801 -1.39919 0.0 0
M V30 47 C 3.84081 -1.84157 0.0 0
M V30 48 C 3.12909 -1.13899 0.0 0
M V30 49 C 4.74548 -9.06937 0.0 0
M V30 50 C 2.35608 -4.03776 0.0 0
M V30 51 C 7.28343 -1.56729 0.0 0
M V30 52 C 9.69397 -6.49807 0.0 0
M V30 53 Co 5.9 -5.225 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 1 2
M V30 2 1 2 3
M V30 3 2 3 4
M V30 4 1 4 5
M V30 5 1 5 1
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 2 8 9
M V30 9 1 9 10
M V30 10 1 10 6
M V30 11 1 11 12
M V30 12 2 12 13
M V30 13 1 13 14
M V30 14 2 14 15
M V30 15 1 15 11
M V30 16 1 16 17
M V30 17 1 17 18
M V30 18 2 18 19
M V30 19 1 19 20
M V30 20 2 20 16
M V30 21 1 2 21
M V30 22 2 21 10
M V30 23 2 7 22
M V30 24 1 22 20
M V30 25 2 17 23
M V30 26 1 23 15
M V30 27 1 12 24
M V30 28 2 24 5
M V30 29 1 21 25
M V30 30 1 24 26
M V30 31 1 23 27
M V30 32 1 22 28
M V30 33 2 30 28
M V30 34 2 31 29
M V30 35 1 28 32
M V30 36 1 29 30
M V30 37 2 32 33
M V30 38 1 33 31
M V30 39 2 35 27
M V30 40 2 36 34
M V30 41 1 27 37
M V30 42 1 34 35
M V30 43 2 37 38
M V30 44 1 38 36
M V30 45 2 40 26
M V30 46 2 41 39
M V30 47 1 26 42
M V30 48 1 39 40
M V30 49 2 42 43
M V30 50 1 43 41
M V30 51 2 45 25
M V30 52 2 46 44
M V30 53 1 25 47
M V30 54 1 44 45
M V30 55 2 47 48
M V30 56 1 48 46
M V30 57 1 30 49
M V30 58 1 45 50
M V30 59 1 40 51
M V30 60 1 35 52
M V30 61 10 53 6
M V30 62 10 53 11
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C12C(C)(C)C3C=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C(C4C=C5C6C=CC=C7C8C=CC=C9C%10C=CC=CN=%10[Co](N=89)(N=67)N5=CC=4)C=3OC1=C(C1C=CN3[Co]45N6=CC=CC=C6C6C=CC=C(N=64)C4C=CC=C(N=45)C=3C=1)C=C(C(C)(C)C)C=2" inchi="1S/C63H54N8O.2Co/c1-61(2,3)41-35-43(39-27-31-66-57(33-39)55-25-15-23-53(70-55)51-21-13-19-49(68-51)47-17-9-11-29-64-47)59-45(37-41)63(7,8)46-38-42(62(4,5)6)36-44(60(46)72-59)40-28-32-67-58(34-40)56-26-16-24-54(71-56)52-22-14-20-50(69-52)48-18-10-12-30-65-48;;/h9-38H,1-8H3;;" inchikey="BRMPVISUICHJBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214162D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 74 90 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.24649 -4.92114 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 4.26312 -3.08472 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 3.72673 -4.00876 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.30954 -3.08108 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 5.2866 -4.92558 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.82793 -3.99533 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 4.22835 -8.54028 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 4.23552 -6.74114 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 3.71404 -7.61045 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 5.27242 -6.7538 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 5.26579 -8.56667 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.79276 -7.66827 0.0 0
M V30 13 O 5.80717 -5.83989 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 3.73166 -5.81834 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 2.94845 -6.41891 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 2.95149 -5.161 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 3.69504 -2.23382 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 4.56843 -1.62503 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 3.07473 -1.37839 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 2.82636 -2.85309 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 3.62202 -9.3932 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 2.97315 -10.2168 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 4.46847 -10.0297 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 2.77225 -8.73768 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 6.98099 -3.98195 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 6.94919 -7.65896 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 8.21239 -6.91219 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 7.36837 -6.91789 0.0 0
M V30 29 N 8.70777 -7.54436 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 7.38651 -8.41372 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 8.28406 -8.34899 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 8.34292 -3.24299 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 7.41309 -3.19465 0.0 0
M V30 34 N 8.80523 -4.06517 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 7.43398 -4.74116 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 8.3071 -4.72458 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 8.80839 -8.98535 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 10.2587 -9.41929 0.0 0
M V30 39 N 9.76999 -8.72023 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 10.0388 -10.1609 0.0 0
M V30 41 C 8.63155 -9.80295 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 9.24261 -10.3971 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 11.1357 -9.30521 0.0 0
M V30 44 C 12.4319 -8.6033 0.0 0
M V30 45 N 11.4404 -8.57307 0.0 0
M V30 46 C 12.8026 -9.32509 0.0 0
M V30 47 C 11.5559 -10.0678 0.0 0
M V30 48 C 12.4066 -10.056 0.0 0
M V30 49 C 12.9811 -7.94142 0.0 0
M V30 50 C 13.324 -6.53445 0.0 0
M V30 51 N 12.605 -7.17276 0.0 0
M V30 52 C 14.1722 -6.76068 0.0 0
M V30 53 C 13.8101 -8.18772 0.0 0
M V30 54 C 14.4023 -7.57668 0.0 0
M V30 55 C 8.8684 -2.57269 0.0 0
M V30 56 C 9.28173 -1.10086 0.0 0
M V30 57 C 8.66665 -1.72778 0.0 0
M V30 58 C 10.1138 -1.32319 0.0 0
M V30 59 N 9.87805 -2.82324 0.0 0
M V30 60 C 10.3599 -2.08713 0.0 0
M V30 61 C 11.2666 -2.18464 0.0 0
M V30 62 C 12.5616 -1.37344 0.0 0
M V30 63 C 11.6834 -1.38366 0.0 0
M V30 64 C 13.01 -2.1294 0.0 0
M V30 65 N 11.613 -2.92256 0.0 0
M V30 66 C 12.5809 -2.91761 0.0 0
M V30 67 C 13.042 -3.65981 0.0 0
M V30 68 C 14.359 -4.39563 0.0 0
M V30 69 C 13.9123 -3.64175 0.0 0
M V30 70 C 13.9318 -5.15897 0.0 0
M V30 71 N 12.4906 -4.44246 0.0 0
M V30 72 C 13.0396 -5.18477 0.0 0
M V30 73 Co 10.637 -3.9363 0.0 0
M V30 74 Co 10.4864 -7.6263 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 9 7
M V30 8 2 10 8
M V30 9 1 7 11
M V30 10 1 8 9
M V30 11 2 11 12
M V30 12 1 12 10
M V30 13 1 10 13
M V30 14 1 14 8
M V30 15 1 13 5
M V30 16 1 1 14
M V30 17 1 14 15
M V30 18 1 14 16
M V30 19 1 2 17
M V30 20 1 17 18
M V30 21 1 17 19
M V30 22 1 17 20
M V30 23 1 7 21
M V30 24 1 21 22
M V30 25 1 21 23
M V30 26 1 21 24
M V30 27 1 6 25
M V30 28 1 12 26
M V30 29 2 28 26
M V30 30 2 29 27
M V30 31 1 26 30
M V30 32 1 27 28
M V30 33 2 30 31
M V30 34 1 31 29
M V30 35 2 33 25
M V30 36 2 34 32
M V30 37 1 25 35
M V30 38 1 32 33
M V30 39 2 35 36
M V30 40 1 36 34
M V30 41 1 31 37
M V30 42 2 39 37
M V30 43 2 40 38
M V30 44 1 37 41
M V30 45 1 38 39
M V30 46 2 41 42
M V30 47 1 42 40
M V30 48 1 38 43
M V30 49 2 45 43
M V30 50 2 46 44
M V30 51 1 43 47
M V30 52 1 44 45
M V30 53 2 47 48
M V30 54 1 48 46
M V30 55 1 44 49
M V30 56 2 51 49
M V30 57 2 52 50
M V30 58 1 49 53
M V30 59 1 50 51
M V30 60 2 53 54
M V30 61 1 54 52
M V30 62 1 32 55
M V30 63 2 57 55
M V30 64 2 58 56
M V30 65 1 55 59
M V30 66 1 56 57
M V30 67 2 59 60
M V30 68 1 60 58
M V30 69 1 60 61
M V30 70 2 63 61
M V30 71 2 64 62
M V30 72 1 61 65
M V30 73 1 62 63
M V30 74 2 65 66
M V30 75 1 66 64
M V30 76 1 66 67
M V30 77 2 69 67
M V30 78 2 70 68
M V30 79 1 67 71
M V30 80 1 68 69
M V30 81 2 71 72
M V30 82 1 72 70
M V30 83 10 73 34
M V30 84 10 73 59
M V30 85 10 73 65
M V30 86 10 73 71
M V30 87 10 74 29
M V30 88 10 74 39
M V30 89 10 74 45
M V30 90 10 74 51
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

== Organic and semiconductor photosensitizer ==
<chemform smiles="C1C=C(N2C3C=CC(C4C=CC(C5C=CC=CC=5)=CC=4)=CC=3OC3C=C(C4C=CC(C5C=CC=CC=5)=CC=4)C=CC2=3)C2C=CC=CC=2C=1" inchi="1S/C46H31NO/c1-3-10-32(11-4-1)34-18-22-36(23-19-34)39-26-28-43-45(30-39)48-46-31-40(37-24-20-35(21-25-37)33-12-5-2-6-13-33)27-29-44(46)47(43)42-17-9-15-38-14-7-8-16-41(38)42/h1-31H" inchikey="IGGSSEOAGCUGDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-08292214042D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 48 56 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 5.43485 -1.95007 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 7.16515 -1.94959 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.30164 -1.44997 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 7.16515 -2.95053 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 5.43485 -2.95502 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 6.30382 -3.45003 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 8.02965 -1.45121 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 8.89683 -1.95155 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 8.0358 -3.45287 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 8.89903 -2.94746 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 5.45899 -4.69999 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.45899 -5.70001 0.0 0
M V30 13 O 6.325 -6.20001 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 7.19101 -5.70001 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 7.19101 -4.69999 0.0 0
M V30 16 N 6.325 -4.19999 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 4.59529 -6.19792 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 3.72891 -5.69805 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 4.58914 -4.19812 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 3.72671 -4.70306 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 8.05471 -4.20208 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 8.92109 -4.70195 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 8.06086 -6.20188 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 8.92329 -5.69694 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 9.78931 -6.19694 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 11.5196 -6.19529 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 10.6558 -5.69625 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 11.5203 -7.19624 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 9.78999 -7.20188 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 10.6593 -7.69631 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 12.3863 -7.69624 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 14.1166 -7.69459 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 13.2528 -7.19555 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 14.1173 -8.69553 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 12.387 -8.70118 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 13.2563 -9.19561 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 2.86289 -6.19805 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 1.99916 -7.69736 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 2.86327 -7.19876 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 1.13198 -7.19747 0.0 0
M V30 41 C 1.99224 -5.69616 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 1.1294 -6.20178 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 0.291059 -7.85629 0.0 0
M V30 44 C -0.572666 -9.35559 0.0 0
M V30 45 C 0.291442 -8.857 0.0 0
M V30 46 C -1.43984 -8.8557 0.0 0
M V30 47 C -0.579586 -7.3544 0.0 0
M V30 48 C -1.44243 -7.86002 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 8 7
M V30 8 1 4 9
M V30 9 1 7 2
M V30 10 2 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 8
M V30 12 1 11 16
M V30 13 2 11 12
M V30 14 1 12 13
M V30 15 1 13 14
M V30 16 2 14 15
M V30 17 1 15 16
M V30 18 2 18 17
M V30 19 1 11 19
M V30 20 1 17 12
M V30 21 2 19 20
M V30 22 1 20 18
M V30 23 2 22 21
M V30 24 1 14 23
M V30 25 1 21 15
M V30 26 2 23 24
M V30 27 1 24 22
M V30 28 1 24 25
M V30 29 2 27 25
M V30 30 2 28 26
M V30 31 1 25 29
M V30 32 1 26 27
M V30 33 2 29 30
M V30 34 1 30 28
M V30 35 1 28 31
M V30 36 2 33 31
M V30 37 2 34 32
M V30 38 1 31 35
M V30 39 1 32 33
M V30 40 2 35 36
M V30 41 1 36 34
M V30 42 1 18 37
M V30 43 2 39 37
M V30 44 2 40 38
M V30 45 1 37 41
M V30 46 1 38 39
M V30 47 2 41 42
M V30 48 1 42 40
M V30 49 1 40 43
M V30 50 2 45 43
M V30 51 2 46 44
M V30 52 1 43 47
M V30 53 1 44 45
M V30 54 2 47 48
M V30 55 1 48 46
M V30 56 1 16 6
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="N1=C2N=C3N(~C)C4N=C5N=C(N(~C)C6N=C7NC(N(~C)~C)=NC8N7=C(N=6)N=C(N(~C)C6NC(N2=C(N=6)N=C1~C)=N3)N=8)N=C1N5=C(N=C(N(~C)~C)N1)N=4" inchi="1S/C18H11N26.8CH4/c19-2-23-12-32-6-27-4-30-10-21-1-22-11-31-5(37-16(36-4)42(10)11)28-7-33-13-24-3(20)26-15-35-9(41-18(39-7)44(13)15)29-8-34-14(25-2)43(12)17(38-6)40-8;;;;;;;;/h1H,(H10,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41);8*1H4" inchikey="NMLVQRDTQGBQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-09022208312D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 52 61 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 6.75651 -1.9436 0.0 0
M V30 2 N 8.38864 -1.94646 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 7.57778 -1.47489 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 8.38855 -2.91556 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.73221 -2.90624 0.0 0
M V30 6 N 7.5676 -3.42102 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.55788 -4.37332 0.0 0
M V30 8 N 6.66968 -4.84839 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 5.91522 -3.32373 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 5.80091 -4.22388 0.0 0
M V30 11 N 9.23201 -3.34235 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 9.33187 -4.27386 0.0 0
M V30 13 N 8.47968 -4.86999 0.0 0
M V30 14 N 3.67458 -5.93569 0.0 0
M V30 15 N 5.32304 -6.04863 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 4.62142 -5.52543 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 5.29936 -6.96481 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 3.61199 -6.94589 0.0 0
M V30 19 N 4.4369 -7.4509 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 4.45293 -8.40647 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 3.62604 -8.88753 0.0 0
M V30 22 N 2.76946 -7.41634 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 2.7732 -8.39852 0.0 0
M V30 24 N 6.17889 -7.42318 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 6.27276 -8.35419 0.0 0
M V30 26 N 5.35854 -8.90944 0.0 0
M V30 27 N 9.56316 -6.16566 0.0 0
M V30 28 N 11.2789 -6.15239 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 10.4328 -5.67146 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 11.284 -7.15585 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 9.5316 -7.12259 0.0 0
M V30 32 N 10.3745 -7.66422 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 10.384 -8.6252 0.0 0
M V30 34 N 9.42104 -9.11456 0.0 0
M V30 35 N 8.60694 -7.56675 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 8.5023 -8.49732 0.0 0
M V30 37 N 12.1505 -7.63934 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 12.1631 -8.62196 0.0 0
M V30 39 N 11.2761 -9.1487 0.0 0
M V30 40 N 4.80294 -4.59054 0.0 0
M V30 41 N 10.3846 -4.65214 0.0 0
M V30 42 N 7.48201 -8.94805 0.0 0
M V30 43 C 7.48201 -9.94805 0.0 0
M V30 44 N 13.0291 -9.12196 0.0 0
M V30 45 N 1.90717 -8.89852 0.0 0
M V30 46 C 13.0291 -10.122 0.0 0
M V30 47 C 13.8951 -8.62196 0.0 0
M V30 48 C 1.90717 -9.89852 0.0 0
M V30 49 C 1.04115 -8.39852 0.0 0
M V30 50 C 3.93692 -4.09054 0.0 0
M V30 51 C 11.2506 -4.15214 0.0 0
M V30 52 C 7.57778 -0.474889 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 3 1
M V30 2 1 4 2
M V30 3 2 1 5
M V30 4 2 2 3
M V30 5 1 5 6
M V30 6 2 6 4
M V30 7 2 8 7
M V30 8 1 5 9
M V30 9 1 7 6
M V30 10 2 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 8
M V30 12 2 12 11
M V30 13 1 11 4
M V30 14 1 7 13
M V30 15 1 13 12
M V30 16 2 16 14
M V30 17 2 17 15
M V30 18 1 14 18
M V30 19 1 15 16
M V30 20 2 18 19
M V30 21 1 19 17
M V30 22 1 21 20
M V30 23 1 18 22
M V30 24 1 20 19
M V30 25 2 22 23
M V30 26 1 23 21
M V30 27 2 25 24
M V30 28 1 24 17
M V30 29 2 20 26
M V30 30 1 26 25
M V30 31 2 29 27
M V30 32 2 30 28
M V30 33 1 27 31
M V30 34 1 28 29
M V30 35 2 31 32
M V30 36 1 32 30
M V30 37 2 34 33
M V30 38 1 31 35
M V30 39 1 33 32
M V30 40 2 35 36
M V30 41 1 36 34
M V30 42 2 38 37
M V30 43 1 37 30
M V30 44 1 33 39
M V30 45 1 39 38
M V30 46 1 10 40
M V30 47 1 40 16
M V30 48 1 12 41
M V30 49 1 41 29
M V30 50 1 25 42
M V30 51 1 42 36
M V30 52 8 42 43
M V30 53 1 38 44
M V30 54 1 23 45
M V30 55 8 44 46
M V30 56 8 44 47
M V30 57 8 45 48
M V30 58 8 45 49
M V30 59 8 40 50
M V30 60 8 41 51
M V30 61 8 3 52
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform><chemform smiles="C12C=CC3C=CC=N4[Ru](N(C=1C=34)=CC=C2)1(N2C3C4N1=CC=CC=4C=CC=3C=CC=2)1N2C3C4N1=CC=CC=4C=CC=3C=CC=2" inchi="1S/3C12H8N2.Ru/c3*1-3-9-5-6-10-4-2-8-14-12(10)11(9)13-7-1;/h3*1-8H;" inchikey="DOIVPHUVGVJOMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-10312214162D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 43 54 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 5.22493 -2.53485 0.0 0
M V30 2 N 5.22541 -4.26515 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.72503 -3.40164 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 4.22447 -4.26515 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.21998 -2.53485 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 3.72497 -3.40382 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 5.72455 -1.67134 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.72549 -1.67134 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.72998 -3.40164 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 7.22499 -2.53267 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 8.22198 -2.52753 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.72739 -3.39076 0.0 0
M V30 13 N 7.23741 -4.26832 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 8.23677 -4.25646 0.0 0
M V30 15 N 8.55696 -6.84484 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 10.0552 -5.97927 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 9.05757 -5.97834 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 10.5557 -6.84611 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 9.05943 -7.71515 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 10.0595 -7.70936 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 10.5624 -8.57021 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 10.0676 -9.43952 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 8.56258 -8.58794 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 9.07254 -9.44748 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 8.58407 -10.3159 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 7.58449 -10.3281 0.0 0
M V30 27 N 7.55899 -8.60014 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 7.0752 -9.47395 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 3.41838 -9.42435 0.0 0
M V30 30 N 4.91662 -8.55878 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 3.91899 -8.55785 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 5.41709 -9.42562 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 3.92085 -10.2947 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 4.92091 -10.2889 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 2.42074 -9.42342 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 1.92027 -8.55658 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 3.41651 -7.68754 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 2.41645 -7.69334 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 1.91352 -6.83249 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 2.40839 -5.96318 0.0 0
M V30 41 N 3.91337 -6.81476 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 3.40341 -5.95521 0.0 0
M V30 43 Ru 6.15 -6.475 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 2 8 7
M V30 8 1 3 9
M V30 9 1 7 1
M V30 10 2 9 10
M V30 11 1 10 8
M V30 12 2 12 11
M V30 13 1 9 13
M V30 14 1 11 10
M V30 15 2 13 14
M V30 16 1 14 12
M V30 17 2 17 15
M V30 18 2 18 16
M V30 19 1 15 19
M V30 20 1 16 17
M V30 21 2 19 20
M V30 22 1 20 18
M V30 23 2 22 21
M V30 24 1 19 23
M V30 25 1 21 20
M V30 26 2 23 24
M V30 27 1 24 22
M V30 28 2 26 25
M V30 29 1 23 27
M V30 30 1 25 24
M V30 31 2 27 28
M V30 32 1 28 26
M V30 33 2 31 29
M V30 34 2 32 30
M V30 35 1 29 33
M V30 36 1 30 31
M V30 37 2 33 34
M V30 38 1 34 32
M V30 39 2 36 35
M V30 40 1 31 37
M V30 41 1 35 29
M V30 42 2 37 38
M V30 43 1 38 36
M V30 44 2 40 39
M V30 45 1 37 41
M V30 46 1 39 38
M V30 47 2 41 42
M V30 48 1 42 40
M V30 49 10 43 41
M V30 50 10 43 30
M V30 51 10 43 27
M V30 52 10 43 15
M V30 53 10 43 13
M V30 54 10 43 2
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

== Experiments ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Entry
!CAT
!conc
!PS
!conc
!e-D
!conc
!Solvent
!λex [nm]
!irr time [h]
!Sel [%]
!TON
!reference
!link to experiment
|-
|1
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100490|link=N12[Co]N3C4/C(/C5C=CC([*])=CC=5)=C5/C=CC(/C(/C6C=CC([*])=CC=6)=C\1/C=C/C/2=C(\C1C=CC([*])=CC=1)/C1C=C/C(=C(\C2C=CC([*])=CC=2)/C3=CC=4)/N=1)=N/5r1}}
|
| -
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100505|link=ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|MeCn
|320
|
|>80
|245
|{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9807017}}
|
|-
|2
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100490|link=N12[Co]N3C4/C(/C5C=CC([*])=CC=5)=C5/C=CC(/C(/C6C=CC([*])=CC=6)=C\1/C=C/C/2=C(\C1C=CC([*])=CC=1)/C1C=C/C(=C(\C2C=CC([*])=CC=2)/C3=CC=4)/N=1)=N/5r1}}
|
| -
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100505|link=ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|MeCn
|320
|
| -
|120
|{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9807017}}
|
|-
|3
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100490|link=N12[Co]N3C4/C(/C5C=CC([*])=CC=5)=C5/C=CC(/C(/C6C=CC([*])=CC=6)=C\1/C=C/C/2=C(\C1C=CC([*])=CC=1)/C1C=C/C(=C(\C2C=CC([*])=CC=2)/C3=CC=4)/N=1)=N/5r1}}
|
| -
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100505|link=ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|MeCn
|320
|
| -
|120
|{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9807017}}
|
|-
|4
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100491}}
|
| -
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100505|link=ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|MeCn
|320
|
| -
|120
|{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9807017}}
|
|-
|5
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100491}}
|
| -
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100505|link=ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|MeCn
|320
|
| -
|120
|{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9807017}}
|
|-
|6
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100491}}
|
| -
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100505|link=ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|MeCn
|320
|
| -
|120
|{{#literature:|doi=https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9807017}}
|
|-
|7
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100492}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100495|link=DOIVPHUVGVJOMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100505|link=ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|MeCn
|460
|
|92
|110
|{{#literature:|doi=doi.org/10.1038/s41929-019-0331-6}}
|
|-
|8
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100492}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100495|link=DOIVPHUVGVJOMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100508|link=VDFIVJSRRJXMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}/{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100505|link=ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|MeCn
|460
|
|97
|386
|{{#literature:|doi=doi.org/10.1038/s41929-019-0331-6}}
|
|-
|9
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100492}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100495|link=DOIVPHUVGVJOMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100508|link=VDFIVJSRRJXMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}/{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|MeCn
|460
|
|76
|821
|{{#literature:|doi=doi.org/10.1038/s41929-019-0331-6}}
|
|-
|10
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100492}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100493|link=IGGSSEOAGCUGDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100508|link=VDFIVJSRRJXMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}/{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|MeCn
|460
|
|58
|565
|{{#literature:|doi=doi.org/10.1038/s41929-019-0331-6}}
|
|-
|11
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100492}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100494}}
|
|{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100508|link=VDFIVJSRRJXMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}/{{#moleculelink:|chemformid=100507|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|
|MeCn
|460
|
|91
|493
|{{#literature:|doi=doi.org/10.1038/s41929-019-0331-6}}
|
|}
__FORCETOC__
[[Category:Homogeneous photocatalytic CO2 conversion]]

Molecule:100843

2024-09-06T13:14:45Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=Ir(ppy)3
|trivialname=Tris(2-phenylpyridinato-C2,N)iridium(III)
|molecular_role=photosensitizer
|cid=11388194
|iupacName=iridium(3+);2-phenylpyridine
|molecularMass=655.15995
|molecularFormula=C33H24IrN3
|synonyms=Tris[2-phenylpyridinato-C2,N]iridium(III)$Ir(ppy)3$Tris(2-phenylpyridinato)iridium(III)$Tris(2-phenylpyridinato)iridium(III) (purified by sublimation)$tris(2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)iridium$TRIS[2-(PYRIDIN-2-YL)PHENYL]IRIDIUM$MFCD12022527$fac-Tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium(III)$SCHEMBL294298$BCP07959
|cas=94928-86-6
|hasVendors=true
|moleculeKey=NSABRUJKERBGOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|molOrRxn=-INDIGO-01102415372D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 37 45 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 8.00985 -2.17507 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 9.74015 -2.17459 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 8.87664 -1.67497 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 9.74015 -3.17553 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 8.00985 -3.18002 0.0 0
M V30 6 N 8.87882 -3.67503 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 10.6062 -3.67553 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 12.3365 -3.67389 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 11.4726 -3.17484 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 12.3371 -4.67483 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 10.6068 -4.68048 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 12 C 11.4762 -5.17491 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 8.05985 -8.20007 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 9.79015 -8.19959 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 8.92664 -7.69997 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 16 C 9.79015 -9.20053 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 8.05985 -9.20502 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 8.92882 -9.70003 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 10.6562 -7.69959 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 11.5199 -6.20028 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 10.6558 -6.69887 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 12.3871 -6.70017 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 11.5268 -8.20148 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 12.3897 -7.69585 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 5.35985 -6.85007 0.0 0
M V30 26 N 7.09015 -6.84959 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 6.22664 -6.34997 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 7.09015 -7.85053 0.0 0
M V30 29 C 5.35985 -7.85502 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 6.22882 -8.35003 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 6.22664 -5.34997 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 5.36006 -3.8523 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 5.3598 -4.84994 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 6.22657 -3.35125 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 7.09661 -4.84691 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 36 C 7.09015 -3.84686 0.0 0
M V30 37 Ir 8.91263 -5.69691 0.0 0 CHG=3
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 4 7
M V30 8 2 9 7
M V30 9 2 10 8
M V30 10 1 7 11
M V30 11 1 8 9
M V30 12 2 11 12
M V30 13 1 12 10
M V30 14 2 15 13
M V30 15 2 16 14
M V30 16 1 13 17
M V30 17 1 14 15
M V30 18 2 17 18
M V30 19 1 18 16
M V30 20 1 14 19
M V30 21 2 21 19
M V30 22 2 22 20
M V30 23 1 19 23
M V30 24 1 20 21
M V30 25 2 23 24
M V30 26 1 24 22
M V30 27 2 27 25
M V30 28 2 28 26
M V30 29 1 25 29
M V30 30 1 26 27
M V30 31 2 29 30
M V30 32 1 30 28
M V30 33 1 27 31
M V30 34 2 33 31
M V30 35 2 34 32
M V30 36 1 31 35
M V30 37 1 32 33
M V30 38 2 35 36
M V30 39 1 36 34
M V30 40 10 35 37
M V30 41 10 37 6
M V30 42 10 11 37
M V30 43 10 37 21
M V30 44 10 15 37
M V30 45 10 37 26
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
|smiles=C1C=N2[Ir+3]3(N4C(C5[C-]3=CC=CC=5)=CC=CC=4)3([C-]4C(C5C=CC=CN=53)=CC=CC=4)[C-]3=CC=CC=C3C2=CC=1
|inchi=1S/3C11H8N.Ir/c3*1-2-6-10(7-3-1)11-8-4-5-9-12-11;/h3*1-6,8-9H;/q3*-1;+3
|inchikey=NSABRUJKERBGOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|width=200
|height=200
|float=none
}}

Molecule:100827

2024-09-06T13:14:37Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=[Ni(py)-(MeNHC)2(MeCN)][PF6]2
|molecular_role=catalyst
|moleculeKey=XLAXHWSGDXWDSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|molOrRxn=-INDIGO-11282314472D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 36 38 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 6.95985 -3.47507 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 8.69015 -3.47459 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 7.82664 -2.97497 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 8.69015 -4.47553 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.95985 -4.48002 0.0 0
M V30 6 N 7.82882 -4.97503 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 6.02651 -5.12971 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.18292 -6.11739 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 5.29191 -6.57142 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 4.58481 -5.86432 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 5.03884 -4.9733 0.0 0
M V30 12 N 9.62349 -5.15472 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 10.6112 -4.9983 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 11.0652 -5.88932 0.0 0
M V30 15 N 10.3581 -6.59642 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 9.46708 -6.14239 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 5.13549 -7.55911 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 10.5145 -7.58411 0.0 0
M V30 19 Ni 7.85 -6.225 0.0 0 CHG=2
M V30 20 N 7.85 -7.75 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 7.85 -8.75 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 7.85 -9.75 0.0 0
M V30 23 F 12.092 -4.675 0.0 0
M V30 24 P 12.958 -4.175 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 25 F 13.824 -4.675 0.0 0
M V30 26 F 12.958 -3.175 0.0 0
M V30 27 F 12.092 -3.675 0.0 0
M V30 28 F 13.824 -3.675 0.0 0
M V30 29 F 12.958 -5.175 0.0 0
M V30 30 F 12.359 -8.075 0.0 0
M V30 31 P 13.225 -7.575 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 32 F 14.091 -8.075 0.0 0
M V30 33 F 13.225 -6.575 0.0 0
M V30 34 F 12.359 -7.075 0.0 0
M V30 35 F 14.091 -7.075 0.0 0
M V30 36 F 13.225 -8.575 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 1 8 9
M V30 9 1 9 10
M V30 10 2 10 11
M V30 11 1 11 7
M V30 12 1 12 13
M V30 13 2 13 14
M V30 14 1 14 15
M V30 15 1 15 16
M V30 16 1 16 12
M V30 17 1 7 5
M V30 18 1 12 4
M V30 19 1 9 17
M V30 20 1 15 18
M V30 21 10 6 19
M V30 22 10 8 19
M V30 23 10 16 19
M V30 24 10 19 20
M V30 25 3 20 21
M V30 26 1 21 22
M V30 27 1 23 24
M V30 28 1 24 25
M V30 29 1 24 26
M V30 30 1 24 27
M V30 31 1 24 28
M V30 32 1 24 29
M V30 33 1 30 31
M V30 34 1 31 32
M V30 35 1 31 33
M V30 36 1 31 34
M V30 37 1 31 35
M V30 38 1 31 36
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
|smiles=C1C2N3C=CN(C)C3[Ni+2](N#CC)3C4N(C(N=23)=CC=1)C=CN4C.F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F.F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F
|inchi=1S/C13H17N5.C2H3N.2F6P.Ni/c1-15-6-8-17(10-15)12-4-3-5-13(14-12)18-9-7-16(2)11-18;1-2-3;2*1-7(2,3,4,5)6;/h3-9H,10-11H2,1-2H3;1H3;;;/q;;2*-1;+2
|inchikey=XLAXHWSGDXWDSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|width=300px
|height=200px
|float=none
}}

Molecule:100823

2024-09-06T13:14:30Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=Ni(4O(-)py)-(MeNHC)2Cl
|molecular_role=catalyst
|molecularFormula=C13H16ClN5NiO
|molecularMass=351.039680712
|moleculeKey=UDPGSTPOVCEDJN-UHFFFAOYSA-L
|molOrRxn=-INDIGO-11282311332D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 21 25 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 7.45985 -2.07507 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 9.19015 -2.07459 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 8.32664 -1.57497 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 9.19015 -3.07553 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 7.45985 -3.08002 0.0 0
M V30 6 N 8.32882 -3.57503 0.0 0
M V30 7 N 6.60033 -3.99453 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.00704 -4.90807 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 6.2639 -5.57723 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 5.39789 -5.07724 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 5.60583 -4.09908 0.0 0
M V30 12 N 10.2247 -3.94453 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 11.2192 -4.04908 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 11.4271 -5.02724 0.0 0
M V30 15 N 10.5611 -5.52723 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 9.81796 -4.85807 0.0 0
M V30 17 O 8.32725 -0.574967 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 18 Cl 8.325 -6.475 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 19 Ni 8.325 -4.95 0.0 0 CHG=2
M V30 20 C 6.36844 -6.57175 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 10.4566 -6.52175 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 1 8 9
M V30 9 1 9 10
M V30 10 2 10 11
M V30 11 1 11 7
M V30 12 1 12 13
M V30 13 2 13 14
M V30 14 1 14 15
M V30 15 1 15 16
M V30 16 1 16 12
M V30 17 1 3 17
M V30 18 1 5 7
M V30 19 1 4 12
M V30 20 10 8 19
M V30 21 10 6 19
M V30 22 10 16 19
M V30 23 8 18 19
M V30 24 1 9 20
M V30 25 1 15 21
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
|smiles=C1C2N3C=CN(C)C3[Ni+2](~[Cl-])3C4N(C(N=23)=CC=1[O-])C=CN4C
|inchi=1S/C13H17N5O.ClH.Ni/c1-15-3-5-17(9-15)12-7-11(19)8-13(14-12)18-6-4-16(2)10-18;;/h3-8H,9-10H2,1-2H3,(H,14,19);1H;/q;;+2/p-2
|inchikey=UDPGSTPOVCEDJN-UHFFFAOYSA-L
|width=300px
|height=200px
|float=none
}}

Molecule:100808

2024-09-06T13:14:16Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=[Ru(bpy)3][PF6]
|trivialname=Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium bis(hexafluorophosphate)
|molecular_role=photosensitizer
|cid=15198703
|iupacName=2-pyridin-2-ylpyridine;ruthenium(2+);dihexafluorophosphate
|molecularMass=860.038947
|molecularFormula=C30H24F12N6P2Ru
|synonyms=Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium bis(hexafluorophosphate)$TRIS(2,2'-BIPYRIDINE)RUTHENIUM(II) HEXAFLUOROPHOSPHATE$2-pyridin-2-ylpyridine;ruthenium(2+);dihexafluorophosphate$Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) Bis(hexafluorophosphate)$SY100707$T3435$C75843$EN300-7542598$A913607$Ruthenium-tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) dihexafluorophosphate
|cas=60804-74-2
|hasVendors=true
|moleculeKey=KLDYQWXVZLHTKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|inchikey=KLDYQWXVZLHTKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|width=300px
|height=200px
|float=none
}}

Molecule:100760

2024-09-06T13:14:08Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=[Re(bpy)2(CO)2][OTf]
|molecular_role=catalyst
|molecularFormula=C23H16F3N4O5ReS
|molecularMass=704.035103372
|moleculeKey=SQEHJZNRDJMTCB-UHFFFAOYSA-M
|molOrRxn=-INDIGO-05192310272D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 37 41 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.88485 -4.72507 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.61515 -4.72459 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.75164 -4.22497 0.0 0
M V30 4 N 6.61515 -5.72553 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 4.88485 -5.73002 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 5.75382 -6.22503 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 5.75382 -7.22503 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.6204 -8.7227 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 6.62066 -7.72506 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 5.75389 -9.22375 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 4.88385 -7.72809 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 4.89031 -8.72814 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 7.35985 -8.97507 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 9.09015 -8.97459 0.0 0
M V30 15 N 8.22664 -8.47497 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 9.09015 -9.97553 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 7.35985 -9.98002 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 8.22882 -10.475 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 9.95618 -8.47459 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 10.8199 -6.97528 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 9.95579 -7.47387 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 11.6871 -7.47517 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 10.8268 -8.97648 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 11.6897 -8.47085 0.0 0
M V30 25 Re 8.175 -6.775 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 26 C 8.175 -5.3 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 27 C 9.56603 -5.975 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 28 O 8.175 -4.3 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 29 O 10.4321 -5.475 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 30 S 14.2464 -6.03834 0.0 0
M V30 31 O 15.1125 -5.53834 0.0 0
M V30 32 O 14.7464 -6.90437 0.0 0
M V30 33 O 13.3804 -6.53834 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 34 C 13.7464 -5.17232 0.0 0
M V30 35 F 14.4536 -4.46521 0.0 0
M V30 36 F 13.2464 -4.30629 0.0 0
M V30 37 F 12.8804 -5.67232 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 6 7
M V30 8 2 9 7
M V30 9 2 10 8
M V30 10 1 7 11
M V30 11 1 8 9
M V30 12 2 11 12
M V30 13 1 12 10
M V30 14 2 15 13
M V30 15 2 16 14
M V30 16 1 13 17
M V30 17 1 14 15
M V30 18 2 17 18
M V30 19 1 18 16
M V30 20 1 14 19
M V30 21 2 21 19
M V30 22 2 22 20
M V30 23 1 19 23
M V30 24 1 20 21
M V30 25 2 23 24
M V30 26 1 24 22
M V30 27 10 4 25
M V30 28 10 9 25
M V30 29 10 15 25
M V30 30 10 21 25
M V30 31 10 25 26
M V30 32 10 25 27
M V30 33 3 26 28
M V30 34 3 27 29
M V30 35 2 30 31
M V30 36 2 30 32
M V30 37 1 30 33
M V30 38 1 30 34
M V30 39 1 34 35
M V30 40 1 34 36
M V30 41 1 34 37
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
|smiles=C1C=C2C3C=CC=CN=3[Re+]([C-]#[O+])([C-]#[O+])3(N4C=CC=CC=4C4N3=CC=CC=4)N2=CC=1.S(C(F)(F)F)([O-])(=O)=O
|inchi=1S/2C10H8N2.CHF3O3S.2CO.Re/c2*1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;2-1(3,4)8(5,6)7;2*1-2;/h2*1-8H;(H,5,6,7);;;/q;;;;;+1/p-1
|inchikey=SQEHJZNRDJMTCB-UHFFFAOYSA-M
|width=300px
|height=200px
|float=none
}}

Molecule:100680

2024-09-06T13:13:48Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=Ru(bpy)3
|trivialname=Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)
|molecular_role=photosensitizer
|cid=65240
|iupacName=2-pyridin-2-ylpyridine;ruthenium(2+)
|molecularMass=570.110585
|molecularFormula=C30H24N6Ru+2
|synonyms=Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)$Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II)$2-pyridin-2-ylpyridine;ruthenium(2+)$Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium II$tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)$Ru(II)-Tris(bipyridyl)$Ruthenium II tris(2,2'-bipyridine)$tris(2,2/'-bipyridine)ruthenium II$Q27123697$Ruthenium(2+), tris(2,2'-bipyridine-N,N')-, (OC-6-11)-
|cas=15158-62-0
|hasVendors=true
|moleculeKey=HNVRWFFXWFXICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|molOrRxn=-INDIGO-02142311402D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 37 45 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 10.4686 -4.89367 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 9.86013 -3.35178 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 9.7559 -4.32845 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 10.5812 -2.93696 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 11.2912 -4.28715 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 11.2672 -3.32813 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 11.926 -4.59035 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 13.407 -4.41796 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 12.6927 -4.07702 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 13.4744 -5.24515 0.0 0
M V30 11 N 11.9424 -5.66607 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 12.7601 -5.88523 0.0 0
M V30 13 N 12.1907 -7.31984 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 13.8922 -7.57782 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 13.0884 -6.97298 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 13.8688 -8.43063 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 12.3039 -8.35398 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 13.1498 -8.81725 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 11.6693 -8.71536 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 11.0428 -10.0631 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 11.7283 -9.63489 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 10.2824 -9.6709 0.0 0
M V30 23 N 10.7291 -8.179 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 10.1211 -8.72059 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 7.40786 -6.05302 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 7.41674 -5.26498 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 8.98334 -5.17125 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 8.22399 -6.45531 0.0 0
M V30 29 N 9.14653 -5.94372 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 8.17252 -7.17954 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 8.93917 -8.5102 0.0 0
M V30 32 N 9.12933 -7.59242 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 8.01894 -8.86654 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 7.37472 -7.63591 0.0 0
M V30 35 C 7.32652 -8.42014 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 8.11795 -4.83872 0.0 0
M V30 37 Ru 10.613 -6.61608 0.0 0 CHG=2
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 5 7
M V30 8 2 9 7
M V30 9 2 10 8
M V30 10 1 7 11
M V30 11 1 8 9
M V30 12 2 11 12
M V30 13 1 12 10
M V30 14 2 15 13
M V30 15 2 16 14
M V30 16 1 13 17
M V30 17 1 14 15
M V30 18 2 17 18
M V30 19 1 18 16
M V30 20 1 17 19
M V30 21 2 21 19
M V30 22 2 22 20
M V30 23 1 19 23
M V30 24 1 20 21
M V30 25 2 23 24
M V30 26 1 24 22
M V30 27 2 26 25
M V30 28 1 25 28
M V30 29 2 28 29
M V30 30 1 29 27
M V30 31 1 28 30
M V30 32 2 32 30
M V30 33 2 33 31
M V30 34 1 30 34
M V30 35 1 31 32
M V30 36 2 34 35
M V30 37 1 35 33
M V30 38 2 27 36
M V30 39 1 36 26
M V30 40 10 29 37
M V30 41 10 32 37
M V30 42 10 23 37
M V30 43 10 13 37
M V30 44 10 11 37
M V30 45 10 1 37
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
|smiles=N12[Ru+2](N3=CC=CC=C3C1=CC=CC=2)1(N2C(C3N1=CC=CC=3)=CC=CC=2)1N2C=CC=CC=2C2=N1C=CC=C2
|inchi=1S/3C10H8N2.Ru/c3*1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;/h3*1-8H;/q;;;+2
|inchikey=HNVRWFFXWFXICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|width=300px
|height=200px
|float=none
}}

Molecule:100752

2024-09-06T13:13:31Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=Mn(bpy)(CO)3Br
|molecular_role=catalyst
|moleculeKey=ZUZWBGQHMPVNDY-UHFFFAOYSA-M
|molOrRxn=-INDIGO-05172311492D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 20 22 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 5.25985 -3.0 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 6.99015 -2.99959 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.12664 -2.49997 0.0 0
M V30 4 N 6.99015 -4.00053 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 5.25985 -4.00502 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 6.12882 -4.50003 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 6.12882 -5.50003 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 6.9954 -6.99769 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 6.99566 -6.0 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 6.12889 -7.49875 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 5.25885 -6.00309 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.26531 -7.00314 0.0 0
M V30 13 Mn 7.8 -5.075 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 14 C 7.8 -6.075 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 15 C 8.66603 -5.575 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 16 C 8.50711 -4.36789 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 17 Br 7.8 -4.075 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 18 O 7.8 -7.075 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 19 O 9.53205 -6.075 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 20 O 9.21421 -3.66079 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 6 7
M V30 8 2 9 7
M V30 9 2 10 8
M V30 10 1 7 11
M V30 11 1 8 9
M V30 12 2 11 12
M V30 13 1 12 10
M V30 14 10 4 13
M V30 15 10 9 13
M V30 16 10 13 14
M V30 17 10 13 15
M V30 18 10 13 16
M V30 19 10 13 17
M V30 20 3 14 18
M V30 21 3 15 19
M V30 22 3 16 20
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
|smiles=C1C=C2C3C=CC=CN=3[Mn+]([Br-])([C-]#[O+])([C-]#[O+])([C-]#[O+])N2=CC=1
|inchi=1S/C10H8N2.3CO.BrH.Mn/c1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;3*1-2;;/h1-8H;;;;1H;/q;;;;;+1/p-1
|inchikey=ZUZWBGQHMPVNDY-UHFFFAOYSA-M
|width=300px
|height=200px
|float=none
}}

Molecule:100659

2024-09-06T13:13:19Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=[Ru(dmb)3][PF6]2
|trivialname=Ru(DMB)3(PF6)2
|molecular_role=photosensitizer
|cid=15198704
|iupacName=4-methyl-2-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)pyridine;ruthenium(2+);dihexafluorophosphate
|molecularMass=944.132847
|molecularFormula=C36H36F12N6P2Ru
|synonyms=Ru(DMB)3(PF6)2$C76671$EN300-19370044$lambda2-ruthenium(2+) ion tris(4-methyl-2-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)pyridine) bis(hexafluoro-lambda5-phosphanuide)
|hasVendors=true
|moleculeKey=YTWDDICTMKIOIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|molOrRxn=-INDIGO-01102416002D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 57 63 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 20.2257 -2.15948 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 21.7244 -3.02421 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 21.2264 -2.15976 0.0 0
M V30 4 N 21.224 -3.89105 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 19.7232 -3.02978 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 20.2283 -3.89296 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 22.7244 -3.02467 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 24.2225 -2.15879 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 23.2249 -2.15807 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 24.7232 -3.02553 0.0 0
M V30 11 N 23.2271 -3.89488 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 24.2272 -3.88888 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 24.7307 -4.75287 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 26.2335 -5.6105 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 25.7314 -4.74842 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 25.7371 -6.4797 0.0 0
M V30 17 N 24.2323 -5.62555 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 24.7414 -6.48632 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 24.2489 -7.35661 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 24.2654 -9.08684 0.0 0
M V30 21 C 24.757 -8.21873 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 23.2645 -9.09611 0.0 0
M V30 23 N 23.244 -7.36592 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 22.7571 -8.23944 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 21.7571 -8.25256 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 20.271 -9.13871 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 21.2685 -9.12588 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 19.7586 -8.27885 0.0 0
M V30 29 N 21.2427 -7.38926 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 20.2428 -7.40884 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 19.7276 -6.55178 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 18.2133 -5.71464 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 18.7271 -6.56982 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 18.6978 -4.83878 0.0 0
M V30 35 N 20.2141 -5.67241 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 19.6933 -4.81862 0.0 0
M V30 37 C 19.7258 -1.29338 0.0 0
M V30 38 C 24.7227 -1.2929 0.0 0
M V30 39 C 27.2335 -5.60623 0.0 0
M V30 40 C 24.773 -9.94843 0.0 0
M V30 41 C 19.7826 -10.0113 0.0 0
M V30 42 C 17.2135 -5.73249 0.0 0
M V30 43 Ru 22.1828 -5.65697 0.0 0 CHG=2
M V30 44 F 26.642 -3.175 0.0 0
M V30 45 P 27.508 -2.675 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 46 F 28.374 -3.175 0.0 0
M V30 47 F 27.508 -1.675 0.0 0
M V30 48 F 28.374 -2.175 0.0 0
M V30 49 F 27.508 -3.675 0.0 0
M V30 50 F 26.642 -2.175 0.0 0
M V30 51 F 26.684 -8.725 0.0 0
M V30 52 P 27.55 -8.225 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 53 F 28.416 -8.725 0.0 0
M V30 54 F 27.55 -7.225 0.0 0
M V30 55 F 28.416 -7.725 0.0 0
M V30 56 F 27.55 -9.225 0.0 0
M V30 57 F 26.684 -7.725 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 2 9 7
M V30 9 2 10 8
M V30 10 1 7 11
M V30 11 1 8 9
M V30 12 2 11 12
M V30 13 1 12 10
M V30 14 2 15 13
M V30 15 2 16 14
M V30 16 1 13 17
M V30 17 1 14 15
M V30 18 2 17 18
M V30 19 1 18 16
M V30 20 1 18 19
M V30 21 2 21 19
M V30 22 2 22 20
M V30 23 1 19 23
M V30 24 1 20 21
M V30 25 2 23 24
M V30 26 1 24 22
M V30 27 2 27 25
M V30 28 2 28 26
M V30 29 1 25 29
M V30 30 1 26 27
M V30 31 2 29 30
M V30 32 1 30 28
M V30 33 1 30 31
M V30 34 2 33 31
M V30 35 2 34 32
M V30 36 1 31 35
M V30 37 1 32 33
M V30 38 2 35 36
M V30 39 1 36 34
M V30 40 1 1 37
M V30 41 1 8 38
M V30 42 1 14 39
M V30 43 1 20 40
M V30 44 1 26 41
M V30 45 1 32 42
M V30 46 10 4 43
M V30 47 10 43 11
M V30 48 10 17 43
M V30 49 10 43 23
M V30 50 10 29 43
M V30 51 10 43 35
M V30 52 1 44 45
M V30 53 1 45 46
M V30 54 1 45 47
M V30 55 1 45 48
M V30 56 1 45 49
M V30 57 1 45 50
M V30 58 1 51 52
M V30 59 1 52 53
M V30 60 1 52 54
M V30 61 1 52 55
M V30 62 1 52 56
M V30 63 1 52 57
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
|smiles=C(C)1C=CN2[Ru+2]3(N4=CC=C(C)C=C4C4C=C(C)C=CN=43)3(N4=CC=C(C)C=C4C4C=C(C)C=CN=43)N3=CC=C(C)C=C3C=2C=1.F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F.F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F
|inchi=1S/3C12H12N2.2F6P.Ru/c3*1-9-3-5-13-11(7-9)12-8-10(2)4-6-14-12;2*1-7(2,3,4,5)6;/h3*3-8H,1-2H3;;;/q;;;2*-1;+2
|inchikey=YTWDDICTMKIOIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|width=200
|height=200
|float=none
}}

Molecule:100717

2024-09-06T13:13:06Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=Mn(CN)(bpy)(CO)3
|molecular_role=catalyst
|moleculeKey=PZMFAIZJHXCGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|molOrRxn=-INDIGO-01102416302D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 21 23 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 3.73485 -3.35007 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 5.46515 -3.34959 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.60164 -2.84997 0.0 0
M V30 4 N 5.46515 -4.35053 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 3.73485 -4.35502 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 4.60382 -4.85003 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 4.60768 -5.85003 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 5.47425 -7.34769 0.0 0
M V30 9 N 5.47451 -6.35005 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 4.60775 -7.84874 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 3.73771 -6.35308 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 3.74417 -7.35314 0.0 0
M V30 13 Mn 6.4 -5.375 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 14 C 6.4 -4.375 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 15 C 7.10711 -4.66789 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 16 C 7.26603 -5.875 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 17 C 6.4 -6.375 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 18 O 6.4 -3.375 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 19 O 7.81421 -3.96079 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 20 O 8.13205 -6.375 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 21 N 6.4 -7.375 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 6 7
M V30 8 2 9 7
M V30 9 2 10 8
M V30 10 1 7 11
M V30 11 1 8 9
M V30 12 2 11 12
M V30 13 1 12 10
M V30 14 10 4 13
M V30 15 10 9 13
M V30 16 10 13 14
M V30 17 10 13 15
M V30 18 10 13 16
M V30 19 10 13 17
M V30 20 3 14 18
M V30 21 3 15 19
M V30 22 3 16 20
M V30 23 3 17 21
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
|smiles=C1C=C2C3C=CC=CN=3[Mn+]([C-]#N)([C-]#[O+])([C-]#[O+])([C-]#[O+])N2=CC=1
|inchi=1S/C10H8N2.CN.3CO.Mn/c1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;4*1-2;/h1-8H;;;;;/q;-1;;;;+1
|inchikey=PZMFAIZJHXCGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|width=200
|height=200
|float=none
}}

Molecule:100966

2024-09-06T12:57:22Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=TBAPF6
|trivialname=Tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate
|molecular_role=electrolyte
|cid=165075
|iupacName=tetrabutylazanium;hexafluorophosphate
|molecularMass=387.24895612
|molecularFormula=C16H36F6NP
|synonyms=Tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate$Tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate(V)$tetra-n-butylammonium hexafluorophosphate$MFCD00011748$1-Butanaminium, N,N,N-tributyl-, hexafluorophosphate(1-)$tetrabutylazanium;hexafluorophosphate$Tetrabutyl-ammonium hexafluorophosphate$1-Butanaminium, N,N,N-tributyl-, hexafluorophosphate(1-) (1:1)$hexafluoro-lambda5-phosphanuide; tetrabutylazanium$tetrabutylammoniumhexafluorophosphate
|cas=3109-63-5
|hasVendors=true
|moleculeKey=BKBKEFQIOUYLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|molOrRxn=-INDIGO-09052415212D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 24 22 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 6.225 -5.55 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 2 C 5.225 -5.55 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.225 -4.55 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 7.225 -5.55 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.225 -6.55 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 7.09103 -4.05 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.09103 -3.05 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.95705 -2.55 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 7.725 -6.41603 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 8.725 -6.41603 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 9.225 -7.28205 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.35897 -7.05 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 5.35897 -8.05 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 4.49295 -8.55 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 4.725 -4.68397 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 3.725 -4.68397 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 3.225 -3.81795 0.0 0
M V30 18 P 10.15 -4.25 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 19 F 10.15 -3.25 0.0 0
M V30 20 F 9.28397 -4.75 0.0 0
M V30 21 F 11.016 -4.75 0.0 0
M V30 22 F 10.15 -5.25 0.0 0
M V30 23 F 11.016 -3.75 0.0 0
M V30 24 F 9.28397 -3.75 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 1 3
M V30 3 1 1 4
M V30 4 1 1 5
M V30 5 1 3 6
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 1 4 9
M V30 9 1 9 10
M V30 10 1 10 11
M V30 11 1 5 12
M V30 12 1 12 13
M V30 13 1 13 14
M V30 14 1 2 15
M V30 15 1 15 16
M V30 16 1 16 17
M V30 17 1 18 19
M V30 18 1 18 20
M V30 19 1 18 21
M V30 20 1 18 22
M V30 21 1 18 23
M V30 22 1 18 24
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
|smiles=[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)(F)F
|inchi=1S/C16H36N.F6P/c1-5-9-13-17(14-10-6-2,15-11-7-3)16-12-8-4;1-7(2,3,4,5)6/h5-16H2,1-4H3;/q+1;-1
|inchikey=BKBKEFQIOUYLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|width=300px
|height=200px
|float=none
}}

Toward Visible-Light Photochemical CO2‑to-CH4 Conversion in Aqueous Solutions Using Sensitized Molecular Catalysis

2024-09-05T13:36:42Z

Victor.larignon:

{{BaseTemplate}}
{{DOI|doi=10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00950}}
=== Abstract ===

==== Summary====
A photochemical reduction of CO2 was achieved using an iron porphyrin catalyst and an iridium complex as the photosensitizer. Carbon monoxide, produced with a TON of 178 under optimized conditions, was the main product, methane was produced in a substantial amount with the TON of 32, while hydrogen was formed as a minor byproduct. The experiments were performed under irradiation with ''λ >'' 420 nm in acetonitrile and in the presence of various amines as sacrificial electron donors.

==== Advances and special progress====
The catalytic reduction of CO2 could also be realized under aqueous conditions (acetonitrile/water 3:7 v:v), yielding carbon monoxide as the main product while methane was produced with selectivity up to 10% (TON of 3).

==== Additional remarks====
Among the various amines employed as sacrificial electron donors, TEA appeared as the best choice to maximize CO2 product formation.

=== Content of the published article in detail ===
The article contains results for the reduction of CO2 to CO as the main product under visible-light irradiation using iron porphyrin complex Fe(pTMAPP)Cl5 ({{#moleculelink:|link=LKNRTBVZMCBYCY-NGWNFTKISA-I|image=false|width=300|height=200}}) as the catalysts, an iridium complex as the photosensitizer and various amines as the sacrificial electron donor. The catalytic system performs best (referring to the TON of CO production) with Ir(ppy)3 ({{#moleculelink: |link=NSABRUJKERBGOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}}) as the photosensitizer and TEA as the sacrificial electron donor.

==== Catalyst====
{{#moleculelink:|link=LKNRTBVZMCBYCY-NGWNFTKISA-I|image=true|width=300|height=200}}

====Photosensitizer====
<chemform smiles="C1C=C[C-]2[Ir+3]3([C-]4C=CC=CC=4C4C=CC=CN=43)3(N4=CC=CC=C4C4C=CC=CN=43)N3=CC=CC=C3C=2C=1.[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)(F)F" inchi="1S/2C11H8N.C10H8N2.F6P.Ir/c2*1-2-6-10(7-3-1)11-8-4-5-9-12-11;1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;1-7(2,3,4,5)6;/h2*1-6,8-9H;1-8H;;/q2*-1;;-1;+3" inchikey="RJJGJTKSOSSNNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-08012317332D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 44 51 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.03485 -3.90007 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 5.76515 -3.89959 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.90164 -3.39997 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.76515 -4.90053 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 5 C 4.03485 -4.90502 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 4.90382 -5.40003 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 6.63141 -3.39999 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.49583 -1.90109 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.63149 -2.39928 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 8.36278 -2.40138 0.0 0
M V30 11 N 7.50182 -3.90229 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.3649 -3.39706 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 4.08485 -6.82507 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 5.81515 -6.82459 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 15 C 4.95164 -6.32497 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 5.81515 -7.82553 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 4.08485 -7.83002 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 4.95382 -8.32503 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 6.68166 -8.3247 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 8.41196 -8.32139 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 7.54763 -7.82318 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 8.41359 -9.32233 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 6.6833 -9.32964 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 7.55308 -9.82324 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 9.35985 -3.77507 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 11.0902 -3.77459 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 10.2266 -3.27497 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 11.0902 -4.77553 0.0 0
M V30 29 N 9.35985 -4.78002 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 10.2288 -5.27503 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 10.2327 -6.27503 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 11.105 -7.76933 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 11.1014 -6.7717 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 10.2405 -8.27372 0.0 0
M V30 35 N 9.36465 -6.78143 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 9.37498 -7.78146 0.0 0
M V30 37 Ir 7.55 -5.775 0.0 0 CHG=3
M V30 38 P 13.517 -3.7 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 39 F 14.383 -3.2 0.0 0
M V30 40 F 12.651 -3.2 0.0 0
M V30 41 F 13.517 -4.7 0.0 0
M V30 42 F 14.383 -4.2 0.0 0
M V30 43 F 13.517 -2.7 0.0 0
M V30 44 F 12.651 -4.2 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 2 9 7
M V30 9 2 10 8
M V30 10 1 7 11
M V30 11 1 8 9
M V30 12 2 11 12
M V30 13 1 12 10
M V30 14 2 15 13
M V30 15 2 16 14
M V30 16 1 13 17
M V30 17 1 14 15
M V30 18 2 17 18
M V30 19 1 18 16
M V30 20 1 16 19
M V30 21 2 21 19
M V30 22 2 22 20
M V30 23 1 19 23
M V30 24 1 20 21
M V30 25 2 23 24
M V30 26 1 24 22
M V30 27 2 27 25
M V30 28 2 28 26
M V30 29 1 25 29
M V30 30 1 26 27
M V30 31 2 29 30
M V30 32 1 30 28
M V30 33 1 30 31
M V30 34 2 33 31
M V30 35 2 34 32
M V30 36 1 31 35
M V30 37 1 32 33
M V30 38 2 35 36
M V30 39 1 36 34
M V30 40 10 11 37
M V30 41 10 37 29
M V30 42 10 35 37
M V30 43 10 37 21
M V30 44 10 14 37
M V30 45 10 37 4
M V30 46 1 38 39
M V30 47 1 38 40
M V30 48 1 38 41
M V30 49 1 38 42
M V30 50 1 38 43
M V30 51 1 38 44
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>
{{#moleculelink: |link=NSABRUJKERBGOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=true}}

====Investigation====
{{#experimentlist: |form=Photocatalytic_CO2_conversion_experiments|name=Photocatalytic reduction of CO2: conditions optimization}}

{{#experimentlist: |form=Cyclic_Voltammetry_experiments|name=Cyclic voltammetry in various conditions}}

====Sacrificial electron donor====
In this study, the experiments were conducted with TEA ({{#moleculelink:|link=ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}}), TEOA ({{#moleculelink:|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}}), and DIPEA ({{#moleculelink:|link=JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}}) as sacrificial electron donors.

====Additives====
In some experiments described in this study, TFE ({{#moleculelink:|link=RHQDFWAXVIIEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}}) was used as an additive.
[[Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion to CH4]][[Category:Publication]]

Toward Visible-Light Photochemical CO2‑to-CH4 Conversion in Aqueous Solutions Using Sensitized Molecular Catalysis/Cyclic voltammetry in various conditions

2024-09-05T13:36:21Z

Victor.larignon:

Toward Visible-Light Photochemical CO2‑to-CH4 Conversion in Aqueous Solutions Using Sensitized Molecular Catalysis/Cyclic voltammetry in various conditions

2024-09-05T13:36:02Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Cyclic Voltammetry experiments
|experiments={{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0 , -1.4 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=argon
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0, -1.4 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=dark
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0, -1.4 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=irr. >420, 60 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|redox potential=-2.0, -1.4 ;
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=TEA (0.05 mM), irr. >420 nm, 1 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=TEA (0.05 mM), irr. >420 nm, 60 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}
}}
The results show an increase in current when the solution is irradiated and triethylamine (TEA) is added (see condition column).

Toward Visible-Light Photochemical CO2‑to-CH4 Conversion in Aqueous Solutions Using Sensitized Molecular Catalysis/Cyclic voltammetry in various conditions

2024-09-05T13:25:56Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Cyclic Voltammetry experiments
|experiments={{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=argon
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=dark
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=irr. >420, 60 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=TEA (0.05 mM), irr. >420 nm, 1 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}{{Cyclic Voltammetry
|anl=Molecule:100784
|anl conc=0.5
|solv=Molecule:100530
|electrolyte=Molecule:100966
|el conc=0.1
|scan rate=100
|gas=CO
|cond=TEA (0.05 mM), irr. >420 nm, 60 min
|WE=glassy carbon
|WE area=7.07
|CE=platinum
|RE=SCE
|include=Yes
}}
}}
The results show an increase in current when the solution is irradiated and triethylamine (TEA) is added (see condition column).

Molecule:100530

2024-09-05T13:24:27Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=MeCN
|trivialname=acetonitrile
|molecular_role=solvent
|cid=6342
|iupacName=ethanenitrile
|molecularMass=41.026549100
|synonyms=ACETONITRILE$Cyanomethane$Methyl cyanide$Ethanenitrile$Ethyl nitrile$Methanecarbonitrile$Methane, cyano-$Acetonitril$Cyanure de methyl$Methylkyanid
|cas=75-05-8
|hasVendors=true
|moleculeKey=WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|molOrRxn=-INDIGO-05222412222D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 3 2 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 6.025 -5.175 0.0 0
M V30 2 N 7.025 -5.175 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 5.025 -5.175 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 3 1 2
M V30 2 1 1 3
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
|smiles=C(C)#N
|inchi=1S/C2H3N/c1-2-3/h1H3
|inchikey=WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|width=300px
|height=200px
|float=none
|molecularFormula=C2H3N
}}

Property:MolecularRole

2024-09-05T13:23:55Z

Victor.larignon:

; Purpose
* [[Property description::Contains a string describing the molecular role of a molecule.@en]]

; Datatype
* [[Has type::Text]].

The allowed values for this property are:
* [[Allows value::catalyst]]
* [[Allows value::photosensitizer]]
* [[Allows value::solvent]]
* [[Allows value::electrolyte]]

Molecule:100966

2024-09-05T13:23:13Z

Victor.larignon:

{{Molecule
|abbrev=TBAPF6
|trivialname=Tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate
|cid=165075
|iupacName=tetrabutylazanium;hexafluorophosphate
|molecularMass=387.24895612
|molecularFormula=C16H36F6NP
|synonyms=Tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate$Tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate(V)$tetra-n-butylammonium hexafluorophosphate$MFCD00011748$1-Butanaminium, N,N,N-tributyl-, hexafluorophosphate(1-)$tetrabutylazanium;hexafluorophosphate$Tetrabutyl-ammonium hexafluorophosphate$1-Butanaminium, N,N,N-tributyl-, hexafluorophosphate(1-) (1:1)$hexafluoro-lambda5-phosphanuide; tetrabutylazanium$tetrabutylammoniumhexafluorophosphate
|cas=3109-63-5
|hasVendors=true
|moleculeKey=BKBKEFQIOUYLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|molOrRxn=-INDIGO-09052415212D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 24 22 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 6.225 -5.55 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 2 C 5.225 -5.55 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.225 -4.55 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 7.225 -5.55 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.225 -6.55 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 7.09103 -4.05 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.09103 -3.05 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.95705 -2.55 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 7.725 -6.41603 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 8.725 -6.41603 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 9.225 -7.28205 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.35897 -7.05 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 5.35897 -8.05 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 4.49295 -8.55 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 4.725 -4.68397 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 3.725 -4.68397 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 3.225 -3.81795 0.0 0
M V30 18 P 10.15 -4.25 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 19 F 10.15 -3.25 0.0 0
M V30 20 F 9.28397 -4.75 0.0 0
M V30 21 F 11.016 -4.75 0.0 0
M V30 22 F 10.15 -5.25 0.0 0
M V30 23 F 11.016 -3.75 0.0 0
M V30 24 F 9.28397 -3.75 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 1 3
M V30 3 1 1 4
M V30 4 1 1 5
M V30 5 1 3 6
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 1 4 9
M V30 9 1 9 10
M V30 10 1 10 11
M V30 11 1 5 12
M V30 12 1 12 13
M V30 13 1 13 14
M V30 14 1 2 15
M V30 15 1 15 16
M V30 16 1 16 17
M V30 17 1 18 19
M V30 18 1 18 20
M V30 19 1 18 21
M V30 20 1 18 22
M V30 21 1 18 23
M V30 22 1 18 24
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
|smiles=[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)(F)F
|inchi=1S/C16H36N.F6P/c1-5-9-13-17(14-10-6-2,15-11-7-3)16-12-8-4;1-7(2,3,4,5)6/h5-16H2,1-4H3;/q+1;-1
|inchikey=BKBKEFQIOUYLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|width=300px
|height=200px
|float=none
}}

Toward Visible-Light Photochemical CO2‑to-CH4 Conversion in Aqueous Solutions Using Sensitized Molecular Catalysis

2024-09-05T13:21:24Z

Victor.larignon: /* Investigation */

{{BaseTemplate}}
{{DOI|doi=10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00950}}
=== Abstract ===

==== Summary====
A photochemical reduction of CO2 was achieved using an iron porphyrin catalyst and an iridium complex as the photosensitizer. Carbon monoxide, produced with a TON of 178 under optimized conditions, was the main product, methane was produced in a substantial amount with the TON of 32, while hydrogen was formed as a minor byproduct. The experiments were performed under irradiation with ''λ >'' 420 nm in acetonitrile and in the presence of various amines as sacrificial electron donors.

==== Advances and special progress====
The catalytic reduction of CO2 could also be realized under aqueous conditions (acetonitrile/water 3:7 v:v), yielding carbon monoxide as the main product while methane was produced with selectivity up to 10% (TON of 3).

==== Additional remarks====
Among the various amines employed as sacrificial electron donors, TEA appeared as the best choice to maximize CO2 product formation.

=== Content of the published article in detail ===
The article contains results for the reduction of CO2 to CO as the main product under visible-light irradiation using iron porphyrin complex Fe(pTMAPP)Cl5 ({{#moleculelink:|link=LKNRTBVZMCBYCY-NGWNFTKISA-I|image=false|width=300|height=200}}) as the catalysts, an iridium complex as the photosensitizer and various amines as the sacrificial electron donor. The catalytic system performs best (referring to the TON of CO production) with Ir(ppy)3 ({{#moleculelink: |link=NSABRUJKERBGOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}}) as the photosensitizer and TEA as the sacrificial electron donor.

==== Catalyst====
{{#moleculelink:|link=LKNRTBVZMCBYCY-NGWNFTKISA-I|image=true|width=300|height=200}}

====Photosensitizer====
<chemform smiles="C1C=C[C-]2[Ir+3]3([C-]4C=CC=CC=4C4C=CC=CN=43)3(N4=CC=CC=C4C4C=CC=CN=43)N3=CC=CC=C3C=2C=1.[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)(F)F" inchi="1S/2C11H8N.C10H8N2.F6P.Ir/c2*1-2-6-10(7-3-1)11-8-4-5-9-12-11;1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10;1-7(2,3,4,5)6;/h2*1-6,8-9H;1-8H;;/q2*-1;;-1;+3" inchikey="RJJGJTKSOSSNNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-08012317332D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 44 51 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 C 4.03485 -3.90007 0.0 0
M V30 2 C 5.76515 -3.89959 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 4.90164 -3.39997 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 5.76515 -4.90053 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 5 C 4.03485 -4.90502 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 4.90382 -5.40003 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 6.63141 -3.39999 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.49583 -1.90109 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 6.63149 -2.39928 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 8.36278 -2.40138 0.0 0
M V30 11 N 7.50182 -3.90229 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 8.3649 -3.39706 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 4.08485 -6.82507 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 5.81515 -6.82459 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 15 C 4.95164 -6.32497 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 5.81515 -7.82553 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 4.08485 -7.83002 0.0 0
M V30 18 C 4.95382 -8.32503 0.0 0
M V30 19 C 6.68166 -8.3247 0.0 0
M V30 20 C 8.41196 -8.32139 0.0 0
M V30 21 N 7.54763 -7.82318 0.0 0
M V30 22 C 8.41359 -9.32233 0.0 0
M V30 23 C 6.6833 -9.32964 0.0 0
M V30 24 C 7.55308 -9.82324 0.0 0
M V30 25 C 9.35985 -3.77507 0.0 0
M V30 26 C 11.0902 -3.77459 0.0 0
M V30 27 C 10.2266 -3.27497 0.0 0
M V30 28 C 11.0902 -4.77553 0.0 0
M V30 29 N 9.35985 -4.78002 0.0 0
M V30 30 C 10.2288 -5.27503 0.0 0
M V30 31 C 10.2327 -6.27503 0.0 0
M V30 32 C 11.105 -7.76933 0.0 0
M V30 33 C 11.1014 -6.7717 0.0 0
M V30 34 C 10.2405 -8.27372 0.0 0
M V30 35 N 9.36465 -6.78143 0.0 0
M V30 36 C 9.37498 -7.78146 0.0 0
M V30 37 Ir 7.55 -5.775 0.0 0 CHG=3
M V30 38 P 13.517 -3.7 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 39 F 14.383 -3.2 0.0 0
M V30 40 F 12.651 -3.2 0.0 0
M V30 41 F 13.517 -4.7 0.0 0
M V30 42 F 14.383 -4.2 0.0 0
M V30 43 F 13.517 -2.7 0.0 0
M V30 44 F 12.651 -4.2 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 2 3 1
M V30 2 2 4 2
M V30 3 1 1 5
M V30 4 1 2 3
M V30 5 2 5 6
M V30 6 1 6 4
M V30 7 1 2 7
M V30 8 2 9 7
M V30 9 2 10 8
M V30 10 1 7 11
M V30 11 1 8 9
M V30 12 2 11 12
M V30 13 1 12 10
M V30 14 2 15 13
M V30 15 2 16 14
M V30 16 1 13 17
M V30 17 1 14 15
M V30 18 2 17 18
M V30 19 1 18 16
M V30 20 1 16 19
M V30 21 2 21 19
M V30 22 2 22 20
M V30 23 1 19 23
M V30 24 1 20 21
M V30 25 2 23 24
M V30 26 1 24 22
M V30 27 2 27 25
M V30 28 2 28 26
M V30 29 1 25 29
M V30 30 1 26 27
M V30 31 2 29 30
M V30 32 1 30 28
M V30 33 1 30 31
M V30 34 2 33 31
M V30 35 2 34 32
M V30 36 1 31 35
M V30 37 1 32 33
M V30 38 2 35 36
M V30 39 1 36 34
M V30 40 10 11 37
M V30 41 10 37 29
M V30 42 10 35 37
M V30 43 10 37 21
M V30 44 10 14 37
M V30 45 10 37 4
M V30 46 1 38 39
M V30 47 1 38 40
M V30 48 1 38 41
M V30 49 1 38 42
M V30 50 1 38 43
M V30 51 1 38 44
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>
{{#moleculelink: |link=NSABRUJKERBGOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=true}}

====Investigation====
{{#experimentlist: |form=Photocatalytic_CO2_conversion_experiments|name=Photocatalytic reduction of CO2: conditions optimization}}

{{#experimentlist: |form=Cyclic_Voltammetry_experiments|name=Cyclic voltammetry in various conditions}}

<chemform smiles="[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)(F)F" inchi="1S/C16H36N.F6P/c1-5-9-13-17(14-10-6-2,15-11-7-3)16-12-8-4;1-7(2,3,4,5)6/h5-16H2,1-4H3;/q+1;-1" inchikey="BKBKEFQIOUYLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N" height="200px" width="300px" float="none">
-INDIGO-09052415212D

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3000
M V30 BEGIN CTAB
M V30 COUNTS 24 22 0 0 0
M V30 BEGIN ATOM
M V30 1 N 6.225 -5.55 0.0 0 CHG=1
M V30 2 C 5.225 -5.55 0.0 0
M V30 3 C 6.225 -4.55 0.0 0
M V30 4 C 7.225 -5.55 0.0 0
M V30 5 C 6.225 -6.55 0.0 0
M V30 6 C 7.09103 -4.05 0.0 0
M V30 7 C 7.09103 -3.05 0.0 0
M V30 8 C 7.95705 -2.55 0.0 0
M V30 9 C 7.725 -6.41603 0.0 0
M V30 10 C 8.725 -6.41603 0.0 0
M V30 11 C 9.225 -7.28205 0.0 0
M V30 12 C 5.35897 -7.05 0.0 0
M V30 13 C 5.35897 -8.05 0.0 0
M V30 14 C 4.49295 -8.55 0.0 0
M V30 15 C 4.725 -4.68397 0.0 0
M V30 16 C 3.725 -4.68397 0.0 0
M V30 17 C 3.225 -3.81795 0.0 0
M V30 18 P 10.15 -4.25 0.0 0 CHG=-1
M V30 19 F 10.15 -3.25 0.0 0
M V30 20 F 9.28397 -4.75 0.0 0
M V30 21 F 11.016 -4.75 0.0 0
M V30 22 F 10.15 -5.25 0.0 0
M V30 23 F 11.016 -3.75 0.0 0
M V30 24 F 9.28397 -3.75 0.0 0
M V30 END ATOM
M V30 BEGIN BOND
M V30 1 1 1 2
M V30 2 1 1 3
M V30 3 1 1 4
M V30 4 1 1 5
M V30 5 1 3 6
M V30 6 1 6 7
M V30 7 1 7 8
M V30 8 1 4 9
M V30 9 1 9 10
M V30 10 1 10 11
M V30 11 1 5 12
M V30 12 1 12 13
M V30 13 1 13 14
M V30 14 1 2 15
M V30 15 1 15 16
M V30 16 1 16 17
M V30 17 1 18 19
M V30 18 1 18 20
M V30 19 1 18 21
M V30 20 1 18 22
M V30 21 1 18 23
M V30 22 1 18 24
M V30 END BOND
M V30 END CTAB
M END
</chemform>

====Sacrificial electron donor====
In this study, the experiments were conducted with TEA ({{#moleculelink:|link=ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}}), TEOA ({{#moleculelink:|link=GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}}), and DIPEA ({{#moleculelink:|link=JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}}) as sacrificial electron donors.

====Additives====
In some experiments described in this study, TFE ({{#moleculelink:|link=RHQDFWAXVIIEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N|image=false|width=300|height=200}}) was used as an additive.
[[Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion to CH4]][[Category:Publication]]

Help:Create new publication: photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:56:05Z

Victor.larignon:

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

=== Structure of the publication page ===

Publication pages show the legally available data from published papers. These include:

# Molecules used in the publication
# The investigations: tables with data

Currently, the pages for photocatalytic CO2 conversion are structured by the headlines:

# Abstract
## Summary
## Advances and special progress
## Additional remarks
# Content of the published article in detail
## Catalyst
## Photosensitizer
## Investigation
## Sacrificial electron donor
## Additives (optional)

=== Investigations ===

In some columns, free text can be added. Please consider the following guidelines:

* Additives: add free text or choose gasses according to the suggestions
* Solvent ratio: add the ratio in a form such as 4:1
* Irradiation wavelength: input a number, “dark” (or empty), description of source
* Columns with numbers: leave empty when number is not given or zero
* Details: give other relevant information in this field.

Help:Create new publication: photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:54:38Z

Victor.larignon:

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

=== Structure of the publication page ===

Publication pages show the legally available data from published papers. These include:

# Molecules used in the publication
# The investigations: tables with data

Currently, the pages for photocatalytic CO2 conversion are structured by the headlines:

# Abstract
## Summary
# Catalyst
# Photosensitizer
# Investigation
# Sacrificial electron donor
# Additives (optional)

=== Investigations ===

In some columns, free text can be added. Please consider the following guidelines:

* Additives: add free text or choose gasses according to the suggestions
* Solvent ratio: add the ratio in a form such as 4:1
* Irradiation wavelength: input a number, “dark” (or empty), description of source
* Columns with numbers: leave empty when number is not given or zero
* Details: give other relevant information in this field.

Help:Create new publication: photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:53:51Z

Victor.larignon:

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

=== Structure of the publication page ===

Publication pages show the legally available data from published papers. These include:

# Molecules used in the publication
# The investigations: tables with data

Currently, the pages for photocatalytic CO2 conversion are structured by the headlines:

# Catalyst
# Photosensitizer
# Investigation
# Sacrificial electron donor
# Additives (optional)

=== Investigations ===

In some columns, free text can be added. Please consider the following guidelines:

* Additives: add free text or choose gasses according to the suggestions
* Solvent ratio: add the ratio in a form such as 4:1
* Irradiation wavelength: input a number, “dark” (or empty), description of source
* Columns with numbers: leave empty when number is not given or zero
* Details: give other relevant information in this field.

Help:Create new publication: photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:53:26Z

Victor.larignon:

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

=== Structure of the publication page ===

Publication pages show the legally available data from published papers. These include:

# The investigations: Tables with data
# Molecules used in the publication

Currently, the pages for photocatalytic CO2 conversion are structured by the headlines:

# Catalyst
# Photosensitizer
# Investigation
# Sacrificial electron donor
# Additives (optional)

=== Investigations ===

In some columns, free text can be added. Please consider the following guidelines:

* Additives: add free text or choose gasses according to the suggestions
* Solvent ratio: add the ratio in a form such as 4:1
* Irradiation wavelength: input a number, “dark” (or empty), description of source
* Columns with numbers: leave empty when number is not given or zero
* Details: give other relevant information in this field.

Help:Create new publication: photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:53:18Z

Victor.larignon:

Help:Create new publication: photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:52:52Z

Victor.larignon:

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

=== Structure of the publication page ===

# The investigations: Tables with data
# Molecules used in the publication

Currently, the pages for photocatalytic CO2 conversion are structured by the headlines:

# Catalyst
# Photosensitizer
# Investigation
# Sacrificial electron donor
# Additives (optional)

=== Investigations ===

In some columns, free text can be added. Please consider the following guidelines:

* Additives: add free text or choose gasses according to the suggestions
* Solvent ratio: add the ratio in a form such as 4:1
* Irradiation wavelength: input a number, “dark” (or empty), description of source
* Columns with numbers: leave empty when number is not given or zero
* Details: give other relevant information in this field.

Help:Create new publication: photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:52:37Z

Victor.larignon:

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

=== Structure of the publication page ===

# The investigations: Tables with data
# Molecules used in the publication

Currently, the pages for photocatalytic CO2 conversion are structured by the headlines:

# Catalyst
# Photosensitizer
# Investigation
# Sacrificial electron donor
# Additives (optional)

=== Investigations ===

* In some columns, free text can be added. Please consider the following guidelines:
* Additives: add free text or choose gasses according to the suggestions
* Solvent ratio: add the ratio in a form such as 4:1
* Irradiation wavelength: input a number, “dark” (or empty), description of source
* Columns with numbers: leave empty when number is not given or zero
* Details: give other relevant information in this field.

Help:Create new publication: photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:52:19Z

Victor.larignon:

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

=== Structure of the publication page ===

# The investigations: Tables with data
# Molecules used in the publication

Currently, the pages for photocatalytic CO2 conversion are structured by the headlines:

# Catalyst
# Photosensitizer
# Investigation
# Sacrificial electron donor
# Additives (optional)

=== Investigations ===

In some columns, free text can be added. Please consider the following guidelines:
Additives: add free text or choose gasses according to the suggestions
Solvent ratio: add the ratio in a form such as 4:1
Irradiation wavelength: input a number, “dark” (or empty), description of source
Columns with numbers: leave empty when number is not given or zero
Details: give other relevant information in this field.

Help:Guidelines to cyclic voltammetry

2024-07-01T11:50:47Z

Victor.larignon:

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

* Concentration of the analyte
* Electrodes
* Electrolyte (concentration, purity)
* Scan rate (and direction, number of scans)
* Reference (electrode or internal reference)
* Atmosphere (How to saturate CO2)
* Guidelines (link to publication)
* Solvent

Help:Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:50:24Z

Victor.larignon:

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

* Concentration (catalyst, photosensitizer, e-D, H-D)
* Atmosphere
* Vessel (size, gas tightness, stirring)
* Light source
* Purity
* Duration
* Temperature
* Solvent
* Type of e-D, H-D
* Screenings
* Characterize catalyst/photosensitizer couples
* Optimization of a system

Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:49:13Z

Victor.larignon:

{{BaseTemplate}}
==THIS PAGE IS GENERATED TO RESERVE THE TOPIC SPACE IN THIS WIKI - THE MAIN CONTENT IS MISSING==

The page [[:Category:Homogeneous photocatalytic CO2 conversion|Homogeneous photocatalytic CO2 conversion]] is an example page in this wiki that contains scientific content

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Useful links
|-
|
* [[Help:Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion|Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion]]
* [[Help:Guidelines to cyclic voltammetry|Guidelines to cyclic voltammetry]]
* [[Help:Create new publication: photocatalytic CO2 conversion|Create new publication: photocatalytic CO2 conversion]]
|}
[[Category:CO2 conversion]]

Help:Create new publication: photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:48:51Z

Victor.larignon: Created page with "== WORK IN PROGRESS =="

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:45:55Z

Victor.larignon:

Help:Guidelines to cyclic voltammetry

2024-07-01T11:44:57Z

Victor.larignon: Created page with "== WORK IN PROGRESS =="

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

Category:Photocatalytic CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:44:24Z

Victor.larignon: Added a table to put useful links (helps pages)

{{BaseTemplate}}
==THIS PAGE IS GENERATED TO RESERVE THE TOPIC SPACE IN THIS WIKI - THE MAIN CONTENT IS MISSING==

The page [[:Category:Homogeneous photocatalytic CO2 conversion|Homogeneous photocatalytic CO2 conversion]] is an example page in this wiki that contains scientific content

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Useful links
|-
|
* [[Help:Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion]]
* [[Help:Guidelines to cyclic voltammetry]]
|}
[[Category:CO2 conversion]]

Help:Guidelines to creating photochemical CO2 conversion publications

2024-07-01T11:32:59Z

Victor.larignon: Victor.larignon moved page Help:Guidelines to creating photochemical CO2 conversion publications to Help:Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion over redirect

#REDIRECT [[Help:Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion]]

Help:Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion

2024-07-01T11:32:59Z

Victor.larignon: Victor.larignon moved page Help:Guidelines to creating photochemical CO2 conversion publications to Help:Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion over redirect

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

Publication pages show the legally available data from published papers. These include:

# The investigations: Tables with data
# Molecules used in the publication

Currently, the pages for photocatalytic CO2 conversion are structured by the headlines:

# Catalyst
# Photosensitizer
# Investigation
# Sacrificial electron donor
# Additives (optional)

Help:Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion

2024-06-28T14:22:29Z

Victor.larignon: Victor.larignon moved page Help:Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion to Help:Guidelines to creating photochemical CO2 conversion publications

Help:Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion

2024-06-28T14:10:52Z

Victor.larignon:

Help:Guidelines to photochemical CO2 conversion

2024-06-28T14:10:39Z

Victor.larignon:

== WORK IN PROGRESS ==

Publication pages show the legally available data from published papers. These include:
# The investigations: Tables with data
# Molecules used in the publication

Currently, the pages for photocatalytic CO2 conversion are structured by the headlines:

# Catalyst
# Photosensitizer
# Investigation
# Sacrificial electron donor
# Additives (optional)